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Components and System Design For Optical Fiber Communication

This document provides information about the graduate course EE 230: Optical Fiber Communication. The course covers components and system design of optical fiber communication including fibers, sources and transmitters, detectors and receivers, and optical amplifiers. It will be taught on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10:00-11:45 am in Crown 105 by instructor Chris Moylan. The course textbook is K. Iizuka's Elements of Photonics, Volume II.

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85 views22 pages

Components and System Design For Optical Fiber Communication

This document provides information about the graduate course EE 230: Optical Fiber Communication. The course covers components and system design of optical fiber communication including fibers, sources and transmitters, detectors and receivers, and optical amplifiers. It will be taught on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10:00-11:45 am in Crown 105 by instructor Chris Moylan. The course textbook is K. Iizuka's Elements of Photonics, Volume II.

Uploaded by

PrajjwalKumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE 230: Optical Fiber Communication

Description
Components and system design for optical fiber communication.

Intended audience: Graduate or advanced undergraduate students.


Prerequisite: Instructor permission
Textbook: K. Iizuka, Elements of Photonics, Volume II, Wiley (2002).

Time: T/Th 10:00-11:45 am


Location: Crown 105
Course Instructor: Chris Moylan
223 Jack Baskin Engineering Building
Phone: (831) 459-5453, (650) 723-9518
E-mail: [email protected]
Office hours: Th 2-4p

From the movie


Warriors of the Net
Course Content
Fibers:

Step-index fibers, graded-index fibers.


Fiber modes, single-mode fibers, multimode fibers.
Dispersion, mode coupling, and loss mechanics.
Glass materials, fiber fabrication, and characterization
techniques.

Sources and Transmitters:

Light-emission processes in semiconductors.


Light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
Semiconductor lasers, (laser diodes: LDs).
Modulation response.
Source-fiber coupling.

(Image courtesy of Artem Visual Effects.)


Course Content: continued

Detectors and Receivers:


Photodetectors, receivers.
Receiver noise and sensitivity.
Optical Amplifiers
Erbium doped fiber amplifiers
Semiconductor optical amplifiers
Raman amplification
Systems:
System design: power budget and (Image courtesy of C.O.R.E. Digital Picture.)
rise-time budget.
Single-Wavelength Fiber-Optic
Networks (FDDI, SONET)
Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
(WDM)
A Short History of Optical Telecommunications
Circa 2500 B.C. Earliest known glass
Roman times-glass drawn into fibers
Venice Decorative Flowers made of glass fibers
1609-Galileo uses optical telescope
1626-Snell formulates law of refraction
1668-Newton invents reflection telescope
1840-Samuel Morse Invents Telegraph
1841-Daniel Colladon-Light guiding demonstrated
in water jet
1870-Tyndall observes light guiding in a thin water jet
1873-Maxwell electromagnetic waves
1876-Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell Invent Telephone 1876-Alexander Graham Bell
1877-First Telephone Exchange
1880-Bell invents Photophone
1888-Hertz Confirms EM waves and relation to light
1880-1920 Glass rods used for illumination
1897-Rayleigh analyzes waveguide
1899-Marconi Radio Communication
1902-Marconi invention of radio detector
1910-1940 Vacuum Tubes invented and developed
1930-Lamb experiments with silica fiber 1970 I. Hayashi
Semiconductor Laser
1931-Owens-Fiberglass
1936-1940 Communication using a waveguide
1876 First commercial Telephone
A Short History- Continued
1951-Heel, Hopkins, Kapany image transmission using fiber
bundles
1957-First Endoscope used in patient
1958-Goubau et. al. Experiments with the lens guide
1958-59 Kapany creates optical fiber with cladding
1960-Ted Maiman demonstrates first laser in Ruby
1960-Javan et. al. invents HeNe laser
1962-4 Groups simultaneously make first semiconductor
lasers
1961-66 Kao, Snitzer et al conceive of low loss single mode
fiber communications and develop theory
1970-First room temp. CW semiconductor laser-Hayashi &
Panish
April 1977-First fiber link with live telephone traffic-
GTE Long Beach 6 Mb/s
May 1977-First Bell system 45 mb/s links
GaAs lasers 850nm Multimode -2dB/km loss
Early 1980s-InGaAsP 1.3 µm Lasers
- 0.5 dB/km, lower dispersion-Single mode
Late 1980s-Single mode transmission at 1.55 µm -0.2
dB/km
1989-Erbium doped fiber amplifier
1 Q 1996-8 Channel WDM
4th Q 1996-16 Channel WDM
1Q 1998-40 Channel WDM
Bells Photophone
1880 - Photophone Receiver

1880 - Photophone
Transmitter

“The ordinary man…will find a little difficulty in comprehending how sunbeams are to be used. Does Prof. Bell intend to
connect Boston and Cambridge…with a line of sunbeams hung on telegraph posts, and, if so, what diameter are the
sunbeams to be…?…will it be necessary to insulate them against the weather…?…until (the public) sees a man going through
the streets with a coil of No. 12 sunbeams on his shoulder, and suspending them from pole to pole, there will be a general
feeling that there is something about Prof. Bell’s photophone which places a tremendous strain on human credulity.”
New York Times Editorial, 30 August 1880
Increase in Bitrate-Distance product

Agrawal-Fiber Optic Communications


Progress In Lightwave
Communication Technology
Growth of the Internet
Demand Driver for High Bandwidth Communications
The Internet

From: www.caida.org
Traffic Growth and Composition
Approaches to Optical Communication
Lightwave Application Areas
Board-to-Board
Rack -To-Rack

N E7809
µp8986

N E7809

N E7809

Chip-to-Chip

Optical interconnects

Chip to Chip (Unlikely in near future)


Board to Board (>1foot eg. CPU-Memory)
Subsystem-Subsystem (Optics used Low Speed) Telecommunications

Long Haul (Small Market-High Performance)


LANs (Large Market Lower Performance)

High-Speed Analog (CATV-Remote Satellite)


Optical Fiber System
Why fiber?

Palais-Fiber Optic Communications


Optical Fiber Attenuation and Fiber Amplifier Gain
Image Transmission by Fiber Bundle

Optics-Hecht & Zajac Photo by American Cytoscope Makers Inc.


Installed Fiber in US
Global Undersea Fiber systems
UUNET
Example Metro network
Palo Alto Fiber Optic Backbone
Route Map

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