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Data Communication: Definition & Characteristics

Data communication refers to the exchange of data between two devices via transmission media like wires or radio waves. For communication to occur, devices must be part of a system with hardware and software. Effective data communication has four key characteristics: delivery to the correct destination, accuracy without alteration, timeliness without delay, and consistent timing without jitter.

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Fernando Tangin
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542 views14 pages

Data Communication: Definition & Characteristics

Data communication refers to the exchange of data between two devices via transmission media like wires or radio waves. For communication to occur, devices must be part of a system with hardware and software. Effective data communication has four key characteristics: delivery to the correct destination, accuracy without alteration, timeliness without delay, and consistent timing without jitter.

Uploaded by

Fernando Tangin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

What is meant by Data

Communication and explain its


characteristics?

Data communications means the exchange of


data between two devices via some form of
transmission medium such as a wire cable.
For data communications to occur,
the communicating devices must be
part of a communication system
made up of a combination of
hardware (physical equipment) and
software (programs).
The effectiveness of a data
communications system depends on
four fundamental characteristics:

• 1. Delivery:
The system must deliver data to the correct
destination. Data must be received by the
intended device or user and only by that device
or user.
• 2. Accuracy:

The system must deliver the data accurately.


Data that have been altered in transmission and
left uncorrected are unusable.
• 3. Timeliness:
The system must deliver data in a timely
manner. Data delivered late are useless. In the
case of video and audio, timely delivery means
delivering data as they are produced, in the
same order that they are produced, and without
significant delay. This kind of delivery is called
real-time transmission.
4. Jitter:

• Jitter refers to the variation in the packet


arrival time. It is the uneven delay in the
delivery of audio or video packets. For
example, let us assume that video packets are
sent every 3D ms. If some of the packets
arrive with 3D-ms delay and others with 4D-
ms delay, an uneven quality in the video is the
result.
What are the components of Data
communication?
1. Message:

The message is the information (data) to be


communicated. Popular forms of information
include text, numbers, pictures, audio, and
video.
2. Sender:
• The sender is the device that sends the data
message. It can be a computer, workstation,
telephone handset, video camera, and so on.
3. Receiver:
• The receiver is the device that receives the
message. It can be a computer, workstation,
telephone handset, television, and so on.
4. Transmission medium:
• The transmission medium is the physical path
by which a message travels from sender to
receiver. Some examples of transmission
media include twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable,
fiber-optic cable, and radio waves.
5. Protocol:
• A protocol is a set of rules that govern data
communications. It represents an agreement
between the communicating devices. Without
a protocol, two devices may be connected but
not communicating, just as a person speaking
French cannot be understood by a person who
speaks only Japanese.
Explain different Data flow directions.
Communication between any two devices can
be:
• simplex
• half-duplex
• full-duplex
1. Simplex:
• In simplex mode, the communication is
unidirectional, as on a one-way street. Only
one of the two devices on a link can transmit;
the other can only receive which can be
represented in the following figure.

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