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Introduction To Turbo C Language: IS104 - Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C

This is the first lecture for IS104 - Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C for BSIS I - OLS and BSIS I - OLGC

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Aileen P. de Leon
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109 views

Introduction To Turbo C Language: IS104 - Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C

This is the first lecture for IS104 - Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C for BSIS I - OLS and BSIS I - OLGC

Uploaded by

Aileen P. de Leon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO TURBO C

LANGUAGE
IS104 – Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C

Ms. Aileen P. de Leon, MIT, MOS


TURBO C is commonly known as C Language programming
developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories in 1972.

 Considered machine-independent assembly language


rather than a higher-level language.

 Standardized by American National Standards


Institute(ANSI).

 Is a compiled language that contains a small set of


built-in functions that are machine dependent.

 Composed of one or more functions defined by the


user programmer or the professional programmer
 Is a sensitive programming language
PROGRAM – is a list of instructions written in a
programming language that a computer can execute so that
the machine acts in a predetermined way.

 is a sequence of instructions that can be executed


by a computer.

 May refer to the original source code or to the


executable version or known as the machine
language.
TURBO C LANGUAGE
COMPONENTS
IS104 – Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C

Ms. Aileen P. de Leon, MIT, MOS


COMPILER – refers to any program that transforms one set
of symbols into another by following a set of syntactic and
semantic rules.

 it is a program that translates all the source codes of


a program written in a high-level language into object
codes prior to the execution of the program.
DEBUGGER – is a program designed to help in debugging
another program by allowing the programmer to step through
the program, examine data, and check conditions.

Two Basic Types of Debugger:


MACHINE-LEVEL – displays the actual machine
instructions(assembly language) and allow the
programmer to look at registers and memory locations.
It is also used for testing a program and locating
programming errors.

SOURCE-LEVEL – program built for specific-purpose


problems.
EDITOR – it is a program designed for altering
sequences of words and numbers, but without the
features of a full-fledged word processing program.
Text editors are used for writing source codes as well
as creating basic text documents.
BASIC PARTS OF A TURBO C
PROGRAMMING
IS104 – Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures Using C

Ms. Aileen P. de Leon, MIT, MOS


HEADER FILES – files provide function prototype
declarations for library functions.

1. conio.h – declares various functions used in calling


the Disk Operating System(DOS) console
Input/Output(IO) routines.

2. dos.h – defines various constants and gives


declarations needed for DOS AND 8086 specific calls.

3. float.h – contains parameters for floating-point


routines.
4. graphics.h – declares prototypes for the graphics
functions.

5. math.h – declares prototypes for the math functions.

6. mem.h – declares the memory manipulation


functions.

7. process.h – contains structures and declarations for


spawn and executable functions.
8. stdio.h – defines types and macros needed for the
standard I/O.

9. stdlib.h – declares several commonly used routines:


conversion routines, search/sort routines, and other
miscellany.

10. string.h – declares several string manipulation and


memory manipulation routines.
#include DIRECTORY – preprocessor directive instructs
the compiler to include another source file with one that
has the #include directive in it. The source file to be
read must be enclosed between double quotes or angle
brackets.

MAIN BODY – refers to the set of statements in a


computer program at which the execution of the
program begins and from which the execution branches
to the subroutines of the program.

MAIN FUNCTION – this is the main body of a program


that performs the principal function of a program over
and over until termination is somehow signaled.
RESERVED WORD – fixed function and cannot be used for
any other purposes. It may only be used for its intended
purpose; it cannot be used for naming files, variables, or
other user-named objects. It has a special meaning to a
program or in a programming language. It can be used only
in a certain predefined circumstances.

PRINTF – this is a reserved word used to output function


that commands the computer display the message on the
screen which is enclosed in double quotations.

SCANF – used to read information from the keyboard.

SEMICOLON – it is used to separate one statement to


another statement.
GETCH(); - this part gets characters from the keyboard, and
does not echo on the screen.

GETCHE(); - gets characters from the console, and echoes


on the screen.

FILENAME – refers to the set of letters, numbers, and


allowable symbols assigned a file that distinguishes it from all
other files in a particular directory or folder on a disk.

MESSAGE WINDOW – it lies beneath the edit window and is


used to display various compiler or linker messages.

SYNTAX ERROR – this is an error in the use of language


syntax; a statement that violates one or more of the
grammatical rules of a language and is thus not legal.

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