Introduction to Digital Integrated
Circuits (DIC)
Course outcome
• To be able to learn BJT logic families.
• To be able to design inverter with NMOS
logic and CMOS logic with required noise
margin and delay specifications.
• To be able to learn Layout.
• To be able to get idea about different
semiconductor Memories.
Syllabus
Unit-1:BJT MODELING AND LOGIC
FAMILIES (10 Hours)
Modeling Of P-N Junction Diode And BJT,
Diode And BJT Model Parameter Extraction,
Schottky Transistor, BJT Inverter, DC
Switching Characteristic, Introduction to
RTL, DTL TTL, Schottky TTL, I2L and ECL
Logic Family, Concept of Noise margin, Fan
Out and Propagation Delay, Basic BiCMOS
Circuits: Static Behavior, Switching Delay in
BiCMOS Logic Circuits.
Unit 2: MOS TRANSISTOR (06 Hours)
MOS Structure And Operation, MOSFET
Structure And Operations, MOSFET Current-
Voltage Characteristics, Channel Length
Modulation, Substrate Bias Effect, MOSFET
Capacitances, MOSFET Model.
Unit3: NMOS LOGIC DESIGN (05 Hours)
Resistive-Load Inverter, Saturated-
Loaded Inverter, Linear Loaded
Inverter, Depletion Loaded Inverter,
Graphical Determination Of VTC,
Calculation Of VTC Critical Points,
Power Dissipation And Rise Time - Fall
Time, NMOS Logic Gates.
Unit4: CMOS LOGIC DESIGN (04 Hours)
CMOS Inverter Technology, Static
Characteristics, Dynamic Behavior,
Static And Dynamic Power Dissipation,
Power-Delay Product. CMOS Gates,
TTL-CMOS Interfacing.
Unit5:PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (06 Hours)
Fabrication Process Flow, CMOS N-Well
Process, Layout Design Rules, Full-Custom
Mask Layout Design, Stick Diagram.
Unit6:INTRODUCTION OF FPGA
ARCHITECTURE (03 Hours)
Unit 7: SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORIES (06
Hours)
Type Of Memories, Implementation Of ROMs,
MOS ROM Cells, MOS EPROM and EEPROM
Applications, Static and Dynamic Read -
Write Memories, Organization Of RAM,
Paralleling Of Semiconductor Memory
Integrated Circuit Chips.
Unit-1
Contents:-
Digital Integrated Circuits & applications
Introduction to device (PN junction diode,
BJT, MOSFET) modeling & its simulation using
SPICE Program
Parameter extraction
Various BJT Logic families
Specifications of BJT Logic families
Construction, working & design of various BJT
logic families
Basic Bi-CMOS Circuits: Static Behavior,
Switching Delay in Bi-CMOS Logic Circuits.
IC Vs Discrete circuits
• The Integrated Circuit, are those in which
the components are actually networks of
interconnected components manufactured on
a single wafer of semiconducting material.
• An Integrated Circuit (IC), sometimes called
a chip or microchip, is a semiconductor wafer
on which thousands or millions of tiny
resistors, capacitors, and transistors are
fabricated.
• An IC can function as an amplifier, oscillator,
timer, counter, computer memory, or
microprocessor.
• Before the invention of integrated circuits
(ICs), all the individual transistors, diodes,
resistors, capacitors, and inductors were
discrete in nature.
• A discrete circuit is constructed of
components which are manufactured
separately. Later, these components are
connected together by using conducted wires
on a circuit board or a printed circuit board.
IC Vs Discrete circuits
• Before a circuit is designed, to be integrated
by CMOS VLSI technology, a model must be
adopted which will describe behavior of all
components successfully.
• A model means a set of mathematical
formulas, circuit representations, tables,
reference standards etc
