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Loop (Mesh) Analysis (3.2) : Dr. Holbert February 27, 2006

This document discusses loop or mesh analysis for solving circuits. It begins by introducing mesh analysis and its development by applying Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) around loops in a circuit. An example summing circuit is provided and solved using mesh analysis. The key steps of mesh analysis are outlined as identifying loops, assigning currents, applying KVL, and solving the resulting system of equations. Additional examples applying these steps to circuits with independent and dependent sources are presented.

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56 views

Loop (Mesh) Analysis (3.2) : Dr. Holbert February 27, 2006

This document discusses loop or mesh analysis for solving circuits. It begins by introducing mesh analysis and its development by applying Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) around loops in a circuit. An example summing circuit is provided and solved using mesh analysis. The key steps of mesh analysis are outlined as identifying loops, assigning currents, applying KVL, and solving the resulting system of equations. Additional examples applying these steps to circuits with independent and dependent sources are presented.

Uploaded by

karlrod
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

ECE201 Lect-10 1

Loop (Mesh) Analysis (3.2)


Dr. Holbert
February 27, 2006
ECE201 Lect-10 2
Loop Analysis
Nodal analysis was developed by applying
KCL at each non-reference node.
Loop analysis is developed by applying
KVL around loops in the circuit.
Loop (mesh) analysis results in a system of
linear equations which must be solved for
unknown currents.
ECE201 Lect-10 3
Example: A Summing Circuit
The output voltage V of this circuit is
proportional to the sum of the two input
voltages V
1
and V
2
.
This circuit could be useful in audio
applications or in instrumentation.
The output of this circuit would probably be
connected to an amplifier.
ECE201 Lect-10 4
Summing Circuit
Solution: V
out
= (V
1
+ V
2
)/3
+

V
out

1kO
1kO
1kO
V
1

V
2

+

+

ECE201 Lect-10 5
Steps of Mesh Analysis
1. Identify mesh (loops).
2. Assign a current to each mesh.
3. Apply KVL around each loop to get an
equation in terms of the loop currents.
4. Solve the resulting system of linear
equations.
ECE201 Lect-10 6
Mesh 2
1kO
1kO
1kO
Identifying the Meshes
V
1

V
2

Mesh 1
+

+

ECE201 Lect-10 7
Steps of Mesh Analysis
1. Identify mesh (loops).
2. Assign a current to each mesh.
3. Apply KVL around each loop to get an
equation in terms of the loop currents.
4. Solve the resulting system of linear
equations.
ECE201 Lect-10 8
1kO
1kO
1kO
Assigning Mesh Currents
V
1

V
2

I
1
I
2

+

+

ECE201 Lect-10 9
Steps of Mesh Analysis
1. Identify mesh (loops).
2. Assign a current to each mesh.
3. Apply KVL around each loop to get an
equation in terms of the loop currents.
4. Solve the resulting system of linear
equations.
ECE201 Lect-10 10
Voltages from Mesh Currents
R
I
1

+
V
R

V
R
= I
1
R
R
I
1

+
V
R

I
2

V
R
= (I
1
-

I
2
) R
ECE201 Lect-10 11
KVL Around Mesh 1
-V
1
+ I
1
1kO + (I
1
- I
2
) 1kO = 0
I
1
1kO + (I
1
- I
2
) 1kO = V
1

1kO
1kO
1kO
V
1

V
2

I
1
I
2

+

+

ECE201 Lect-10 12
KVL Around Mesh 2
(I
2
- I
1
) 1kO + I
2
1kO + V
2
= 0
(I
2
- I
1
) 1kO + I
2
1kO = -V
2

1kO
1kO
1kO
V
1

V
2

I
1
I
2

+

+

ECE201 Lect-10 13
Steps of Mesh Analysis
1. Identify mesh (loops).
2. Assign a current to each mesh.
3. Apply KVL around each loop to get an
equation in terms of the loop currents.
4. Solve the resulting system of linear
equations.
ECE201 Lect-10 14
Matrix Notation
The two equations can be combined into a
single matrix/vector equation.
(

=
(

O + O O
O O + O
2
1
2
1
k 1 k 1 k 1
k 1 k 1 k 1
V
V
I
I
ECE201 Lect-10 15
Solving the Equations
Let: V
1
= 7V and V
2
= 4V
Results:
I
1
= 3.33 mA
I
2
= -0.33 mA
Finally
V
out
= (I
1
- I
2
) 1kO = 3.66V
ECE201 Lect-10 16
Another Example
1kO
2kO
2kO
12V 4mA
2mA
I
0

+

ECE201 Lect-10 17
Mesh 2
Mesh 3
Mesh 1
1. Identify Meshes
1kO
2kO
2kO
12V 4mA
2mA
I
0

+

ECE201 Lect-10 18
2. Assign Mesh Currents
I
1
I
2

I
3

1kO
2kO
2kO
12V 4mA
2mA
I
0

+

ECE201 Lect-10 19
Current Sources
The current sources in this circuit will have
whatever voltage is necessary to make the
current correct.
We cant use KVL around the loop because
we dont know the voltage.
What to do?
ECE201 Lect-10 20
Current Sources
The 4mA current source sets I
2
:
I
2
= -4 mA
The 2mA current source sets a constraint on
I
1
and I
3
:
I
1
- I
3
= 2 mA
We have two equations and three
unknowns. Where is the third equation?
ECE201 Lect-10 21
1kO
2kO
2kO
12V 4mA
2mA
I
0

I
1
I
2

I
3

The
Supermesh
surrounds
this source!
The
Supermesh
does not
include this
source!
+

ECE201 Lect-10 22
KVL Around the Supermesh
-12V + I
3
2kO + (I
3
- I
2
)1kO + (I
1
- I
2
)2kO = 0

I
3
2kO + (I
3
- I
2
)1kO + (I
1
- I
2
)2kO = 12V
ECE201 Lect-10 23
Matrix Notation
The three equations can be combined into a
single matrix/vector equation.
(
(
(

=
(
(
(

(
(
(

O + O O O O

V 12
mA 2
mA 4
1k 2k 2k 1k 2k
1 0 1
0 1 0
3
2
1
I
I
I
ECE201 Lect-10 24
Solve Using MATLAB
>> A = [0 1 0; 1 0 -1;
2e3 -1e3-2e3 2e3+1e3];
>> v = [-4e-3; 2e-3; 12];
>> i = inv(A)*v
i = 0.0012
-0.0040
-0.0008
ECE201 Lect-10 25
Solution
I
1
= 1.2 mA
I
2
= -4 mA
I
3
= -0.8 mA

I
0
= I
1
- I
2
= 5.2 mA
ECE201 Lect-10 26
Class Example
Learning Extension E3.8
Learning Extension E3.9
Learning Extension E3.11

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