GRID COMPUTING

GRID COMPUTING

SEMINAR ON 28TH AUG. 2009

AT NIIT SURAT
 GRID COMPUTING

GRIDS IN BUILDING
IT A GRID
HISTORY

GRID-
POWERED
PROJECTS

GRIDS AND
WHAT IS CLOUDS:
GRID WHAT'S IN A WHO WILL PAY
COMPUTING NAME? IDEAS FOR GRID
BEHIND COMPUTING?
GRID
GRID COMPUTING

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GRID COMPUTING
WHAT IS GRID COMPUTING?

 Several Million Computers From All Over The World, And Owned By Thousands Of Different People.
They Include Desktops, Laptops, Supercomputers, Data Vaults, And Instruments Like
Mobile Phones.

 Now Imagine That All Of These Computers Can Be Connected To Form A Single,
Huge And Super-powerful Computer!
This Huge, Sprawling, Global Computer Is What Many People Dream "The Grid" Will Be.

 "The Grid" Takes Its Name From An Analogy With The Electrical "Power Grid".
The Idea Was That Accessing Computer Power From A Computer Grid Would Be As Simple As
Accessing Electrical Power From An Electrical Grid".

The Grid

You would never worry about where the computer power you are using comes from, if it is from a supercomputer in Germany, a
computer farm in India or a laptop in New Zealand. You simply know that when you plug your computer in to the Internet, it will get
the computer power you need to do the job.
The infrastructure that makes this possible is called "the Grid". It links together computing resources such as PCs, workstations,
servers, storage elements, and provides the mechanism needed to access them.
The Grid is be pervasive: remote computing resources would be accessible from different platforms, including laptops, PDAs and
mobile phones, and you will simply access the Grid through your web browser.
 GRID COMPUTING

GRIDS IN IT HISTORY
Information technology is constantly on the move.
Many of the ideas behind grid computing are not new. For example:
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GRID COMPUTING

GRIDS AND CLOUDS: WHAT'S IN A NAME?

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 Grids And Clouds Are Much The Same:

Both Grids And Clouds Have Adopted The Concept Of IT “As A Service,”
Although Grids Are More Likely To Offer Free Access To Shared Resources, While Clouds Have A “Pay-as-you-go”
Approach.
 
 Grids And Clouds Are Also Very Different:

Where Grid Technology Focuses On Helping Different Groups To Share Access To Their Shared Resources,
Cloud Computing Aims To Provide It Services To Businesses “On Demand”.
GRID COMPUTING

FIVE BIG IDEAS: RESOURCE SHARING:

Global sharing is the
very essence of grid
computing.
 

OPEN STANDARDS: Interoperability SECURE ACCESS:

between different grids is a big goal, Trust between resource providers
and is driven forward by the adoption and users is essential, especially
of open standards for grid when they don't know each other.
development, making it possible for Sharing resources conflicts with
everyone can contribute constructively security policies in many individual
to grid development. Standardization computer centers, and on individual
also encourages industry to invest in PCs, so getting grid security right is
developing commercial grid services crucial.
and infrastructure.  

THE DEATH OF
DISTANCE: RESOURCE USE:
you should be able to Efficient, balanced use
access to computer of computing
resources from resources is essential.
whereever you are.  
 
GRID COMPUTING

BUILDING A GRID
THE ARCHITECTURE
Want to set up a grid?
Just like civil engineers building a bridge, software engineers
There are three things you can't do without...building a grid must specify an overall design before they
start work.
This design is called the grid architecture and identifies the
fundamental components of a grid's purpose and function.

THE HARDWARE
A grid depends on underlying hardware: without computers
and networks, you can't have a grid!

''GRIDIFYING'' YOUR APPLICATION

An application that ordinarily runs on a stand-alone PC must be
"gridified" before it can run on a grid.
Just like "webifying" applications to run on a web browser, grid users
need to "gridify" their applications to run on a grid.
"Gridification" means configure applications for grid-enabled
software.

THE MIDDLEWARE
Middleware is the "glue" that makes grid computing possible.
Middleware coordinates all the different grid resources to create a
coherent whole.
Middleware is conceptually "in the middle" of operating systems
software (like Windows or Linux) and applications software (like a
weather forecasting programme).
 E GEE E nabl ing Gri ds for E -

Grid for UK
s ci enc e
E GE E i s the l arges t mu l ti -d is ci pl inary grid
infras truc t ure in the worl d, bringing together
more than 120 organi zati ons to p rovid e sc i enti fic
c om pu t ing res ou rc es to t he Eu rop ean and global
research communit y. E GE E c omp rises 250 s it es

com munit y.

Partic le Physi cs
in 48 c ou ntri es and more t han 68,000 CP Us
avai labl e to s ome 8, 000 us ers , 24 hou rs a day, 7
d ays a week.

use by the worldwide p arti cl e p hysi cs

GridP P
and c omp u ting s c ie nt is ts from the U K and
CERN, who are bu ild ing a gri d for p artic le
physi cs . T he main objec ti ve i s to d eve lop and
deploy a large-sc al e sc ience gri d in the UK f or

Grid P P is a c oll aborati on of p artic le p hysi cis ts

NAL GRIDS
INTERNATIO
AP GRID

and India.
to boost R&D innovation across Europe
grid-enabled e-science community aiming
multidisciplinary organizations to build a
Grid

EU-India Grid will bring together over 500

and India
Europe EU-India Grid
t he A si a- Paci fi c regi on, ai ming to s hare

and appl ic ati ons. Partners come from 15

count ries in the As ia-Paci fi c and beyond ..
te c hnol ogies , res ources and knowl ed ge in ord er
to bu i ld , nu rt ure a nd promote gri d tec hnol ogie s
A P Grid i s a partners hip f or grid comp ut ing in
As ia-P ac if ic

COMMUNICATION PROJECTS COMPUTING GRIDS GRID GRID

GRID MIDDLEWARE VOLUNTEER FIELD-SPECIFIC NATIONAL INTERNATIONAL
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS
GRID COMPUTING
GRID COMPUTING
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS
INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL FIELD-SPECIFIC VOLUNTEER MIDDLEWARE GRID
GRID GRID GRIDS COMPUTING PROJECTS COMMUNICATION
computi ng and r ela ted ser vices to ena ble
r esour ce pl a tfor m for hi gh-per for mance
devel oping a distributed, i ntegr a ted

the pr ocessing of la r ge am ounts of

The fir s t D-Gri d proj ects sta r ted in
September 2 0 0 5 wi th the goa l of

scienti fic da ta and inform ation.

Swegrid
Sweden
Swegrid is a Swedish national
Ger ma ny

computational resource, consisting of 600

computers in six clusters at six different
sites across Sweden. The sites are
connected through the high-performance
GigaSunet network.
D-Gri d

NATIONAL
GRID

distributed infrastructure for

fastest, most comprehensive,

TeraGrid aims to build and

deploy the world's largest,

TeraGrid
open scientific research.

supercomputing grid
facilities.
and data based resources and
researchers to all computational
coherent electronic access for UK
The NGS aims to provide
National Grid Service UK

U.S.
 Virolab Study of infect ious

Canc er res earc h

dis eas es
ViroL ab i s d evel opi ng a grid -bas ed virtu al
l aboratory for the st udy of infe ct ious di seas es.
T he laboratory provi des tool s that help med ic al
doct ors und ers tand dru g res is tanc e and t ai lor

and c are
d ru g therapy to s p eci fic p atients , providi ng
virol ogis ts wi th an ad vanc ed environme nt in
whi ch t o stu dy virus trends

c aB IG™ s tand s for t he c anc er B iomed i cal

wi dely ap pl ic able beyond canc er as well

Informati cs Gri d ™, an i nformat ion network

p hys ic ians and p at ient s – to s hare d ata and
knowl ed ge. T he c omponents of caBIG™ are

enabl ing the c ancer commu ni ty – res earc hers ,

CaB IG
GRID
GRID COMPUTING

INTERNATIONAL
GRID
NATIONAL
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS

GRIDS
FIELD-SPECIFIC

GRIDS
FIELD-
SPECIFIC
VOLUNTEER
COMPUTING
PROJECTS
MIDDLEWARE
GRID

NEESit

automate s e qu enc es of tasks .

COMMUNICATION

matc h c at al ogu es , and bui ld and ru n s crip ts t o

database s, pl ot and manip ul at e tables , cros s -
worl d , find d ata, s tore and share fi les, qu ery
expl ore and bookmark res ources from arou nd the
Obs ervatory A st roGri d enabl es as tronomers to
As troGri d The global Virtual
engineering research
Earthquake research

virtual "collaboratory" for earthquake

Science Foundation to build a national
The Network for Earthquake Engineering
Simulation is funded by the U.S. National
GRID COMPUTING
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS
INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL FIELD-SPECIFIC VOLUNTEER MIDDLEWARE GRID
GRID GRID GRIDS COMPUTING PROJECTS COMMUNICATION

Volunteer computing

Volunteer computing uses computers belonging to ordinary people, like you,

to create a computing grid that can rival the most powerful supercomputers in the world.

Are you interested in making the world a better place, but never have the time?
Here's something you can do while you sleep!
If you join a volunteer computing project, you agree to donate the idle cycles of your computer to specific research projects.

What does that mean?

While you're not using your computer, someone else is using it for their research.
While you're sleeping, or on the phone, or simply not using your computer's entire power,
volunteer computing software uses your leftover computer power to solve calculations,
perform simulations and otherwise contribute to some amazing projects.
Whether you're into health, maths, climate change or finding life on other planets, volunteer computing has something for you.
GRID COMPUTING
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS
INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL FIELD-SPECIFIC VOLUNTEER MIDDLEWARE GRID
GRID GRID GRIDS COMPUTING PROJECTS COMMUNICATION
Al chemi i s an op en s ou rce s of tware f ramework

c om puti ng power of networked mac hines into a

P lu g and pl ay desktop gri d

vi rt ual su pe rc omp u ter (des ktop grid ) and to

that allows you t o pai nl es sl y aggregate the

develop app l ic at ions to ru n on t he grid .

ESnet  
ESnet provides high performance
connections to all major U.S. Department
comp ut ing

of Energy sites, as well as fast

interconnections to more than 100 other
networks, to allow scientists to make
effective use of DOE research facilities and
computing resources.
Al chemi

MIDDLEWARE
PROJECTS

Middleware for Grid Computing

gLite was produced as pa rt of the
framework for building grid
EGEE project and provides a

gLite
applications.
Mad is on i n the U.S.
P BS, and L SF. From t he Universi ty of W is consin-
incl u di ng Globu s, Cond or, Nord u Grid , Unic ore,
fas hion to remote gri ds and batc h sys tems

Lightweight
t hat allows u sers t o su bmit jobs i n a reli able
Cond or mid dl eware is op en-s ou rc e gri d soft ware
Cond or
GRID COMPUTING
GRID-POWERED PROJECTS
INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL FIELD-SPECIFIC VOLUNTEER MIDDLEWARE GRID
GRID GRID GRIDS COMPUTING PROJECTS COMMUNICATION
BELIEF-II is a one-stop-shop for

Infrastructures a nd a platform

Infrastructures activities and

for communicating e-
finding out about e-

GridComputing Planet
BELIEF-II

"The gateway to grid

results.

computing," aiming to help

the technical community stay
abreast of grid dev elopments.

GRID
COMMUNICAT
ION

A comprehensive directory
entries. Run by Primeur
comprising nearly 1000
on g rid computing ,

EnterTheGrid
from around the world.

mag azine
scientific discoveries, and grid technology
shares stories of grid-empowered research,
achievements of scientific grid computing,
A free weekly newsletter promoting the
International Science Grid This Week
iSGTW
GRID COMPUTING
Who will pay for grid computing?
Analysis by researchers in the private sector suggests that one day you will have to pay real
money to use a computing grid, just as you now pay to use an electrical grid.

Currently, grid computing is much like the World Wide Web: both were created for
scientific purposes and are subsidized by the institutions that use it. The users are often
shielded from the question of who pays for it, because their school or research centre covers the
expense.

Now that the Web is more widely accessible, there are several ways of gaining free
access: a telecom company might give you free access in exchange for using their
network, or a commercial site might give you free access if you put up with lots of
advertisements on your screen. At the end of the day, though, someone is paying for
you to use the Web, whether it be yourself through your phone bill, an advertiser, or the
taxpayer whose money funds your university.

Will The Same Be True For Grid Computing?

Perhaps. Grid technology already includes sophisticated accounting software to track

who uses which resources. But how would users pay for their share of resources?
There might be some bartering (you can use mine, but only if I can use yours), or
perhaps payment in kind (I'll help you out with this, if you let me use that). But let's
face it: money is a simple way to keep track of who is using how much of what, so
many people think it will take over as the basic currency of grid computing. What do
you think?
GRID COMPUTING

Motivated Presents
By By

Ruchi Verma Ravi patodiya

Harpreet singh

The End