BIOMATERIALS
By:
Abhishek Raj
Kumar Harsh
Aradhya Kumar
Syed Wasif Raza
INDEX
:
Definition
Why are they so particular?
Kinds
The most used
biomaterials
Some examples
DEFINITION:
Biomaterials are all the inert materials used
for producing a pharmacological object that
is going to be introduced in a living
organism.
An artificial tendon
WHY ARE THEY SO
PARTICULAR?
All the biomaterials are specially studied
because are important for our health, and
the body could react against them.
Biomaterials have to support in the body
natural conditions: temperature, Ph,
corrosive fluids… and they can not never
to oxidize.
KINDS
Intern layout: All the biomaterials placed in
the intern body.
External layout: All the biomaterial placed in
the exterior of the body.
EXTERNAL BIOMATERIALS
KINDS
Inert biocompatible: are accepted for the
body and can stay in the body for long
periods of time. Used for permanent
implants.
Reabsorble biocompatible: Designed for
being reabsorbed and substituted for
the natural tissue.
Biocompatible bioactive: them react strongly
with the natural tissue, forming a strong
link.
THE MOST USED
BIOMATERIALS
The polymers, such as the nylon, the silicone or
the Teflon. They are elastic an easy to fabric
them. On the other hand, they are easy to
demote.
The new materials, as the nanocomposits, that
are really difficult to sintetise.
A silicone prosthesis
THE MOST USED
BIOMATERIALS
The ceramic materials, as the aluminum
oxide. They have a great biocompatibility
and corrosion resistance, but they are not
elastic at all, and are fragile.
Some materials like steel 316, 316 with a
less contest of carbon, titanium alloys.
They have great resistance, but they are
not very biocompatible.
PACEMAKER
A pacemaker is a medical device which uses electrical
impulses delivered by electrodes contacting the heart
muscles
When the pacemaker fails to sense a heartbeat within a
normal beat to beat period, it will stimulate the ventricle of
heart with a short low voltage pulse.
PACEMAKER MATERIALS
The materials used to construct pace makes
must be pharnacologically inert, nontoxic,
sterilizable, and able to function in the
environmental conditions of the body.
The casing is made of titanium or a titanium
alloy. The lead is also made of a metal alloy, but
it is insulated by a polymer such as
polyurethane. Only the metal tip of the lead is
exposed. The circuitry is usually made of
modified silicon semiconductors.
PACEMAKER
CONTACT
A contact lens is aLENS
corrective lens placed onthe cornea of
the eye
It's designed to improve vision because some people have
a mismatch between the refractive power of the eye and
the length of the eye, leading to a refraction error.
A contact lens neutralizes this mismatch and allows for
correct focusing of light onto the retina.
CONTACT
LENS
Contact lenses are made of pliable
hydrophilic plastics called hydrogels.
Hydrogels absorb significant amounts of
water to keep the lenses soft and
supple.
New soft contact lenses called silicone
hydrogel lenses include silicone within
the hydrogel material to increase the
oxygen transmissibility of the lenses.
KNEE IMPLANTS
OPERATION
This piece replaces the
joint (sometimes also
the ligaments), it
allowing the movement
of the knee and the
mobility of the leg.
FEATURE
S
It intended
is
assist to injoint
mobility of the
knee,
but this may
haveeffects
negative side
to the like
person
urinary
incontinence among
others.
MATERIALS
The materials used
are plastic and metal,
as they help in the
performance of the
prosthesis. can
You
also join the
prosthesis with bone
using cement to the
knee, to improve
efficiency.
ARTIFICIAL
HEART
Artificial hearts are a mechanical device,
They are typically used in order to bridge the
time to heart transplantation, or to
permanently replace the heart in case
transplantation is impossible.
ARTIFICIAL
HEART
the heart is conceptually simple, it’s formed
by synthetic materials and power supplies. A
possible consequence it could be the body
rejection. These complications limited the
lifespan of early human recipients to hours or
days
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.stryker.es/st-index/st_pag_patients-
home/st_pag_patients-knee/st_pag_patients-
knee-replacement.htm
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%C3%B1%C3%B3
n_artificial
http://www.laflecha.net/canales/ciencia/noticias/
el-primer-prototipo-de-rinon-artificial-
implantable-ya-es-una-realidad
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial
Thenks!!
