Information Technology Project
Management, Eighth Edition
Note: See the text itself for full citations.
A process is a series of actions directed toward a
particular result
Project management can be viewed as a number
of interlinked processes
The project management process groups include
◦ initiating processes
◦ planning processes
◦ executing processes
◦ monitoring and controlling processes
◦ closing processes
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 2
Copyright 2016 3
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 4
You can map the main activities of each PM
process group into the ten knowledge areas using
the PMBOK® Guide, Fifth Edition, 2013
Note that there are activities from each knowledge
area under the planning process groups
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 5
*Source: PMBOK® Guide, Fifth Edition, 2013.
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 6
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 7
Just as projects are unique, so are approaches to
project management
Many organizations develop their own project
management methodologies, especially for IT
projects
A methodology describes how things should be
done; a standard describes what should be done
PRINCE2, Agile, RUP, and Six Sigma provide
different project management methodologies
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 8
This case study provides an example of what’s
involved in initiating, planning, executing,
controlling, and closing an IT project
Note: This case study provides a big picture view of
managing a project. Later chapters provide detailed
information on each knowledge area
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 9
It is good practice to lay the groundwork for a project
before it officially starts
Senior managers often perform several pre-initiation
tasks, including the following:
◦ Determine the scope, time, and cost constraints for the project
◦ Identify the project sponsor
◦ Select the project manager
◦ Develop a business case for a project (see Table 3-2 for an example)
◦ Meet with the project manager to review the process and expectations
for managing the project
◦ Determine if the project should be divided into two or more smaller
projects
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 10
Initiating a project includes recognizing and starting
a new project or project phase
The main goal is to formally select and start off
projects
Table 3-3 shows the project initiation knowledge
areas, processes, and outputs
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 11
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 12
Contents are often sensitive, so do not publish this document.
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 13
Charters are normally short and include key
project information and stakeholder signatures
It’s good practice to hold a kick-off meeting at the
beginning of a project so that stakeholders can
meet each other, review the goals of the project,
and discuss future plans
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 14
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 15
The main purpose of project planning is to guide
execution
Every knowledge area includes planning
information
Key outputs included in the JWD project include:
◦ A team contract
◦ A project scope statement
◦ A work breakdown structure (WBS)
◦ A project schedule, in the form of a Gantt chart with all
dependencies and resources entered
◦ A list of prioritized risks (part of a risk register)
See sample documents starting on p. 101
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 16
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 18
Usually takes the most time and resources to
perform project execution
Project managers must use their leadership skills
to handle the many challenges that occur during
project execution
Many project sponsors and customers focus on
deliverables related to providing the products,
services, or results desired from the project
A milestone report can help focus on completing
major milestones
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 19
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 20
Involves measuring progress toward project
objectives, monitoring deviation from the plan, and
taking correction actions
Affects all other process groups and occurs during
all phases of the project life cycle
Outputs include performance reports, change
requests, and updates to various plans
See Table 3-13
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 21
Involves gaining stakeholder and customer
acceptance of the final products and services
Even if projects are not completed, they should be
closed out to learn from the past
Outputs include project files and lessons-learned
reports, part of organizational process assets
Most projects also include a final report and
presentation to the sponsor/senior management
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 22
Table 3-20 (page 118) lists the templates available
on the companion website and the author’s site at
www.pmtexts.com or www.kathyschwalbe.com
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Management, Eighth Edition Copyright 2016 23
