Scribd
Upload
130 views40 pages

Obstructive and Restrictive Lung Diseases: The Management

This document discusses obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. It defines obstructive diseases as those involving airway narrowing or blockage caused by conditions like asthma or COPD. Restrictive diseases restrict lung expansion due to extrapulmonary issues. The document outlines examples of diseases for each category and describes associated pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis via spirometry, and general management approaches for conditions like asthma, COPD, ARDS, and kyphoscoliosis. It emphasizes the role of ICU nurses in caring for these patients through good relationships with doctors and patients, timely treatment administration, abnormality reporting, reassurance, and skills/knowledge maintenance.

Uploaded by

taipingboi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
130 views40 pages

Obstructive and Restrictive Lung Diseases: The Management

This document discusses obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. It defines obstructive diseases as those involving airway narrowing or blockage caused by conditions like asthma or COPD. Restrictive diseases restrict lung expansion due to extrapulmonary issues. The document outlines examples of diseases for each category and describes associated pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis via spirometry, and general management approaches for conditions like asthma, COPD, ARDS, and kyphoscoliosis. It emphasizes the role of ICU nurses in caring for these patients through good relationships with doctors and patients, timely treatment administration, abnormality reporting, reassurance, and skills/knowledge maintenance.

Uploaded by

taipingboi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

OBSTRUCTIVE AND

RESTRICTIVE LUNG
DISEASES: THE
MANAGEMENT
CONTENTS
• Obstructive vs Restrictive
 Definition
 Examples
 Pathophysiology
 Spirometry
• Examples Obstructive Mx.
 Bronchial Asthma
 COAD
• Restrictive Mx. in General
• The Role of GICU Nurses
12/07/21 2
Definition
 OBSTRUCTIVE  RESTRICTIVE
• Disease of the • A category of
smaller airways in the extrapulmonary,
lungs; pleural, or
• Narrowing or parenchymal
blockage; respiratory diseases
• Manifests as acute or that restrict lung
chronic; expansion;
• Resulting in a
• Causing increased
resistance to airflow decreased lung
in the bronchial volume, an increased
tubes. work of breathing,
and inadequate
ventilation and/or
oxygenation

12/07/21 3
Examples
 OBSTRUCTIVE  RESTRICTIVE
• Bronchial Asthma • Intrinsic lung disease
• COAD (Chronic • SLE, RA, ARDS
Bronchitis + ASBESTOSIS etc.
Emphysema) • Idiopathic fibrotic
disorders
• Extrinsic disoders
• Thoracic deformity
etc.;
• Myopathy or
myositis.

12/07/21 4
Pathophysiology

12/07/21 5
12/07/21 6
12/07/21 7
12/07/21 8
ASTHMA vs COAD
ASTHMA COAD

Lung inflammation Lung destruction


Definition disease disease

Symptoms Manifests with Manifests worse in


nighttime symptoms the morning &
persists with all day
coughing
Onset Childhood Adult

Triggers Inflammation eg Smoking and


allergens, exercise.. respiratory illness
Reversibility Reversible Irreversible

Treatment To reduce To slow loss of


inflammation. function.
Corticosteroids then Bronchodilator then
12/07/21 bronchodilator corticosteroids 9
12/07/21 10
12/07/21 11
12/07/21 12
12/07/21 13
12/07/21 14
Spirometry

12/07/21 15
12/07/21 16
12/07/21 17
Managing Asthma

12/07/21 18
12/07/21 19
ACUTE SEVERE
ASTHMA

12/07/21 20
• β2 agonist
 Nebuliser
 Intravenous – Salbutamol vs
Aminophyline
• Steroids – IV vs Oral
• Other bronchodilators
 MgSO4
 Ketamine
 Heliox
 Anaesthetic Gas

12/07/21 21
• Oxygenation
• Endotracheal intubation and
mechanical ventilation
Cardiorespiratory
embarrassment
Altered sensorium
• Antibiotics unless indicated

12/07/21 22
Managing Acute
Exacerbation COAD

12/07/21 23
• Bronchodilators
β2 agonist
Anticholinergic
Aminophylline
• Steroids
• Mucolytic agents
• Oxygenations
• Antibiotics
12/07/21 24
12/07/21 25
Co pulmonale
• Right side heart failure – p
pulmonale
• A/W pulmonary hypertension
• A/W atrial fibrillation
• Difficult weaning if once
intubated

12/07/21 26
Managing Restrictive
Lung Disease

12/07/21 27
ARDS
• Intubation and mechanical
ventilation;
• Oxygenation
• Fluids – critical
• Steroids – controversial
• Bronchodilators
• Preventing end organs
involvement
• Antibiotics if indicated
12/07/21 28
Kyphoscoliosis

12/07/21 29
Kyphoscoliosis

12/07/21 30
The role of GICU nurses

12/07/21 31
Towards GICU Doctors
• Good SN-Dr relationship
• Carrying out orders
• Medications to be served on
time
• Informing any abnormalities
detected

12/07/21 32
Towards patient
• Good SN-Pt relationship
• Reassurance
• Comfort care
• Gentle management

12/07/21 33
Towards Own-self
• Willingness
• Sacrifice
• Updating skills and knowledge
• Comfortable “not when empty
stomach or full bladder”

12/07/21 34
12/07/21 35
12/07/21 36
12/07/21 37
12/07/21 38
12/07/21 39
12/07/21 40

You might also like