Pre Assessment

Elements of Design
• On a note card:
– Write your name.
– Take one minute to think about how you
would design a room.
– Identify three important elements you should
think about before designing and/or
decorating a room.
 Introduction to Design and Home
Decorating
What is your design style?

Contemporary Coastal Modern

 Brief History of Design
Early Egypt:
Interior design dates back to ancient times, as people have
decorated as long as they have had houses. The first signs of
purposeful interior design were evidenced in the lavishly decorated
Egyptian tombs. Romans also carefully arranged their rooms based
on the function of the room and the time of year. In the summer
they used rooms that took advantage of breezes, and different
rooms in the winter that gave extra protection from the cold.

Renaissance:
During the Italian Renaissance, wealthy people became interested in
the arts and began to commission artists to work in their homes.
Function, form and decadence were the major themes in the palaces
of the wealthy.
 Brief History of Design
Early American:
Early American decorating was mostly homemade as people were
inspired by the homes of the wealthy. Artisanship and function were
the mainstays of this design period.
Industrial Revolution:
The dawn of industry made interior decorating available to the
multitudes. Cheaper home goods and decorating items such as
wallpaper, household paint and fabrics caused middle-income
families to be more interested in interior design.
Modern Times:
Interior decorating today is available to people of every income rate
and level of skill. Decorating shows on television teach people how do
decorate on their own. Modern decorating styles encompass parts of
all of the previous decorating periods.
 The Elements of Design

• There are five elements of design:

– Color
– Line
– Texture
– Form
– Space
The Role of Color in
Design
Element of
design #1
 Color
• Color is the most important, versatile, and
distinctive of the elements of design.
• Color is almost always the first thing you
notice when entering a room.
• Color can set a mood.
• Color can make rooms feel larger or smaller.
• Color can even hide architectural flaws.
What is your color personality?
What are something we already know about the
color wheel?
 Primary Colors

• Red With these basic colors we can form

• Blue all other colors.
• Yellow
 Primary Colors
By mixing equal amounts of red and blue, we
obtain purple; mixing equal amounts of blue
and yellow, we obtain green; and by mixing
equal amounts of yellow and red, we obtain
orange.
 Secondary Colors

• Purple
• Green
• Orange

In order to complete the color wheel, we combine

each primary color with the secondary color
next to it, to form an intermediate color.
 Tertiary Color
• A color resulting from the mixture of two
secondary colors.
• A color resulting from the equal mixture of a
primary color with either of the secondary
colors adjacent to it on a color wheel.
 Complementary Colors

• Two colors that are directly opposite each

other on the color wheel.
 Components of Color
• Hue is the color feature • Adding white to a hue
that makes one color creates a tint.
different from others. – Ex. Pink is a tint of
• Value is the lightness or red.
darkness of a color. • Adding black to a hue
• Intensity is the brightness creates a shade.
or dullness of a color. – Lowers the value and
• Pigments is substances darkens it.
that absorb some light • Adding gray to a hue
rays and reflect others. creates a tone.
 Color Intensity
• Measure of a color’s strength or grayness.
• How bright or dull the color is.
– Warm: R,O,Y
– Cool: P,B,G
 Warm Colors
• Warm colors: red,
orange, and yellow
– Red and orange
conveys the most
warmth.
– Warm colors are
suitable for areas of
high activity such as
kitchens and family
rooms.
 Cool Colors
• Cool colors: blues,
purples, greens
– Popular in
bedrooms,
bathrooms and
home offices
because of their
relaxing effect.
 Color Scheme
• A combination of colors selected for a room
design in order to create a mood or set a tone.
• Provides guidelines for designing successfully
with color.
• Color schemes look best when one color
dominates.
 Types of Color Schemes
1. Neutral
2. Monochromatic
3. Analogous
4. Complementary
5. Split-Complementary
6. Triad
 Neutral
• Neutral color schemes can be easier to live
with than with vibrant color schemes.
• Often used as background colors in rooms
because they blend well with other colors
• Touches of accent colors are usually added
for interest.
• Black, white and gray
and sometimes
browns and beiges.
 Neutral
White - absent of color which provides increased visual space.
Whitened backgrounds look light, spacious, and farther away. Hues
seem cleaner and crisper when surrounded by white.

Black - mixture of all colors. Sharpens and adds richness to the hues
placed next to it. Used generously may create a dramatic and
theatrical setting. Accents give richness.

Gray - combination of black and white. Warm grays–welcoming and

comforting. Cool grays - tend to be cold and uninviting.

Browns - mixing several colors on the color wheel or neutralizing

orange. Often introduced through stained woods. Does not need to
match as long as they harmonize. If used in large amounts can create
an oppressive or cave-like coziness
 Monochromatic
Tints and shades of one
color on the color
wheel
 Monochromatic
• Simplest color harmony.
• Variation is achieved by changing the
value and intensity of the hue and by
adding accents of neutral colors.
• A monochromatic color scheme can
make a room appear larger and unified.
 Analogous
3 to 5 hues next to
each other on the
color wheel.
 Analogous
Tend to look best when one hue is
dominant and smaller amounts of the
additional hues are used to add interest.
 Extended Analogous
• Utilizes one half of the color wheel.
 Complementary
Two colors that are directly
opposite each other on the
color wheel.
 Complementary
• Complementary
colors make each
other look brighter
and more intense.

• For less contrast,

the values and
intensities can be
varied.
 Split Complementary
Three colors, combine one color with the
two colors on each side of its
complement.
 Triad
Three colors that are
equal distance apart on
the color wheel.
 Triad
The three colors can be
used in sharp contrast.

By changing value and

intensities the contrast
can be lessened.

Skill is required to
achieve pleasing triad
schemes.
 Illusions with Color
• Warm colored objects appear closer than
cool colored ones.
• You can visually enlarge a room by painting
the walls a cool color.
• High ceilings painted dark colors appear
lower and a light color will allow a ceiling to
seem higher.
• Bold, bright colors make objects stand out.
Affects of Color in a Small Room
 Let’s think…

Who discovered the first color

wheel?

A. Vincent Van Gogh

B. Albert Einstein
C. Isaac Newton
D. Ms. Makuta
 Sir Isaac Newton
In 1666, Sir Isaac Newton performed a prism
experiment in which he discovered that pure white
light contains the full spectrum of colors — in effect,
creating the world’s first color wheel. From there,
philosophers, scientists, artists and designers have
continued studying the components of color and its
physical, psychological and philosophical effects.
 WARM-UP REVIEW QUESTION:
Identify the color scheme:
1 Finger: Monochromatic
2 Fingers: Analogous
3 Fingers: Complementary
This is an example of a strong bold
complementary color scheme.
Review of Color Schemes