Submitted by:

Pooja (13609139)
Gaurav Singh Rana
(13609071)
ENABLING GREEN IT & PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY UPDATES
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ENABLING GREEN IT & PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY UPDATES
INTRODUCTION TO GREEN IT
Green IT refers to the idea that IT organizations can and should implement
practices that are friendly to the environment.
The goals of Green IT are to reduce the use of hazardous materials,
maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote the
recyclability.
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ISSUES RELATED
Servers remain plugged in for days and nights.
Carbon dioxide generated in the cooling process.
Amount of electricity needed to give power and cool the data center makes it
too costly for the IT organizations.


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METHODS TO REDUCE THE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES
Extended replacement cycles - Replacing computers on a four-year cycle
instead of a three-year cycle reduces equipment turnover each year and the
extensive manufacturing energy requirements for replacement equipment.

Virtualizing Hardware - Virtualization allows a single powerful server to host
multiple virtual machines. This process reduces hardware and consumes far
less electricity than the original physical devices required for each systems
operation.

Telework and telecommuting - Virtualized services, such as faxing and voice
mail routed to an e-mail inbox, shared workspace for online meetings, can
provide remote workers the full experience of in-office participation without
the commute to work or the air conditioning, furniture, and office space needed
at a central work site.



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METHODS TO REDUCE THE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES

Energy tax credits - Significant tax savings are possible for enterprises that take
advantage of Federal and state incentives for reduced energy consumption,
alternative energy, and reduced hazardous materials consumption. Many
different laws and regulations provide guidance and mandates for green
opportunities:
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA 2009)




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METHODS TO REDUCE THE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES
ENERGY STAR - The ENERGY STAR certification program is a government-
sponsored program designed to encourage the development of energy efficient
products in the U.S. Energy efficiency translates directly into reduced energy
costs, but also for reduced water consumption and greenhouse gas emission
during energy production.

Selecting Green Hardware - In addition to buying hardware that conforms to
ENERGY STAR standards, organization can reduce power consumption.
Consolidation of office equipment is a ready example of this potential, where a
single multifunction device can replace printer, scanner, fax, and copier devices
with one that needs only a single set of consumables and employs a single
power supply for all functions.
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METHODS TO REDUCE THE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES
Configuring Green Settings - Enterprise configuration of power saving options
can ensure that computing power is available when needed, and minimized
when unused or idle. This approach is similar to setting air conditioning
systems to cool during office hours and to warmer temperatures overnight to
conserve power in larger buildings. Individual workstations can be configured
to enter reduced-power mode when idle or to shut off entirely at the end of the
workday.


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BENEFITS OF GREEN IT
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Reduced carbon and hazardous gas emission.
Reduced energy costs.
Improved financial performance.
Positive publicity.
Improved environmental conditions.

REVIEWING HARDWARE UPDATE
STRATEGY
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Computing component devaluate
Older Hardware may not be able to run modern operating system.
Support for older hardware no longer available
Lack of knowledge in latest technology by entry level staff

REPLACEMENT CYLES
Full replacement cycle
Partial or staged replacement cycle
Ridding the cutting edge
Employing trickle down replacement
Relying on surplus technology
Using technology as award
Replacing technology in an ad-hoc manner
Full Replacement Cycle
Staged Replacement
Cycle
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All system replaced in same fiscal
year typically linked to warranty
Strategy useful in small enterprise
and highly specialized environment
Drawbacks
Replacement extend beyond three
or four years makes enterprise
systems outdated
Extending beyond warranty: parts
are less available after four years
This strategy primarily budgetary
and staff related.


Requires less variable budget and
staff requirement
Percentage of systems are replaced
each year.
For example:-if systems have a
four-year warranty, 25 percent of
systems should be replaced every
year in order to ensure that all
systems in the enterprise are under
warranty. If systems have a three-
year warranty, 33 percent of
systems should be replaced every
year.
Ridding the cutting
edge Employing trickle down
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Replace systems frequently so that
users have the benefit of new
technology.

Drawbacks
User disruption
Updating of system before new
version


In the trickle-down replacement
strategy, you identify key personnel
or functions and replace the
systems associated with them first.
You then use the displaced systems
to replace other systems, and this
process continues until you remove
the oldest systems from service.
To upgrade executive and
management systems first (tier 1),
transfer old tier-1 systems to full-
time employees (tier 2), and
transfer old tier-2 systems to part-
time employees (tier 3).
This strategy maximizes utilization
against cost by placing the newest,
most powerful systems
Using technology as
award
Relying on surplus
technology
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Some organizations use technology
as a reward, replacing systems
based on an employees job
performance, position, or status.
This reward strategy is normally
seen only in immature enterprises,
where a single individual is
responsible for purchasing and
deploying technology without
being subject to IT governance
requirements
Drawbacks
As it has no real benefit, you
should avoid this strategy.

Replacing technology in a random
or ad-hoc (because of a new project
or unplanned sudden development)

Devices are acquired or replaced
based on individual project or
departmental-level events and may
be retained well past warranty
periods and expected equipment
life cycles.

Drawbacks
It creates significant complexity
due to the large variety of
individual devices types and places
barriers.
PLANNING FOR SUB-SYSTEM UPDATES
Upgrading components
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Some software products use system
hardware information as part of
their copy protection and
registration process.
Configuration settings may have to
be adjusted both on the system
itself and in applications running
on that system.
New device drivers may need to be
installed, and those drivers may
conflict with other applications
Firmware refers to the internal
software (also called the instruction
set) that a device uses for
operation. Firmware can reside in
read-only memory
You can also find firmware in
switches, routers, wireless access
points, and other network
infrastructure devices
feasible to apply firmware updates
on a regular cycle, such as
quarterly or yearly,
Updating Firmware
Updating Device driver
Planning Software
updates
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Software that facilitates the
operation of hardware devices is
referred to as a device driver.
This software allows other
software programs that operate at a
higher level, such as operating
systems
Drivers are updated on a fairly
regular basis by hardware vendors,
and these updates, like firmware
updates, fix bugs and add new
features.
You must update software regularly
to ensure the confidentiality,
integrity, and availability of
information resources.
Understanding need for
testing
Testing is performed in a test
network, which is a smaller-
scale replica of the enterprise
that is comprised of the same
software and configuration
settings being used in the
production environment.

Exploring Deployment Strategies
Using a standard base
Image-based
deployment
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a standard software load consisting
of the operating system, security
software, and standard required
utilities or applications is used for
all systems.
This type of deployment requires
detailed planning, but allows you
to use the same mechanism for
initial deployment as well as later
updates. Because Software
installation can be group-based, it
is highly flexible.
Images may contain fully
configured operating systems and
all necessary software applications,
or may consist of standard loads
that are modified as needed after
deployment.
You can deploy images over a
network connection, provided that
it has sufficient bandwidth and the
threat of malware infection is low,
such as in a nursery or in a well-
defended enterprise.
Considering virtualized
solutions
Planning for software
maintenance
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Application and desktop
virtualization solutions allow the
automatic provisioning of system,
service, and application suites
based on specific assignment.
updated packages replacing older
packages in an application
virtualization service will be
automatically available to users
upon the next access without
requiring update to the end-user
device.
In a production environment,
software must be maintained
beyond the initial load. New
vulnerabilities are discovered
almost daily, and threats and
exploits evolve continuously,
requiring both periodic and
emergency updates to installed
software.
It is important not only to first
conduct the upgrade in a test
environment, but also to ensure
that adequate backups are
performed prior to deploying the
upgrade in the production
environment in case a rollback is
necessary.
Thank you
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