Chapter 2 Problems

ECET 214
Prof. Park
NJIT

Problem 1
Which of the following is NOT produced
when two sine waves are combined
through a nonlinear device?
a. Components of each of the two original
frequencies
b. Components at the sum and difference
frequencies
c. Harmonics of the two original frequencies
d. ac level

Problem 2
Which of the following is considered
a nonlinear device?
a. Resistor
b. Capacitor
c. Potentiometer
d. Transistor

Problem 3
Which of the following modulation
techniques is the most economical?
a. High-level
b. Low-level
c. Medium-level
d. Ultra low-level

Problem 4
If the % modulation of an AM
transmitter is 60% and the unmodulated
antenna current is 10 A, what is the
modulated current?
a. 11 A
b. 14 A
c. 5 A
d. 13 A

Problem 5
If the carrier transmits 12 kW, what
is the modulated power from Problem
4?
a. 12 kW
b. 10 kW
c. 14 kW
d. 16 kW

Problem 6
The reason modulation is used in electronic
communication is:
a. Since all intelligence signals occur at approximately
the same frequency, there would be catastrophic
interference problems if these frequencies were used.
b. Audio frequency radio waves do not propagate long
distances very reliably.
c. Efficient transmission and reception of radio waves
are not possible unless extremely large antennas are
used.
d. All of the above.

Problem 7
Which of the following is not created
by nonlinear mixing?
a. The original two frequencies
b. Harmonics of the sum and difference
frequencies
c. The sum and difference of the two original
frequencies
d. dc (0 Hz)

Problem 8
A 2 kHz sinewave is mixed with a 1.5
MHz carrier sinewave through a
nonlinear device. Which frequency is not
present in the output signal?
a. 3 MHz
b. 1.502 MHz
c. 3.004 MHz
d. 1.498 MHz

Problem 9
A 2.5 MHz carrier is modulated by a music
signal that has frequency components
ranging from 100 Hz to 5 kHz. What is the
range of frequencies generated for the upper
sideband?
a. 2.5 MHz to 2.505 MHz
b. 2.495 MHz to 2.505 MHz
c. 2.5001 MHz to 2.505 MHz
d. 2.495 MHz to 2.499 MHz

Problem 10
Overmodulation:
a. results when the modulation index exceeds
unity.
b. is undesirable because it produces
sideband splatter.
c. causes the AM signal to become distorted
so that the receiver cannot produce a clean
replica of the original intelligence signal.
d. all of the above.

Problem 11
In Figure 2-1, A is 220
mVp-p and B is 350
mVp-p. The percent
modulation of the AM
signal is:
a. 62.9%
b. 1.59%
c. 22.8%
d. 4.38%

Problem 12
In Figure 2-1, Ei is
530 mV peak and Ec
is 780 mV peak. The
percent modulation
of the AM signal is:
a. 67.9%
b. 32.1%
c. 19.1%
d. 14.7%

Problem 13
In Figure 2-1, A is
1.5Vp-p and B is
3.3Vp-p. If the carrier
signal is set at 1.2V
peak, the intelligence
signal is:
a. 3.2 V peak
b. 0.55 V peak
c. 0.9 V peak
d. 0.45 V peak

Problem 14
The total output power of an AM
transmitter that is being operated at
50% modulation is measured to be 1800
watts. What is the carrier power?
a. 1440 watts
b. 1600 watts
c. 900 watts
d. 2025 watts

Problem 15
A 250W carrier is to be modulated at
an 85% modulation level. What is the
total transmitted power?
a. 340.3 watts
b. 183.7 watts
c. 430.6 watts
d. 356.3 watts

Problem 16
An AM broadcast station operates at its
maximum allowed output power of 80W
at a percent modulation of 60%. What is
the upper sideband power?
a. 6.1 watts
b. 18.47 watts
c. 9.23 watts
d. 12.2 watts

Problem 17
The antenna current of an AM transmitter
is 5A when it is not modulated. It increases
to 6A when it is modulated. Its modulation
index expressed as a percentage is:
a. 83.3%
b. 63.2%
c. 69.4%
d. 93.8%

Problem 18
An intelligence signal is amplified by a 65%
efficient amplifier before being combined with a
250W carrier to generate an AM signal. If it is
desired to operate at 100% modulation, what
must be the dc input power to the final
intelligence signal amplifier?
a. 384.6W
b. 192.3W
c. 162.5W
d. 83.3W

Problem 19
High-level modulation is used:
a. when the intelligence signal is added to the
carrier at the last possible point before the
transmitting antenna.
b. in high-power applications such as standard
radio broadcasting.
c. when the transmitter must be made as
power efficient as possible.
d. all of the above.

Problem 20
The process of neutralization is:
a. placing a negative feedback capacitor in an RF
amplifier to reduce the tendency for self-oscillation.
b. a technique for filtering out all of the undesired
frequencies produced by mixing action in a nonlinear
amplifier except for the carrier, sum, and difference
frequencies.
c. the process of adjusting the tank circuit so that the
transmitter produces the proper output frequency.
d. the process of adjusting the percent modulation to
its desired level in a modulator stage.

Problem 21
The transmitter scheme in Figure 2-2 is set up for:
a. high-level modulation.
b. low-level modulation.
c. medium-level modulation.

Problem 22
In Figure 2-2, the audio amplifier and modulator stages:
a. are biased Class A or B for low distortion.
b. are biased Class A or B for high power efficiency.
c. are biased Class C for good mixing action.
d. are biased Class C for high power efficiency.

Problem 23
In Figure 2-2, which stages contain "tuned" amplifiers?
a. stages b and c
b. stages e and f
c. stages c and f
d. stages b and f

Problem 24
In Figure 2-2, the AM waveform is created in:
a. stage b
b. stage c
c. stage e
d. stage f

Problem 25
The transmitter scheme in Figure 2-3 is set up for:
a. high-level modulation.
b. low-level modulation.
c. medium-level modulation.

Problem 26
In Figure 2-3, which stages contain tuned amplifiers?
a. stages b, c, and d
b. stages b and f
c. stages c and f
d. stages e and f

Problem 27
In Figure 2-3, the AM waveform is created in:
a. stage b.
b. stage c.
c. stage d.
d. stage f.

Problem 28
In Figure 2-3, which stages use linear amplification?
a. stages b, c, and d
b. stages c, d, and f
c. stages b and f
d. stages b and c

Problem 29
The O.T.A. is:
a. a special type of op amp used to create an
AM signal.
b. an operational transconductance
amplifier.
c. a linear integrated circuit that creates AM
with an absolute minimum of design
considerations.
d. all of the above.

Problem 30
The last stage of intelligence
amplification before mixing with the
carrier occurs in:
a. the modulator.
b. the modulated amplifier.
c. the buffer.
d. the RF linear amplifier.

Problem 31
In Figure 2-4a, the trapezoidal display indicates:
a. improper bias or low carrier signal power.
b. proper in-phase trapezoidal pattern for typical AM
signal.
c. poor linearity of the modulator.
d. lack of an intelligence signal.

Problem 32
In Figure 2-4b, the trapezoidal display indicates:
a. improper bias or low carrier signal power.
b. proper in-phase trapezoidal pattern for typical AM
signal.
c. poor linearity of the modulator.
d. lack of an intelligence signal.

Problem 33
In Figure 2-4c, the trapezoidal display indicates:
a. improper bias or low carrier signal power.
b. proper in-phase trapezoidal pattern for typical AM
signal.
c. poor linearity of the modulator.
d. lack of an intelligence signal.

Problem 34
In Figure 2-4d, the trapezoidal display indicates:
a. improper bias or low carrier signal power.
b. proper in-phase trapezoidal pattern for typical AM
signal.
c. poor linearity of the modulator
d. lack of an intelligence signal.

Problem 35
In Figure 2-5, the carrier
frequency is shown as being
50.003 MHz. The frequencies
of the spurs on either side of
the carrier are:
a. approximately 24 kHz away
from the carrier.
b. 48.0034 MHz and 52.0034
MHz.
c. approximately 15 dB below
the carrier level.
d. approximately 14 dB above
the noise floor.
e. none of the above.

Problem 36
The equation defining the AM envelope
is
a. e =(Ec +Ei sin it) sin it
b. e = Ec sin ct
c. e = Ei sin it + sin ct
d. e = Ec sin ct e = Ei sin it
e. none of the above

Problem 37
The result of the trigonometric identity (sin
x)( sin y) is
a. cos(x-y) cos(x+y)
b. 0.5 cos(x-y) + cos(x+y)
c. 0.5 cos(x-y) + 0.5cos(x+y)
d. 0.5 cos(x-y) 0.5 cos(x+y)
e. none of the above

Problem 38
Determine the side frequency voltage if
the modulation index is 70% and the
carrier amplitude is 50V.
a. 25
b. 17.5
c. 35
d. 50
e. none of the above

Problem 39
Determine the
frequency of the
AM carrier shown in
Figure 2-6.
a. 1 MHz
b. 10 kHz
c. 10 MHz
d. none of the above

Problem 40
The typical output impedance for an
RF transmitter is
a. 75
b. 50
c. 8
d. 16
e. none of the above