Under the guidance of-
Dr Shashikala Hosamath.MD
Dept of Rasashastra
K.L.E’s Shri B M K Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya. Belgaum, Karnataka.
Adulteration in Ayurvedic drugs is found now a days
due to commercialization and mushroom growth of
pharmaceuticals for financial benefits.So to make its
source easily available to prevent its adulteration present
study is carried out.
They also identified specific signs ie shuddhavarta &
bheejavarta which appears at particular temp. and
indicate the melting of material & separation of
metallic contents from liquified material.
1. Identification of Swarna Makshika &
Tankana.
2. Shodhana of Swarna Makshika acc. to
Ayurveda prakash
& Tankana acc to Rasa Tarangini.
• Satvapatana of Swarna Makshika acc. to
Rasa Tarangini.
• Analytical study of ashuddha & shuddha and
satva of Swarna Makshika.
Tankana shodhana:
• Asuddha tankana is taken and heated in iron pan
till water evaporates.&it starts blooming,like
flower then it is collected.
• Chakrika of swarna makshika is prepared by mixing it
with tankana&bhavana is given by nimbu swarasa
• Satvapatana of swarna makshika:
Swarna makshika chakrikas are taken in crucible
and heated in muffle furnace with intense heat
for about 2 hrs,when whole material gets liquified it is
poured into a container and satva is collected
after cooling..
METHODOLOGY
Swarna makshika is collected from KHETARI MINES of
Rajasthan
Materials required for shodhana like Jambiranimbu ,kshara,
tankana is collected from market and get authentified by the experts.
Jambira swarasa nirmana
Take 15 jabiranimbu,cut them by knife squeeze them and filter
through a cloth.Then swarasa is collected.
Swarna makshika shodhana
100 gm of saindhava and 300 gm of swarna makshika are mixed
properly in iron vessel and heated.Jambira swarasa is added in it till
mixture is completely immersed ,then continuous stirring is done
with pressure for at least 2 hour so that its color changes to brownish
red then stop heating & keep it for cooling, lastly wash it with water
&dry in shadow.
RESULTS
Swarna Makshika:
sl.no Properties Before shodhana After shodhana
1. colour Brass yellow with brown
golden tinge
2. taste metallic metallic
3. odour odourless odourless
4. touch hard smooth
5. luster Strong metallic Dull metallic
6. structure Blackish powder with Brownish red
golden tinge powder
7. streak Black with greenish -----
tinge
8. form metallic metallic
9. weight 150 gm 120 gm
Tankana
s.no properties Before After shodhana
shodhana
1. colour white bright white
2. taste kshareeya kshareeya
3. odour odourless odourless
4. touch rough smooth
5. weight 100 gm 90 gm
SWARNAMAKSHIKA SATWAPATANA
s.no properties Before shodhana After shodhana
1. colour brown reddish
2. taste kashaya tasteless
3. odour odourless odourless
4. touch smooth solid
5. luster Dull metallic metallic
6. structure pallet solid
7. form Metallic metallic
8. weight 15 gm 14 gm
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES
s.no Sample code Elements presents
1. A Cu,Fe,S,Al,K,Zn,Na,silica
2. B Cu,Fe,S,Al,Zn
3. C Cu,Fe.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SWARNAMAKSHIKA
s % Before After shodhana After satvapatana
.no shodhana
1. Cu 30.60% 13.7% 49.5%
2. Fe 16.55% 28.98% 43.76%
3. S 24.84% 8.05%
Quantitative composition of elements of Swarna Makshika
s.no samples Al K Zn Na
1. A 0.0539% 0.0985 0.015 0.29
% 4% %
2. B 1.40% 1.00% 0.006 0.35
3% %
Ash value &acid insolubility of different
samples of Swarnamakshika
S.no Sample Ash Acid insolubility
code value
1. A 97.99% 79.69%
2. B 94.26% 66.38%
3. C 99.3% 65.17%
A --- Ashuddha Swarnamakshika
B --- Shuddha Swarnamakshika
C--- Satva of Swarnamakshika
1.Selection of swarna makshika is very difficult and easily confused
with iron pyrite. So before selecting Cu % should be analysed.
2.The physical properties like color,consistency etc change during
the process of shodhana & satvapatana are observed.
3. By analysing the reports of Ashuddha ,Shuddha & satva of
swarna makshika ,came to know that Cu% is increased.
4. Swarna makshika satva will prevent pitta vidagdavasta,in turn
preventing pandu roga.
5. As Fe absorption will increase when given with copper. So the
swarna makshika satva is benefited as it is combination of Cu
& Fe.
