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Compact Disc

The document discusses different types of compact discs (CDs), including their sizes, data storage capabilities, and logical formats. Standard CDs can hold up to 80 minutes of audio or 700MB of data. Various formats include audio CDs, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, Video CD, Super Video CD, PhotoCD, and Enhanced CD. Logical formats include the Red Book standard for audio CDs and the SACD format for high-resolution audio. Video CD, SVCD, and rewritable CD formats are also summarized.

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99 views14 pages

Compact Disc

The document discusses different types of compact discs (CDs), including their sizes, data storage capabilities, and logical formats. Standard CDs can hold up to 80 minutes of audio or 700MB of data. Various formats include audio CDs, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, Video CD, Super Video CD, PhotoCD, and Enhanced CD. Logical formats include the Red Book standard for audio CDs and the SACD format for high-resolution audio. Video CD, SVCD, and rewritable CD formats are also summarized.

Uploaded by

pinks_v
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPACT DISC

(CD)
►A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an
optical disc used to store digital data. It
was originally developed to store sound
recordings exclusively, but later it also
allowed the preservation of other types
of data. Audio CDs have been
commercially available since October
1982. In 2009, they remain the standard
physical storage medium for audio.
► The technology was eventually
adapted and expanded to encompass
data storage CD-ROM, write-once
audio and data storage CD-R,
rewritable media CD-RW, Video
Compact Discs (VCD), Super Video
Compact Discs (SVCD), PhotoCD,
PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced CD
Physical Details of CD
► Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 mm
and can hold up to 80 minutes of
uncompressed audio (700 MB of data).
The Mini CD has various diameters
ranging from 60 to 80 mm; they are
sometimes used for CD singles or device
drivers, storing up to 24 minutes of audio.
►A CD is made from 1.2 mm thick, almost-
pure “polycarbonate” plastic and weighs
approximately 15–20 grams.From the
center outward components are at the
center (spindle) hole, the first-transition
area (clamping ring), the clamping area
(stacking ring), the second-transition area
(mirror band), the information (data)
area, and the rim.
LOGICAL FORMATS
Audio CD
► The logical format of an audio CD (officially Compact
Disc Digital Audio or CD-DA) is described in a document
produced by the format's joint creators, Sony and
Philips in 1980. The document is known colloquially as
the "Red Book" after the color of its cover. The format
is a two-channel 16-bit PCM encoding at a 44.1 kHz
sampling rate per channel. Four-channel sound is an
allowable option within the Red Book format, but has
never been implemented. Monaural audio has no existing
standard on a Red Book CD; mono-source material is
usually presented as two identical channels on a 'stereo'
track.
Super Audio CD
► Super Audio CD (SACD) is a high-resolution read-only
optical audio disc format that provides much higher
fidelity digital audio reproduction than the Red Book.
Introduced in 1999, it was developed by Sony and
Philips, the same companies that created the Red Book.
SACD was in a format war with DVD-Audio, but neither
has replaced audio CDs.
► In contrast to DVD-Audio, the SACD format has the
feature of being able to produce hybrid discs; these
discs contain the SACD audio stream as well as a
standard audio CD layer which is playable in standard
CD players, thus making them backward compatible.
Video CD (VCD)
► VideoCD (VCD, View CD, and Compact
Disc digital video) is a standard digital
format for storing video media on a CD.
VCDs are playable in dedicated VCD
players, most modern DVD-Video players,
personal computers, and some video game
consoles.
ReWritable CD
► CD-RW is a re-recordable medium that uses a
metallic alloy instead of a dye. The write laser
in this case is used to heat and alter the
properties (amorphous vs. crystalline) of the
alloy, and hence change its reflectivity. A CD-
RW does not have as great a difference in
reflectivity as a pressed CD or a CD-R, and so
many earlier CD audio players cannot read CD-
RW discs, although most later CD audio players
and stand-alone DVD players can.
Super Video CD
► Super Video CD (Super Video Compact
Disc or SVCD) is a format used for
storing video media on standard compact
discs. SVCD was intended as a successor
to VCD and an alternative to DVD-Video,
and falls somewhere between both in
terms of technical capability and
piRecordable CD
Thank You

By:
PRIYANKA GANDHI
PRIYANKA VERMA

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