Managed Pressure Drilling Training Level 2 - Rig crew

11767 Katy Freeway Suite 1030 Houston, TX 77079 www.atbalance.com This document is intended solely for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential and/or privileged information. Copying, forwarding or distributing this message by persons or entities other than the Atbalance is prohibited. If you have received this document in error, please contact the sender immediately and delete the material from any computer. This document may have been monitored for policy compliance.

Agenda
Opening Remarks & Introductions What Are We Going to Do? Teamwork MPD Basics MPD Objectives for KMB-1

Example Well Pressure Profile

Flow Control System Equipment Connections Reacting to Unplanned Events Tripping Kick Detection & Well Control Other MPD Issues

What Does Annular Pressure Control System Do?

What are we going to do

Apply Annular Pressure Accurately Measure Annular Pressure Accurately Measure Return Flow & Compare w/ Flow In Calculate BHP Real Time

Conventional Drilling vs Annular Pressure Control (APC) Drilling Conventional drilling basically uses two bottomhole pressures when drilling

A high when pumps are on (ECD)

A low when pumps are off (like on connections - no ECD) If the high BHP approaches fracture pressure, losses and/or ballooning occurs. If the lower BHP is too low, influx, high connection gas and/or borehole instability can all occur. The problems associated with low BHP are further exaggerated when pipe is pulled and swab occurs.

By using annular pressure control, a single BHP is used which is above the conventional low (when pumps are off), yet below the conventional high (when circulating).
A single optimum pressure is used and the problems associated with conventional drilling are largely mitigated.

MPD - An Engineering Solution

Its All About the Bottomhole Pressure Need to Find the Sweet Spot & Keep It There The Hard part is Keeping it There

MPD Provides Another Tool for Doing That

What Affects Bottomhole Pressure?

Mud Weight & Rheology Circulation - GPM RPM - ROP Geometry Slugs Ballooning

Trajectory
Temperature - Pressure Pipe Movement - Swab/Surge Hole Cleaning Influx Losses Pack Offs Equipment Failures - Washouts - Twist Offs Annular Pressure

DAPC Drilling - Pumps On

DAPC Rig Pumps Off

Teamwork Discussion

Onsite Organizational Chart

Company Man

Include MPD Supervisor in forward planning for MPD issues

Tool Pusher

MPD Supervisor Control System Technician RCD Technician

Driller
These will be the most common lines of Communication during MPD procedures

MPD Supervisor Ensure equipment is rigged up and correctly commissioned Advise Client Rep on optimal down hole pressure / ECD during operations Advise Client Rep on MPD / DAPC specific procedures during operations Supervise @Balance personnel Daily reporting as agreed with Manti.

HSE ie toolbox talks, PTW etc.

Guide Driller when applicable

Control Systems Technician

Responsible for rig-up/ down computer control system. Operate system via user interface so that pressures are maintained within the margin defined by the MPD Supervisor and DSV. (reference: user manual DAPC system)

Communicate with Driller as set forth in procedures.

Maintain, troubleshoot and repair electronic components.

Ensure all HSE requirements are complied with.

Driller

Responsible for applying all standard drilling practices WOB, ROP, RPM etc
Rig focal person for applying MPD procedures while drilling. Coordinate with, Client and @Balance personnel during drilling operations.

Mud Loggers

Responsible for monitoring Well conditions.

Contact Co-man and @Balance with any unforeseen Well conditions.

Mud Engineer

Responsible for maintaining an accurate MW and Properties

Call out MW every 30 minutes or Co-Man requirement

Communications

Good communication between the Driller and @Balance is critical. All communication over the radio must be clear and coherent. Ensure the radio button is pressed before you start talking Address the person first before giving the instruction. Confirm that you heard the instruction, repeat back if necessary. Do not cut in on a radio conversation unless very critical. Do not hold idle chat on the radios. They are for operations purpose only, not to discuss lunch or crew changes.

BHP Operating Window - Higher Pore Pressure - Conventional Drlg

10000

Pore PressureWell Bore Stability Frac Pressure

10500

11000

11500

Hydrostatic
12000

ECD

12500

13000

LOSSES
13500 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19

BHP Operating Window - Using BackPressure (MPD)

10000

Pore Pressure or Stability

10500

Frac Pressure

11000

11500

Hydrostatic
12000

ECD

12500

ADD 250 psi BP on Connections

13000

13500 14

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

18.5

19

12 SECTION DESIGN

From 2736 m MD to 4739 m MD

900 gpm Flow Rate

Mud weight: 10.2 ppg to 14 ppg SBM (Stability requirements)

 Section starting mud weight: 10.2 ppg At 3980 m MD: 11 ppg

At 4060 m MD: 12 ppg

At 4170 m MD: 13 ppg At 4280 m MD: 14 ppg

8 X 9 SECTION DESIGN

500 gpm Flow Rate Drilling Fluid: SBM Mud weight: 16.8 ppg 18.2 ppg Primary well targets H831 to H910 sands Tight PP-FG margin: 17.8 ppg 18.1 ppg Mud weight to be designed to be statically overbalanced at all times

 At around 4500 m MD: T Annulus = T Formation When Circulation Stops:

Depth > 4500 m MD

T Decrease => Density Increase

Depth < 4500 m MD

T Increase => Density Decrease

This results in an increase in ESD @ TD

The mud weight has to be designed to be statically overbalance at all times

The maximum we can drill to is 5030 m MD, 4528 m TVD (New section TD)

PP-FG Window: 17.34 ppg 18.1 ppg

Decreasing annular friction losses:

Open the hole to a larger diameter (Hole opened to 9 diameter) Use a tapered drill string (incorporated 2000 m of 4 DP in the drill string) (Negligible effect on ECD) Decrease the Flow Rate (Decreased from 500 gpm to 450 gpm)

Use a lower Rheology (To be evaluated)

MPD Objectives
Drill intervals with a single, near constant BHP which is safely below FG to mitigate losses Kick and loss detection is enhanced by the use of the At Balance kick/loss detection system using a mass/flow meter installed in line down stream of the chokes Formation ballooning is controlled by dynamically holding AP on the wellbore annulus when making connections. Hole instability caused by bottomhole pressure fluctuations that flex and relax the formation during pump on/off cycles is minimized. Constant annular pressure when stripping drill pipe out through the Rotating Control Device can be maintained while pulling out of the hole to mitigate swab. MPD techniques used for planning trips and placement of trip weight mud and swab-surge mitigation.

Dynamic Annular Pressure Control

While Drilling Annular Friction (GPM-Mud Properties) ROP (Cuttings) Rotation Effect (RPM)

On Connections Annular Pressure Using FCS Maintain Constant BHP

Watch the Cuttings!!!

Cuttings are easy to recognize when drilling with PDC bit Splintered cuttings if underbalanced Tabular cuttings from bedding planes Angular, blocky cuttings from stress induced instability Watch for Changes!! - Shaker hand may be most important guy on rig

Managing Swab - Surge One of the Keys to Success

When the drill string is picked up to make a connection or trip out of the hole, the mud in the annulus must fall to replace the volume of pipe pulled from the well The hydrostatic pressure is momentarily reduced while the mud is falling in the annulus (negative ECD). Surge is the opposite - Acts like ECD.

Swab/Surge

Pull 90 Drill Pipe in 3 minutes

4 1/2 DP Displacement = =0.0082 bbl/ft 4 1/2 DP X 8 5/8 casing = 0.0305 bbl/ft Annular Velocity = 8 fpm P = 2 psi per stand If we are pulling 230 stands = 460 psi lower BHP
Typical Misconceptions

That the bit & stabs cause the swab piston effect Swab is not felt all the way to TD

Swab effect - .2 ppg @ 3 mins a stand

Ballooning
Can be attributed to mud being lost into fractures --- or --Can be attributed to the elasticity of the formation that balloons the well by the amount of annular friction When pumps are stopped and there is no annular friction --Fractures close up and squeeze mud back into the hole -- or --The wellbore returns to the original size Fractures are charged to ECD BHP - If pumps are shut down and well is shut in; pressure can increase to difference between ECD and static - Appears to be under balance condition By using CBHP MPD, ballooning goes away since BHP is the same if pumps are on or pumps are off

Ballooning

Ballooning Misinterpreted as flow fail to bleed-off add weight Repeat cycle induce losses potentially induce well control as a result of lost mud column.

FCS System Components

Basic FCS System
RCD (Rotating Control Device) Automated Choke Manifold Annular Pump

Return Flow Meter

Piping Control Cabin Computers & Software

Bring Pumps down hold connection pressure

Rotary Bushing

DAPC Chokes

Bleed line
13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

H.C.R.

DAPC Chokes

300 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Rig Pump 300 psi

Close Annular Bleed off surface pressure

Rotary Bushing

H.C.R.

DAPC Chokes

13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

0 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Rig Pump 300 psi

Remove RCD Element

Rotary Bushing

H.C.R.

DAPC Chokes

13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

0 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Rig Pump 300 psi

Install New RCD Element

Rotary Bushing

H.C.R.

DAPC Chokes

13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

0 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Rig Pump 300 psi

Equalize Pressure Between Annular and Surface

Rotary Bushing

DAPC Chokes
H.C.R. DAPC Chokes

13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

300 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Rig Pump 300 psi

Open Annular / Drill Ahead

Rotary Bushing

DAPC Chokes
H.C.R. DAPC Chokes

13 5/8" 5000# 13 5/8" 5000#

300 psi

7 1/16, 5000

Hydril "GK"

300 psi
Pipe Rams Pipe Rams

Flow Control System - Choke

Level 1 DAPC training, 2005

At Balance-Houston

Slide 44 of 44

Flow Control System - Pump

Flow Control System - Coriolis Meter

1. SET SLIPS AND INFORM ATBALANCE READY TO RAMP DOWN RIG PUMP TO MAKE CONNECTION 2. RAMP DOWN PUMPS AT A SMOOTH CONTROLED RATE AS PER ATBALANCE 3. INFORM ATBALANCE WHEN MUD PUMPS ARE OFFLINE 4. BLEED OFF STANDPIPE PRESSURE, CONFIRM THAT STANDPIPE IS ZERO 5. MAKE CONNECTION 6. INFORM ATBALANCE THAT CONNECTION IS COMPLETE AND READY TO RAMP UP PUMPS

a) IF NO SURVEY - PULL OFF OF SLIPS, START ROTARY TO BREAK GELS IN WELLBORE.

b) IF SURVEY STOP ROTATION 1 MIN CLOSE TO CONNECTION POINT. SET SLIPS. BLEED SPP. MAKE CONNECTION. 7. PUMP 75-100 GPM TO FILL DRILL STRING.

8. ONCE DRILL STRING IS FILLED AND STANDPIPE PRESSURE MATCHS ANNULAS BACKPRESSURE BEING HELD BY ATBALANCE, CONTINUE RAMPING UP PUMPS AT A SMOOTH CONTROLED RATE TO DRILLING RATE AS PER ATBALANCE
9. WAIT FOR RETURNS TO THE SHAKERS, SURVEY COMPLETE THEN RETURN DRILLING

Connections

13.8 ppg Surface Mud Weight Maintaining 14.4 ppg BHP for Stability
Ramp Down Pumps Annular Pressure

BHP Eq ppg

Ramp Up Pumps GPM

Reacting to Unplanned Events

Keep Borehole (BHP) Pressure Constant
At Balance Manages Annular Pressure Driller Manages Annular Friction by Controlling GPM Must have one or the other or combination to maintain constant BHP What we dont need
Annular friction & annular pressure both go up leading to formation breakdown

Losing both annular friction & annular pressure leading to influx or instability

Always Think about what has changed, then communicate & take action

Managed Pressure Drilling Contingencies Procedures

11767 Katy Freeway Suite 1030 Houston, TX 77079 www.atbalance.com This document is intended solely for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential and/or privileged information. Copying, forwarding or distributing material contained in this document by persons or entities other than Atbalance is prohibited. If you have received this document in error, please contact the sender immediately and delete the material from any computer. This document may have been monitored for policy compliance.

INDEX

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

RIG PUMP/S GO DOWN ATBALANCE ANNULAR PUMP GOES DOWN RCD ELEMENT LEAKS LEAK IN FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM ATBALANCE CHOKE PLLUGS ANNULUS PACKS OFF ATBALANCE SYSTEM IS INOPERABLE LOST CIRCULATION INFLUX ATBALANCE STROKE COUNTER NOT FUNCTIONING DRILL STRING WASH OUT OR PART

1. RIG PUMP / S GO DOWN

ELECTRICAL OUTAGE, POP OFF, SWAB LEAKING CAN BE UNCONTROLLED {ELECTRICAL} OR CONTROLLED.
IF CONTROLLED, DRILLER ALERTS ATBALANCE OF RIG PUMP RAMP DOWN JUST LIKE CONNECTION. PUMPS GO DOWN {UNCONTROLLED} ATBALANCE SYSTEM AUTOMATICALLY CLOSES CHOKES AND ADDS ANNULAR PRESSURE IF ATBALANCE SYSTEM DOSENT RESPOND, DRILLER CAN BOTTLE UP {DISCUSS LATER}

2. ATBALANCE ANNULAR PUMP GOES DOWN

ATBALANCE PUMP GOES DOWN {UNCONTROLLED} DURING CONNECTION CHOKES WILL CLOSE TO TRAP PRESSURE OR ADJUST ANNULAR PRESSURE THROUGH DP OR KILL LINE WITH RIG PUMP OR USE RIG PUMP AS ANNULAR PUMP OR USE RIG PUMP WITH TOP DRIVE SCREWED IN, RESUME CIRCULATION

SELECTION OF THE CONTINJENT PROCEDURE TO RESTORE BHP IS BASED ON THE WHERE WE ARE DURING THE CONNECTION AND WHAT IS THE MOST EFFICIENT WAY OF SECURING THE WELLBORE

3. RCD ELEMENT LEAKS

ATBALANCE FLOWOUT WILL DECREASE INDICATING DOWNHOLE LOSSES BUT ELEMENT COULD BE LEAKING.
IF LEAKING, RETURNS LEAK BY ELEMENT & OVER TOP RCH & INTO POLLUTION PAN. WILL SEE DROP IN FLOWOUT ON ATBALANCE FLOW METER WILL SEE FLOW FROM POLLUTION PAN. MAINTAIN BHP IN WELL. DEVELOP STRATEGY FOR WHEN TO CHANGE OUT THE ELEMENT USUALLY A TOOL JOINT IN THE ELEMENT WILL HELP SEAL IT AND ALLOW ATBALNCE TO ADD ANNULAR PRESSURE DURING RIG PUMP RAMP DOWN IN ORDER TO TRAP PRESSURE FOR ELEMENT CHANGE OUT. THE GOAL, IS TO DRILL THE ENTIRE HOLE SECTION WITHOUT CHANGING THE ELEMENT. IF THE ELEMENT LEAKS WHEN DRILLING w/o ANNULAR PRESSURE, BUT WILL NORMALLY HOLD WHEN PRESSURE IS APPLIED, WHICH ALLOWS US TO CHANGE OUT ELEMENT WHILE HOLDING PRESSURE UNDER THE ANNULAR REFER TO ELEMENT CHANGE OUT PROCEDURE.

4. LEAK IN FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM

REACTION BASED ON SIZE OF LEAK.

IF THERE IS AN ENVIROMENTAL RISK SHUTDOWN RIG PUMP IMMEDIATELY AND ATTEMPT TO TRAP PRESSURE BY CLOSING. ORBIT VALVE AFTER CLOSING ORBIT VALVE, ADJUST PRESSURE BY PUMPING DOWN DRILL PIPE. -ORCIRCULATE THROUGH RIG CHOKE MANIFOLD -IF THERE IS NO ENVIROMENTAL RISK RAMP DOWN RIG PUMPS AS PER CONNECTION PROCEDURE AFTER ANNULAR PRESSURE APPLIED, LINEUP RIG CHOKE MANIFOLD TO CHOKES {CLOSED}, CLOSE ORBIT VALVE AND MONITOR ANNULAR PRESSURE ON RIG CHOKE CONSOLE. IF CONSIDERABLE TIME TO REPAIR LEAK, OPEN RIG CHOKES AND CIRCULATE TAKING RETURNS THROUGH RIG CHOKE MANIFOLD

5. ATBALANCE CHOKE PLUGS ALTERNATE CHOKE {B} AND OR {PRC} WILL DYNAMICALLY OPEN TO RELIEVE OVER PRESSURE. CHOKE WILL AUTOMATICALLY CONTROL AT RELEASE PRESSURE WILL NOT CAUSE TOTAL LOSS OF ANY REQUIRED ANNULAR PRESSURE.

OPEN BYPASS LINE AND CONTINUE CIRCULATION WHILE DETERMINING CAUSE OF PLUGGING.
DO NOT CONTINUE DRILLING UNTIL ISSUE RESOLVED. DRILLER SHOULD HAVE ANNULAR PRESSURE ALARMED ON THEIR DATA SCREEN AND IMMEDIATELY SHUTDOWN PUMPS IF ALARM PRESSURE IS REACHED. BASED ON FG OF WINDOW {18.1 PPG} SHOE BREAKDOWN WILL OCCUR IF ANNULAR PRESSURE EXCEEDS {? PSI ECD WITH A 17.8 PPG MW @ ? SHOE}

6a. ANNULUS PACKS OFF

6b. ANNULUS PACKS OFF ANNULAR PRESSURE INCREASES WHEN FLOW OUT DECREASES. IF CHOKES PLUGGING, ANNULAR PRESSURE INCREASE WHEN FLOW OUT DECREASES PICK UP OFF BOTTOM & ROTATE/CIRCULATE. CONSIDER PUMPING / BACKREAMING TO GET ABOVE PROBLEMATIC ZONE

7. ATBALANCE SYSTEM INOPERABLE THE ATBALANCE SYSTEM CANNOT HOLD PRESSURE ON CONNECTIONS. IF POSSIBLE CIRCULATE THROUGH THE ATBALANCE MANIFOLD UNTIL PROBLEM IS FIXED. RAISE MUD WEIGHT AND DRILL AHEAD WITHOUT MPD.

8. LOST CIRCULATION

IF TOTAL LOSSES-----------------SHUT PUMPS DOWN.

KEEP THE HOLE FULL, BY CIRCULATING DYNAMICALLY WITH ATBALANCE. ATBALANCE IS LINED UP FOR RETURNS TO THE SHAKERS. CAN FILL HOLE WITH ATBALANCE ANNULAR PUMP THEN DIVERT TO TT FOR HOLE FILL MONITORING. RIG WILL RAMP PUMPS DOWN LIKE A CONNECTION. ATBALANCE CONTROL SYSTEM WILL BE PUT IN MANUAL OPERATION AND OPEN THE CONTROLING CHOKE 100%. ONCE ATBALANCES ANNULAR PUMP STARTS, ENTER MANUAL SETPOINT 10 PSI ABOVE LINE HYDROSTATIC OF PT5 {WELLHEAD PRESSURE TRANSMITTER} TO FILL HOLE UNTIL RIG IS LINED UP TO TT FOR HOLE FILLING. IF NEED TO FILL HOLE FROM TT, RIG CAN USE KILL LINE AND TAKE RETURNS BACK THROUGH ATBALANCE TO TT.

9. INFLUX
ABILITY TO DETECT SMALLER INFLUX ATBALANCE FLOW IN/OUT DIFFERENTIAL.

IF INFLUX DETECTED, RIG WILL DO HARD SHUT-IN ON ANNULAR TO AVIOD SPACING OF TOOL JOINT. PICK UP DP FOR SHUT IN OPEN RIG CHOKE HCR VALVE RIG CHOKES CLOSED.
NOTIFY ATBALANCE & START TO RAMP DOWN RIG PUMPS ATBALANCE RESET SETPOINT PRESSURE .2 PPG ABOVE DRILLING ECD BUT BELOW FG. SYSTEM WILL ADD ANNULAR PRESSURE AS RIG PUMPS ARE RAMPING DOWN WHEN PUMPS ARE OFF, CLOSE ANNULAR BOP. ATBALANCE OPEN CHOKES, ROUTE RETURNS TO TT. ATBALANCE MONITOR FOR ANNULAR BOP LEAKAGE CIRCULATE OUT INFLUX USING CLIENT / RIG PROCEDURES.

Surface Pressure Pujut-1 12 1/4" Section 0 < Back Pressure < 300 Influx State Influx Rate Influx Duratio n Gain Volume Influx State Within Operating Limits Influx Rate Influx Duratio n Gain Volume ECD Influx State Over Operating Limits None Influx State Drilling 300 < Back Pressure < 800 None Influx State Influx Rate 100 < Back Pressure < 400 None Influx State Influx Rate Continue Connection 0 Influx Duratio n Gain Volume Influx State Influx Rate Apply an additional Influx 100 psi Back Duratio Pressure. n Connection 400 < Back Pressure < 800 None

0 Cntinue Drilling 0

Influx Rate

0 Increase Mud Weight 0

Influx Duration

Stop Drilling Increase the Mud Weight (ECD not Influx Exceeding 16 ppg) Duratio n Gain Volume Influx State Influx Rate Influx Duratio n

No Influx

Gain Volume

Steady

Influx State

Steady

Steady

Steady

< 2 bbls/min

Influx Indicator

< 10 min

Influx Rate Stop Drilling. Pick up off bottom. Influx Apply an additional 100 psi Duration Back Pressure. Gain Volume ECD

< 2 bbls/min

< 2 bbls/min

< 2 bbls/min

< 10 min

By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Evaluate Next Action

< 10 min

< 10 min

By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Evaluate Next Action

< 20 bbls < 15 ppg

< 20 bbls < 15 ppg

Gain Volume

< 20 bbls

Gain Volume

< 20 bbls

Steady

Influx State

Steady

Influx State

Steady

Influx State

Steady

Influx Rate Influx Duratio n Gain Volume ECD

> 2 bbls/min

> 10 min

By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Evaluate Next Action

Influx Rate

> 2 bbls/min

Influx Duration

> 10 min

By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Evaluate Next Action

Influx Rate Influx Duratio n

> 2 bbls/min

> 10 min

Influx Rate By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Influx Evaluate Next Action Duratio n

> 2 bbls/min

> 10 min

By pass MPD Equipment. Shut in BOP. Evaluate Next Action

> 20 bbls > 15 ppg

Gain Volume ECD

> 20 bbls > 15 ppg

Gain Volume

> 20 bbls

Gain Volume

> 20 bbls

Conventional kick
10 500

9.9

450

9.8

400

9.7

350

9.6

300

9.5

250

9.4

200

9.3

150

9.2

100

9.1

50

9
19 :12 19 :19 19 :26 19 :33 19 :40 19 :48 19 :55

ECD setpoint (ppg) Flow In Rigpumps (gpm)

ECD estimation model (ppg) Flow Out Flowmeter (gpm)

Backpressure (psi)

Pressure (psi), Flow (gpm)

ECD (ppg)

Kick Detection - 06 Nov 2008

HPHT KICK

1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

Flow (GPM) Pressure (PSI)

-Rig Pumps brought down to Zero - DAPC pump automatically started - Well shut in flow dead headed against Flow out spike is a reactiion to Choke Backpressure Increase

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
ECD (PPG)

Rig Pumps Shut Down

3: 07 :0 0 3: 08 :4 0 3: 10 :2 0 3: 12 :0 0 3: 13 :4 0 3: 15 :2 0 3: 17 :0 0 3: 18 :4 0 3: 20 :2 0 3: 22 :0 0 3: 23 :4 0 3: 25 :2 0 3: 27 :0 0

Back Pressure Pump1

Choke Back Pressure Pump2

Flow In Control ECD Setpoint

10. LOSS OF STROKE COUNTER

ATBALANCE SYSTEM THINKS RIG PUMP HAS GONE DOWN WHEN PUMP IS STILL REALLY PUMPING. CHOKES COULD AUTOMATICALLY TRY TO CLOSE AND ADD BACK PRESSURE TRYING TO MAINTAIN CBHP LEADING TO AN OVER PRESSURE EVENT. NEED REDUNDANT STROKE COUNTERS-ATBALANCE INSTALLS THEIR OWN ATBALANCE SHOULD IMMEDIATELY GO TO MANUAL MODE IF SPM MALFUNCTIONS ATBALANCE SHOULD USE WITS SPM ON RIG DATA SYSTEM SO EVERYONE IS USING THE SAME STROKE COUNTERS. DRILLER THEN CAN ALARM SPM AND IF THE STROKE COUNTER SUDDENLY GOES TO 0 THE DRILLER SHOULD BRING THE RIG PUMP OFF LINE UNTIL ATBALANCE GET THEIR CHOKES IN THE MANUAL OPEN POSITION.

11. DRILL STRING WASHOUT OR PART

WHEN THE PART OR WASH OCCURS THE B HP WILL DECREASE DUE TO LOSS OF CIRCULATION.
THE AMOUNT OF BHP LOSS WILL DEPEND ON THE DEPTH THAT THE WASH OR PART OCCURRED. DEVELOP A TRIPPING PLAN. (WEIGHT UP MUD ? HOW MUCH MUD WILL BE CIRCULATED). IF THE WASH OR PART IS ABOVE THE FLOAT (NRV) IT WILL BE DIFFICULT TO STRIP OUT OF THE HOLE. MAY BE ABLE TO PUMP BPV TO PROFILE SUB AT THE TOP OF THE HWDP, THEN STRIP-OUT HOLDING ANNULAR PRESSURE. THERE WILL BE SEVERAL SCENARIOS BASED ON THE DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM - CASE BY CASE DECISIONS

Trapping pressure Bottle Up

Close HCR Valve and or Chokes

Use Rig Pump to pressure up Annulus through DP or By pumping through Kill line Can also restore BHP by pumping through Rig Choke Manifold

Tripping

Have to trip with BHP > Pore Pressure w/ SF Clean the Hole Up - Remove Cuttings - Reduces BHP Add Annular Pressure As Needed - Use PWD Displace with Heavier Mud - ~0.3 ppg Remove Annular Pressure as Mud Moves Up Annulus

Slow Pumps Down as Heavier Mud Nears Surface

Strip Holding AP to Negate Swab Effect

Other MPD Considerations

Float Valves in BHA Downhole Vibration Casing Running & Cementing PWD Data Surveys & Downlinking Trip Fill up Volumes Wits & Data on Geo-Services Flushing AB Equipment Temporary Piping Requirements Use of Rig Mud Gas Separator

Pressure Sensor Calibration

Summary
MPD is Only One Tool
It Is In Addition, Not a Replacement All Our Drilling Tools Have to Work Together to be Successful Mud Properties - Solids Control Downhole Tool Reliability - TD with No Trips

Drill String & Rig Reliability

Hole Cleaning, Hole Cleaning, Hole Cleaning Good Drilling Practices Teamwork & Communication & Safety

Success Lies in the Details

Team Success

Execution

Team

Team
Training

Planning

Team