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Vitamin Deficiency Diseases - B6

This document discusses vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and folate deficiency diseases. It provides information on recommended daily intake of vitamin B6, food sources, roles as a coenzyme, symptoms of deficiency including seborrhea and neuropathy, etiology such as alcoholism and medication interactions, clinical picture including anemia, lab diagnosis of low plasma pyridoxine levels, treatment with 50 mg/day or higher for medication-related deficiencies, and toxicity risks above 100 mg/day such as sensory neuropathy.

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Dr. Janarthanan V
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111 views12 pages

Vitamin Deficiency Diseases - B6

This document discusses vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and folate deficiency diseases. It provides information on recommended daily intake of vitamin B6, food sources, roles as a coenzyme, symptoms of deficiency including seborrhea and neuropathy, etiology such as alcoholism and medication interactions, clinical picture including anemia, lab diagnosis of low plasma pyridoxine levels, treatment with 50 mg/day or higher for medication-related deficiencies, and toxicity risks above 100 mg/day such as sensory neuropathy.

Uploaded by

Dr. Janarthanan V
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

DISEASES
PYRIDOXINE & FOLATE

By-
V.Janarthanan
II-MBBS
PYRIDOXINE :
Vitamin B6
>Pyridoxine, pyridoxal , pyridoxamine
&their 5'-
phosphate derivatives
RDA :

Infants – 0.3 – 0.6 mg


Children – 1.0 – 1.4 mg
Males – 1.7 – 2.0 mg
Females – 1.4 – 1.6 mg
Pregnancy – 2.2 mg
Lactation – 2.1 mg
SOURCES :
• Plants contain vitamin B6 in the form of pyridoxine
• Animal tissues contain PLP and pyridoxamine
phosphate
• The vitamin B6 contained in plants is less
bioavailable than that from animal tissues
• Rich food sources of vitamin B6 include legumes,
nuts, wheat bran, and meat, although it is present in
all food groups.
COENZYMES :
• 5'-Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)

• Cofactor for more than 100 enzymes involved in


amino acid metabolism

• Also involved in heme and neurotransmitter


synthesis and in the metabolism of glycogen,
lipids, steroids, sphingoid bases, and several
vitamins, including the conversion of tryptophan
to niacin.
DEFICIENCY :
• Seborrhea
• glossitis
• convulsions
• neuropathy
• depression
• confusion
• microcytic anemia
ETIOLOGY :
• Niacin intake/day - <0.2 mg

• Alcoholism, isoniazid

• Deoxypyridoxine, methoxypyridoxine

• Isoniazid, L-dopa, penicillamine, and cycloserine


interact with PLP due to a reaction with carbonyl
groups
CLINICAL PICTURE :
• Epithelial changes, as seen frequently with other B
vitamin deficiencies

• In infants, diarrhea, seizures, and anemia have been


reported

• Microcytic, hypochromic anemia

• Inflammation and elevated C-reactive protein levels.


LAB DIAGNOSIS :
• low plasma PLP values (<20 nmol/L).

ADD-ONS :
 Used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome, premenstrual
syndrome, schizophrenia, autism, and diabetic
neuropathy but have not been found to be effective

 Vitamin B6 should not be given with L-dopa

 Pyridoxine should be given concurrently with


isoniazid to avoid neuropathy
TREATMENT :
• 50 mg/d

• 100–200 mg/d are given if vitamin B6 deficiency


is related to medication use
TOXICITY :
• The safe upper limit for vitamin B6 has been set at
100 mg/d.

• Severe sensory neuropathy, leaving patients


unable to walk.

• Some cases of photosensitivity and dermatitis


have also been reported.

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