A Play Therapists Guide to
Safe Expressions through
Rhythm, Movement and Art
Flossie Ierardi, MM, MT-BC, LPC
Mark Bottos, MCAT, R-DMT
Michele Rattigan, MA, ATR-BC, NCC, LPC
Psychology Safety
Found in work group literature in addition to
clinical psychology literature
Describes individuals perceptions about the
consequences of interpersonal risk in their
work environment.
Complementary to trust: willingness of a
party to be vulnerable to the actions of
another
Kramer, R. M., & Cook, K. S. (Eds.). (2004).
Trust and distrust in organizations: Dilemmas
and approaches. New York, NY: Russell Sage
Foundation
Psychological Safety
Implications for:
Therapeutic boundaries
Structure and predictability
Therapeutic competence
Does not imply:
A cozy environment
Absence of problems
Safety in Therapy
Neurobiology of
Trauma
Music and movement activities that
provide patterned, repetitive,
rhythmic stimulation of the brainstem
are very successful in helping
modulate brainstem dysregulation.
Perry, B. D. (2006), Applying principles of
neurodevelopment to clinical work with maltreated and
traumatized children: the neurosequential model of
therapeutics. In N.B Webb (Ed.), Working with traumatized
youth in child welfare (pp. 27-52). New York, NY: Guilford
Press
Neurobiology of
Trauma
speechless terror
During recall of a traumatic event, language
areas of the brain shut down
Non-verbal visual and sensory-emotional
areas of he brain remain active
Bridging the Black Hole of Trauma: The
evolutionary significance of the Arts. Sandra
Bloom, MD
http://www.sanctuaryweb.com/PDFs_new/Bloom
%20Bridging%20the%20black%20hole%20of
%20trauma.pdf
Dance/Movement
Therapy
Based on the empirically
supported premise that the body,
mind and spirit are
interconnected, the American
Dance Therapy Association
defines dance/movement therapy
as the psychotherapeutic use of
movement to further the
emotional, cognitive, physical and
Dance/Movement
Therapy
Dance/movement therapy focuses on
movement behavior as it emerges in the
therapeutic relationship. Expressive,
communicative, and adaptive behaviors are
all considered for group and individual
treatment.
Body movement, as the core component of
dance, simultaneously provides the means
of assessment and the mode of intervention
for dance/movement therapy.
Creating a Safe
Space
Space usage: Personal, conversational, and
public space.
Use of touch: who needs it?, for what?, and is
it appropriate?
Rules or limits: i.e. everyone in the group must
move to their ability to participate.(no
audiences)
Assessing the group energy level: when to
encourage development and when to
modulate for closure or safety purposes.
Creating a Safe
Space
A predictable, clear and safe environment is
helpful to encourage self-expression.
Providing boundaries/structure
through forms/formations support
this type of environment.
Forms to encourage
expression
The circle is a classic shape to explore
movement expression.
Dividing the room into quadrants, with each
space having a movement concept or
characteristic gives children the freedom to
move through the space at their own time.
Creating a line (imaginary or real) to use as a
continuum, traveling from one movement quality
to its opposing quality. (i.e. fast to slow)