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System Analysis and Design: Lesson 2

The document provides an overview of system analysis and design. It discusses key concepts like system analysis, system design, the system development life cycle (SDLC), and the feasibility study process. The SDLC involves problem identification, feasibility study, system analysis, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance. The feasibility study evaluates if a proposed system is economically, operationally, technically, financially, schedule-wise, organizationally, socially, and legally feasible. It aims to determine if the system can and should be built.

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94 views

System Analysis and Design: Lesson 2

The document provides an overview of system analysis and design. It discusses key concepts like system analysis, system design, the system development life cycle (SDLC), and the feasibility study process. The SDLC involves problem identification, feasibility study, system analysis, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance. The feasibility study evaluates if a proposed system is economically, operationally, technically, financially, schedule-wise, organizationally, socially, and legally feasible. It aims to determine if the system can and should be built.

Uploaded by

Nimesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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System Analysis and Design

Lesson 2

Dileeka Alwis
NSBM - School of Computing

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 1


System Analysis
• Understanding and specifying in detail what the information
system should accomplish.

System Design

• Specifying in detail how the components of the information


system should be physically implemented.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 2


System Analyst
• IT professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and
implementing information systems.

• Examines the organization’s current systems (manual or


computerized) and procedures, existing business models and
flows of data by working closely with the client

• Discuss the findings with the client and design an


appropriate improved IT solution to help the organization
operate more efficiently and effectively.

• Brings business and information technology (IT) together by


understanding the needs and limitations of both.
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 3
Required skills of System Analyst
• Strong analysis skills
• Technical knowledge and skills
• Business knowledge and skills
• Management of Human Resources
Team working, Active Listening, Negotiation, Flexibility,
Adaptability, Initiative
• Critical Thinking
• Judgment and Decision Making
• Time Management
• Troubleshooting

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 4


Project Management
• The discipline of planning, organizing, motivating &
controlling resources to achieve specific goals.

• Requires different technical skills & management strategies.

• Challenges:
- To achieve all of the project objectives with in the predefined
constraints.
- Constraints: Scope, time, quality & budget.
- to optimize the allocation of necessary inputs & integrate them to
meet pre-defined objectives.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 5


Critical factors that make a project
success
• Detailed planning
–Determine what has to be done, by whom & when

• Efficient use of resources


–Money, people, expertise, equipment, time etc.

• Specialist knowledge & skills


• Keeping track of progress
• Use of suitable, updated tools and technologies

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 6


• Effective communication and negotiation between all
parties
– Different views & expectations
– Try to please all the parties involved is difficult
– Project will be more complex
– Can not please all of the people all of the time.
– Do not make promises you can not keep

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 1 7


System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 8
System Development Life Cycle
(SDLC)
• The process of determining how an information system (IS) can
support business needs, designing the system, building it, and
delivering it to users.

• It consists of the steps to be considered when a particular


system is selected to be computerized.

• SDLC aims to produce high quality systems that meet or


exceed customer expectations, based on customer
requirements, by delivering systems which move through each
clearly defined phase, within scheduled time-frames and cost
estimates.
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 9
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 10
SDLC
• Problem Definition
• Feasibility Study
• System Analysis
• System Design
• System Development
• System Testing
• System Implementation
• System Maintenance

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 11


Problem Identification

• Study the current system of the organization and find


out the basic details about the problem.
• Identify a suitable solution.
• Express the basic details about the solution to the
problem based on the factors understood at this point.

• Deliverable: Project Proposal

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 12


Project Proposal Contains…
• Company Overview
• Objective of the study
• Scope of the study
• Details about the existing system
• Drawbacks of the existing system
• Introduction to the new system
• Functional and Non functional Requirements of the system
• Expected benefits from the new system
• Constraints
• Resource requirements
• Time Line
• Budget
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 13
Management Decisions based on
the Proposal

• Whether to accept the proposal


• Whether to reject the proposal
• Whether it require some modifications

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 14


Feasibility Study

• The process of checking the capability of


developing and implementing the
proposed system according to the
external and internal factors which make
an influence on it.

• Test the proposed system against its workability, meeting user


requirements, effective use of resources and cost effectiveness,
etc.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 15


• Main goal:
- to clearly define the scope and objectives of the project
- to identify alternative solutions to the identified problem

• Deliverables: Feasibility Report


– It is submitted to the management.
– Management decisions will be taken based on the feasibility
report.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 16


Factors to be considered
Organisational
Schedule Technology

Operation Feasibility Study Financial

Legal
Economic
Social
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 17
Economic Feasibility
• Will the new system provide business a value?
• Cost/ benefit analysis
‐ Verify whether the benefits of solving problem
outweigh the costs of solving problem.
• Purpose is to determine the positive economic benefits
to the organization that the proposed system will
provide.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 18


Operational Feasibility
• Can we use it?
• Enable the system to run
• A measure of how well a proposed system,
– solves the problems
– takes advantages of the opportunities identified during scope
definition
– satisfies the requirements identified

• Staff requirement
– retrain current staff or hire new people
– specialist skills & knowledge, where to get them
System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 19
Technical Feasibility
• Can we build it?
• Determine whether the company has enough technical
expertise to handle completion of the project.
• Existing and new technology requirements.
– It is focused on gaining an understanding of the present
technical resources of the organization and their applicability to
the expected needs of the proposed system.

• It is an evaluation of the hardware and software and how


it meets the need of the proposed system.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 20


Financial Feasibility
• Judged on the following parameters:
– Set up & running cost
– Total estimated cost of the project
– Financing of the project in terms of its capital
structure, debt equity ratio and client’s share of
total cost
– Projected cash flow and profitability

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 21


Schedule Feasibility
• Plan resources to get the project finished on time.
• Time management, budget, duty roster, deadlines
–Estimating how long the system will take to develop, and
can it be completed within the given time period.
• A measure of how reasonable the project timetable is.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 22


Organizational Feasibility
• If we build it, will it be used?
• Whether the proposed system is consistent with the
organization’s strategic objectives.

Social Feasibility
• Whether the problem be solved without causing any social
issues.
• Whether the system will be acceptable to the society.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 23


Legal Feasibility
• Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with
legal requirements.
• Does it protect or violate current acts and laws
• Special government arrangements
• Data Protection Act

Example
A data processing system must comply with the local Data
Protection Acts.

System Analysis & Design - Lesson 2 24

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