1899 CONSTITUTION
REPORT BY: REX BUSTAMANTE, CARL BUERE, KENT COSA, JONARD BUBAN
AND CHRYSTIA CAMPIT
Important Events that resulted to
the Inauguration of Malolos
Constitution
May 19, 1898 - Emilio Aguinaldo landed in
Cavite
THE BATTLE OF ALAPAN
- happened in May 28, 1898 and was the first
victorious battle of Aguinaldo's revolutionary
forces after their return from exile in Hong Kong
- the Filipino troops marched triumphantly raising
the Philippine flag for the first time
PROCLAMATION OF THE PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
June 12, 1898, balcony of the mansion of PRESIDENT
EMILIO AGUINALDO in KAWIT CAVITE
was read by DON AMBROSIO RIANZARES BAUTISTA
the PHILIPPINE FLAG, sewn under the supervision of
DOÑA MARCELA DE AGONCILLO in HONG KONG,
was unfurled
two bands played the MARCHA NACIONAL FILIPINA,
composed by MAESTRO JULIAN FELIPE, which
became the PHILIPPINES NATIONAL HYMN.
June 12, 1898
Aguinaldo passed a decree calling for the
reorganization of the provincial and municipal
governments
the requirements for voting and nomination to
public office were restricted to those who were
"CITIZENS OF 20 YEARS OF AGE OR ABOVE WHO
WERE FRIENDLY TO PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE
AND WERE DISTINGUISHED FOR THEIR HIGH
CHARACTER, SOCIAL POSITION AND
HONORABLE CONDUCT, BOTH IN THE CENTER OF
COMMUNITY AND THE SUBURB"
PEDRO ALEJANO PATERNO
- when rumors of an
impending Spanish-American war were
circulating in April 1898, noted ilustrados led by
him offered their services to the Spanish
Governor General
DON FELIPE BUENCAMINO
- however, when Aguinaldo returned from exile,
several ilustrados serving the Spanish militia, like
him, abandoned the Spaniards and announced
conversion to the revolutionary cause
1898 - year in which the American
soldiers arrived in the Philippine
shore
May 1, 1898
the US Asiatic Squadron led by COMMODORE
GEORGE DEWEY destroyed the Spanish forces in
the historic Battle of Manila Bay
GOVERNOR GENERAL BASILIO DE SAN AGUSTIN
- signed gubernatorial decree on May 9, 1898 creating a
Consultative Assembly, naming prominent Filipinos in
order to get their support in the Spanish-American War
Doble Cara or Duplicity
- is a popular political and diplomatic game during this
time. For example, Commodore George Dewey sent a
representative to President Aguinaldo during the
declaration of independence while also accepting the
terms of payment for the Spaniards to surrender to the
Americans after the MOCK BATTLE OF MANILA on August
13, 1898 which basically doomed and ended the
Philippine Independence at the time.
February 4, 1899
- the precarious and uneasy Philippine-American
alliance have collapsed and the Philippine-
American war broke out and threatened to
annihilate the newfound freedom of the
Filipinos. The Americans dominated the war and
started to rule the country amidst Filipino
resistance that lasted from 1902 and beyond
Several events made the Filipinos suspicious of the motive of
the Americans which led to hostility between them:
instructions of the Americans to Aguinaldo's troop to
evacuate the strategic locations in Manila Bay area
the refusal of the American Military authorities to allow the
Filipino army to enter the city after its surrender
the area limitations assigned by the Americans to the
Filipino troops after the mock battle of Manila
the Benevolent Assimilation proclamation by Pres. William
McKinley
the shooting incident in a bridge wherein an American
sentry Private ROBERT W. GRAYSON fored at and killed a
Filipino soldier
Apolinario Mabini
- known as the "Sublime Paralytic" because his
spirit was not deterred by his physical handicap,
and the "Brains of the Revolution" due to his
intellectual acumen
January 21, 1899 - Aguinaldo proclaimed the
Malolos Constitution
January 23, 1899 - the Philippine Republic was
inaugurated in Malolos. Bulacan
Malolos Constitution of 1899
first democratic constitution in all of Asia
has two primary provisions in which it established
a popular and representative government with
three distinct and equal branches of
government, and provided a Bill of Rights for its
citizens
