Choice/Reality
Therapy
All human beings can choose their
reactions and behavior.
Proponent: William Glasser
William
Glasser
P_E_S_R_
PLEASURE
P_I_
PAIN
Nature of Human Beings
(Glasser, 1998)
Motivated by pleasure; want to
learn how to feel better
Desire to avoid painful
situations
All pleasure and pain
derived from efforts
to satisfy five basic
genetic needs:
• Survival
• Love and belonging ( need to love and
be loved )
• Power
• Freedom
• Fun
Need love and belonging to satisfy all
other needs
Satisfaction of five basic needs create
pleasure
Desire a unique Quality World which
contains all the wants related to the five
genetic needs
All humans do from birth to death is
behave
All behavior is self-chosen
GENERALIZATION
The view of human nature in reality
therapy is that all needs are internal
and that human beings act on the
world purposefully to satisfy their
needs and wants.
An important element ‘of choice
therapy is the notion that the brain
stores need-satisfying images that serve
as a guide to behavior. The five basic
needs are survival, belonging, power,
freedom and fun.
All human activities are “total” and
comprised of the following elements:
actions, thinking, feeling, and physiology.
Total behavior are purposeful, internally
generated and designed to maneuver the
external world so that our needs are met.
Question 1
The quality of something that makes
it hard to do
A Easily
B Difficulty
C Averagely
D Moderately
The quality of something that makes
it hard to do
A Easily
B Difficulty
C Averagely
D Moderately
SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY
(WUBBOLDING, 2000)
Failure to satisfy any or all of the
genetic needs create pain
Difficulty in adjusting / prioritizing
contents of Quality World as he/she
grows
SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY
(WUBBOLDING, 2000)
Conflict among the ones in the
Quality World
Conflict of wants with other
people’s wants
Unachievable wants
G
G O A L
GOALS
Determination of priorities that
are achievable and acceptable
Realistic Quality World
C
F O C U S
MAJOR FOCUS
Total Behavior
Here- and – now
ROLE OF COUNSELORS
(Glasser, 1998)
Help client recognize, understand
and satisfy their Quality World
Help client make Quality World
more realistic by helping to
eliminate the unattainable and to
prioritize wants.
K I M G H
F C A R E
R H A L O
A U R S V
C A K I S
K I M G H
F C A R E
R H A L O
A U R S V
C A K I S
Seven deadly habits
Criticizing
Blaming
Complaining
Nagging
Threatening
Punishing
Bribing or rewarding
Seven Caring habits
Supporting
Encouraging
Listening
Accepting
Trusting
Respecting
Negotiating differences
CH_______
C H ARACTERS
COUNSELOR/ THERAPIST
CHARACTERISTICS AND
COMPETENCIES
(Wubbolding, 2000)
Always be courteous – valuing client as
an independent, self-sustaining
individual
Always be determined –
communicating sense of hope, over
and above understanding the client
Always be enthusiastic- looking for
strengths or positive, effective and
satisfying client behaviors.
Ability to use self-disclosure to
deepen relationship without
stealing focus from client.
Capacity to listen and respond
metaphors to help client laugh
at self and take better control of
behavior (Wubbolding , 1991).
Skill to listen to themes and
recognize them as part of
client’s control system: needs,
wants, behaviors, perceptions,
etc.
Competence in helping client
realize the consequences of
his/her chosen behaviors by
forewarning and allowing him/ her
to experience the natural outcome
of non-cooperation or negative
behavior.
I learned that courage was not the absence of
fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is
not he who does not feel afraid, but he who
conquers that fear.
Nelson Mandela
1918-2013
LEADS AND RESPONSES
Acceptance
Restatement
Clarification
Summarization
General Leads
LEADS AND RESPONSES
Open Questions
Closed Questions
Encourager
Paraphrase
Reflection of Feeling
Summarization
S I
T H E
C
N E U Q
__________
S I
T H E
C
N E U Q
TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES ( Glasser, 2000 )
Grab Bag Therapy
determining what one wants to
happen in a particular dilemma, what
client is already doing to make it happen,
brainstorming on what else could be
done, selecting and trying out one
suggestion.
TECHNIQUES ( Glaze, 2000 )
Changing verbs to emphasize personal
choice:
e.g. “ I am angering myself “ as
opposed to “ I am angry “
TECHNIQUES ( Glasser, 1998 )
WDEP
determining wants and what client
is doing, evaluating the doing in the
terms of the wants and planning new
behavior
S____
S TEPS
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Involvement
establishing positive relationship between
client and counselor by relating which client even
outside and prior to the counseling sessions and
talking about matters not realated to the client’s
concern
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Dealing with current behavior-
asking client what his/her current
behavior is: “What are you doing?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Evaluating current behavior-
asking client to evaluate his/her
own behavior: “Is what you are doing
helping you get what you want?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Planning responsible behavior-
working out a plan for responsible
behavior: “What can help you get what
you want?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Commitment-
obtaining the client’s commitment
to the planned behavior: “Will you do
it?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
No excuses-
refusing to accept any excuse
presented by the client for evasion of
responsible behavior. Instead this
question could be asked: “When will you
do it?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
No punishment-
inhibiting penalty for client’s
repeated evasion of responsible behavior.
Another question would be: “Will you
still do it?”
STEPS
Reality Therapy Steps (Glasser, 1963)
Never give up-
persistent in pursuing the client in
order to ensure that responsible,
realistic, and right behavior is
performed. This can involve a review of
the process and revision of plans.
CHOICES
Involvement
Listen with no judgment or criticism
Involvement
Listen with no judgment or criticism
Continuation………
Current behavior
Identify the person’s behavioral
pattern that ends up as a problem to
determine where pain resides
Convey the view that the problem
behavior is understandable and makes
sense, considering the situation
Continuation………
Evaluate plan of action using SAM12C3
(Wubbolding, 2000 p. 143)
S- Simple: clear and uncomplicated
A- Attainable: realistically doable:
possible
M- Measurable: when: where: with
whom; how; how many times?
Continuation………
Evaluate plan of action using SAM12C3
(Wubbolding, 2000 p. 143)
I- Involved: sometimes performed with
help of the counselor, when necessary
I- Immediate: done soon
C- Controlled by client, not an outsider
Continuation………
Evaluate plan of action using SAM12C3
(Wubbolding, 2000 p. 143)
C- Consistent: Done repeatedly
C- Committed to: determination to
perform
HISTORY
HISTORY TAKING
Not necessary since the problem
relationship is always a part of the
present life
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
Not considered necessary
Non- psychometric assessment on-going
throughout session
Prepared by:
• Arumpac, Jeremy
• Caguete, Rochelle
• Custodio, Lou Aldous
• Manguiat, Maria Rica Joy
• Padilla, Keziah
• Renales, Mark Anthony R.
