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Programmable Logic Controllers

This document provides an overview of the objectives and projects for an ECE 4951 lecture on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The course objectives include ABET objectives and developing projects with industry partners. Two main projects are described, involving developing PLC control systems for hydro automation and a model power plant. Key skill sets required include PLC programming, mechanical ability, software development, and networking. PLCs are then introduced as being similar to microcontrollers but intended for industrial applications with emphasis on reliability. Basic PLC components and the use of ladder logic diagrams are also covered.

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65 views18 pages

Programmable Logic Controllers

This document provides an overview of the objectives and projects for an ECE 4951 lecture on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The course objectives include ABET objectives and developing projects with industry partners. Two main projects are described, involving developing PLC control systems for hydro automation and a model power plant. Key skill sets required include PLC programming, mechanical ability, software development, and networking. PLCs are then introduced as being similar to microcontrollers but intended for industrial applications with emphasis on reliability. Basic PLC components and the use of ladder logic diagrams are also covered.

Uploaded by

sujith
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE 4951

Lecture 1: Programmable Logic Controllers

Course Objectives
ABET OBJECTIVES WORK WITH INDUSTRY TO DEVELOP:
Scope and Specification Budget Design

DELIVER WRITTEN AND ORAL REPORTS AT UMD

PROJECTS
MP#1: Hydro Automation
Develop a PLC based control automation scheme for Winton Hydro (Ely, MN)

MP#2: Power Plant Educational Demo


Develop a PLC based control and data acquisition system for a model power plant

UMD#1: Automated Data Acquisition for Medical School


Develop hardware and software to broadcast metering data from Med. School to ethernet and collect for display and archiving

Skill Sets
MP#1:
PLC programming Ability to learn MP control Schemes Ability to work a fast track job

MP#2:
PLC programming Mechanical ability Ability to visualize and implement an open-ended spec

UMD#1:
Internet protocols Software development Data base development

PLCs Are ...


Similar to a Microcontroller:
Microprocessor Based Onboard Memory for Storing Programs Special Programming Language: Ladder Logic Input/Output Ports

PLCs Are...
Dissimilar to Microcontrollers:
Intended for Industrial Applications (High Power) I/O Designed to interface with Control Relays Emphasis on Maximum Reliability

PLCs
Widely Applied in Every Industry Were Developed to Simplify the Implementation of Control Automation Systems in Plants and Assembly Lines Designed to Minimize the Number of Control Relays in a Process and Maximize the Ways Relays can be Used First Applied to Automobile Industry in the Late 1960s Flexible, Reliable and Low Cost

PLC Components

I/O Modules
Input Modules: Input Signals can be AC or DC, Analog or Digital Output Modules: Outputs are either AC or DC Analog Signals (Although it is possible to Construct Digital Outputs) Modern PLCs have Expansion Ports to Increase the Number of Available Inputs and Outputs

Examples of I/O Signals


Inputs:
Pushbutton (Energizing or Grounding an Input) Relay Contact Output DC Voltage Level Digital Logic Signal (+5V or 0 V, etc) 24 V ac 120 V ac 120 Vdc etcetera

Outputs:

PLCs Use Ladder Logic


Ladder Logic Diagrams Provide a Method to Symbolically Show How Relay Control Schemes are Implemented Relay Contacts and Coils, Inputs and Outputs lie on Rungs Between the Positive and Ground Rails

Example of Ladder Diagram

Relays
In General, Relays Transform a Control Signal into a Control Action Relays Provide:
Isolation Between Input and Output Leverage (Small Signal Can Control Large Action) Automation (Minimize Human Interaction with a Control Process)

Relay Components

Basic Relay Symbols

Relay Applications
Relays can be Designed to Perform Many Functions
Detect Out of Limit Conditions on Voltages and Currents Start Motors Prevent Motors from Over Heating Control Assembly Lines Adjust Lighting

References
Skvarenina/DeWitt, Electrical Power and Controls, Pearson-Prentice Hall, 2004

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