ARANYA LOWCOST
HOUSING
INDORE
CASE STUDY FACTS
Location - 6km from the
centre of Indore
city, M.P.
Client- Indore
Development Authority
Principal Architect Balkrishna Doshi
Project Associate - Mr.
Himanshu Parikh
Structural Engineer - M/s
Stein Doshi & Bhalla, New
Delhi
Project Engineers
-Environmental
Engineering
Consultants, Bombay
Total Built-up Area
-100,000 m2
Project Cost - Rs. 100
Million
PRE-DESIGN STAGE
ANALYSIS
Objectives
:
To improve and upgrade the existing slum area
To provide serviced sites for new housing
developments instead of building complete
houses.
To provide for 6,500 residential plots ranging in
size from 35m2 for
EWS to 475m2 for high income groups
Financial Aspects:
The idea was to mix some middle income plots
with EWS plots to use the profits to raise capital
towards development of local trades.
Funding 100% public sources.
Local sources
National
Sources
OBJECTI
VES
The general objectives of Aranya were to:
Create a township with a sense of continuity
and fundamental
values of security in a good living environment.
Achieve a community character by establishing
harmony between the built environment and the
people.
Create a balanced community of various socioeconomic groups to evolve a framework through
design.
EVOLUTION OF
MASTER PLAN
Plan proposed
by IDA
Later stage of development
to with rectified
orientation to minimize
heat gain and increase
Initial stage of proposed
plan with distributed
open spaces and street
hierarchy
Proposed
master plan
DISTRIBUTION OF AMENITIES
Community facilities
grouped in local sub
centers.
Formal organization
Community amenities
distributed evenly
Informality created
Accessibility improved
Lower level community
facilities
organized in green
spaces
Even distribution
Maintains link with
ACCESS TO AMMENITIES
( in minutes)
THE NEIGHBOURHOOD
CONCEPT
Concept
Slum development
project
Inspiration from
existing slum
settlements in Indore
Characteristics
Mixed and multiple
land use
Formation of small
neighborhoods and
houses extending
to the outdoors.
Small shops
operating within
congested areas.
Trees planted in
SITE ANALYSIS
Urban Indore city 214 sq.
km.
Major development along
Delhi Mumbai highway
running through the city in
the north south direction
Surroundings: - DelhiMumbai
highway on the east
- Developing industrial
areas on the
north, south and west.
- Internal city roads to the
north,
south and west.
Approach through the
Delhi
Mumbai highway
Site selection criteria:
Existing
features:
1.85 hectares
allotted for
existing light
industries.
Geographical
features:
Flat site
A natural water
channel running
diagonally across the
SW corner.
Top strata of the
black cotton soil 2-2.5
m thick.
Gradually sloping
(Gradient : 1:110
Township
level:
The aim was to create a central spine. The master
plan was informal with interlinked space of cultural
context, maintenance of hierarchy of road, open
spaces, a central location of basic community
services.
The central spine was a focus of the converging six
sectors
Six Sector level:
This enabled segregation of pedestrian and vehicular
movement, good distribution of built and unbuilt
spaces by promoting interactive land use.
ZONING I
Resident
commerc
ZONING II
DISTRIBUTION OF PLOTS
ACCORDING TO INCOME GROUPS
Lower income and economically weaker
sections of the society
EWS
65%
LIG
11%
MIG
14%
uniformly
distributed
uniformly
distributed
close to artery
HIERARCHY OF
ROADS
60
m
30
m
12
m
15
m
9.5
m
4.5
ROADS
Segregation of
vehicular and
pedestrian traffic
Offsets break visual
monotony
Hierarchy is based
on the volume of
the traffic and
activities
The roads suit
human scale
Use of cul-de-sacs
to avoid
traffic
CIRCULATION AND
LINKAGES
For clear segregation of
vehicular and
pedestrian traffic:
Vehicular access in the
form rectilinear and
formal roads in the
hierarchy of 4.5m wide
to 15m wide road draw
the vehicles outwardly.
Pedestrian access in
the form of
informal
interlinked open spaces
draws people inwardly.
Vehicular roads
Informal pedestrian
pathways and open
HIERARCHY OF OPEN
SPACES
Interlinked informal spaces
Continuous system of open
spaces is provided
Staggered roads create
spaces for
community congregation
A single large open space
is avoided
Access to open spaces
LAND USE DISTRIBUTION
Ro
ads
26
%
Open
Spaces
9%
Commun
ity
&Com
mercial
facilities
Resid
enti
al
Spac
e
58%
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES
Most of the plots small in size and clustered in low
rise blocks
Longer side faade oriented in the north-south axis
to reduce the solar
radiation on the building.
Each house has minimum exposure to wall surface
and a common wall.
The north south
orientation of
clusters
The building height to
street width ratio is
such that streets are
shaded except when the
sun is overhead
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES
The two openings on the north and south permit
light and cross
ventilation.
Courtyards within the houses, cul-de-sacs, public
squares and small
activity areas shaded adequately by adjacent
buildings.
Use of locally available building materials.
Topography used for orientation of major
infrastructure network and
spatial organization.
Plan showing varied houses with backyards
(private open spaces)
SITE AND SERVICE SCHEME
OF DESIGN
In this scheme services
like water tap, toilets
and street lights and a
plinth are provided
around which houses
can have different
configurations.
Longer side of a block
of row house was
oriented north south
to reduce solar
radiation
Provision of vertical
expansions
Housing was seen
more as a
process than a product
SERVICES
SITE AND SERVICE APPROACH
Cost-effective
Progressive development of
facilities.
Houses built by the people
themselves to
suit their needs.
Each family provided with a
plot having a
water tank,
sewerage connection, paved
access with street lighting,
storm water drainage
Service cores - key to this site
and
service scheme.
- nuclei around which
houses were built.
Houses were clustered in
groups of 10.
Septic tank provided for every
2 clusters.
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Major alternatives:
- Sewer-less sanitation.
-Conventional
Th soil being
sewerage
system.
e
so impermeable
dept
bla
il
of
2mh,
conventio
sewer
ck was age
nal
syst
adopted. aft
thorou
em
Designe ertopography
gh
naturally
d
slopes
analysis NW
towards
of
Higher income groups,
using more water were
located at high ground
Low toincome
level
generate large
flow..
less
er waterlocated
groups,
at
ground
lower
using
level
This
in 10resulted
15%
savings.
TREATMENT
SYSTEM
For conveyance system, a wet well and lift station was
constructed near the final manhole.
- located on the NW corner
Oxidation
pond
of the site.
- removes biological oxygen
- simple in operation
- effluent suitable for
disposal
STORM WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Very efficient and facilitates healthy and clean living.
Combination of underground and surface drainage
system.
Underground used for wider roads
Surface drainage used for internal roads
ELECTRICITY
High income and middle-income groups were provided
with overhead cables.
Economically Weaker Sections were provided with
underground cables
CONSTRUCTION
DETAILS
Foundation: Under rimmed piles in concrete, cast in
situ locally was used
as the soil was black cotton soil.
Structural members: Reinforced concrete plinth
beams, load bearing brick walls, reinforced
concrete slabs.
Exterior finishes: Bright colour in the faade,
railing, grills and cornices
seen in the old houses of Indore used in some
houses in the township.
Residents were free to use any material like brick
or stone that were
locally available
LANDSC
Landscape and green areas include flowering and
APE
shade giving trees
with thick ground cover,
including lantana, an ever-green tree , that
requires little maintenance.
Trees include casuarinas, bottle brush and
CONCLUSION
Consistency in every
aspect
Staggered roads,
prevent thorough
traffic, reduce
speed of vehicles
Climate responsive
and site responsive
It understands the traditional
Indian habits
Planning and design is in
accordance with the prevailing
socio-economic and
technological conditions
Cost effective construction
materials and techniques have
been adopted
Planning is whole to part
i.e. From
township level to dwelling unit
level.
Accessibility has been an
essential factor for
designing.
PRESENTE
D BY:
Utkarsh gupta
9th sem
