ODN

Planning&Design

Telefonica GPON
www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page2
 Optical Distribution Network (ODN) for
FTTx
Fibre Distribution Point Customer Access Point
Feeder Cable Distribution Cable Drop cable

OLT ONT
Building
Riser Duct

Building
Telephone
FTTC Roadside FTTB Room (FAT) FTTH
cabinet (FDT)

Manhole Manhole Manhole Pole

Indoor
Mounted FAT
or TB
CO

Underground

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 ODN Solution: FTTH
3-5 km < 300 m

PC
Feeder Distribution Drop cable
optical cable optical cable
Home
TV

Center GPON Phone

office ONT
PC

TV

Phone

GPON PC

Fiber P2P
Phone

P2P

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 4
 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

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Page5
 CO

Basic Network Topologies Closure

FDT
FAT

Star(tree) Ring(Loop Bus

)

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Page6
 Star (Tree & Branch) Cable
Topology

• The CO is located at the nominal

central part
• Cable sizes are tapered down
CO into smaller from CO
• Diversity can only be fed by a
separate cable/star

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Ring (Loop) Cable Topology

F
e
a
t
u
 The CO is located at a point of the ring r
 Same cable size throughout the ring
e
 Diversity can be fed from either sides of the ring
s

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Bus Topology

CO
CO

• The cable links to two COs that are not far apart
• Fibres can be used for both local & junction applications
• Diversity can only be fed by separate COs

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Page9
 Design of ODN Cable Network Topology
Sector Consumer Sector Business Sector
Customer Private individual Teleworker SME Enterprise, Hospitality
Type SOHO

Buildings Residential Buildings Commercial Buildings

Urban Single-Dwelling Multi-Dwelling Scattered Commercial Dense Business Areas
Landscape Unit (SDU) Areas Unit (MDU) Areas •Multi-tenant •Commercial Complex
•Villa-type •Apartments •Malls •Down town urban
dwellings •Public Housing •Shops, Offices area
•Row-housing

Route Residential & Scattered Business

Dense Business Routes
Type Routes
Suggested
Star (Tree & Branch) Ring or Bus
Topology

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page11
 Type A -fiber backup

Main
features
There is no backup on devices.
When the primary fiber fails, the services on the fiber are transferred to

the secondary fiber.

Service interruption occurs, and the interruption duration depends on

the time of line recovery.

When disconnection occurs on the line from splitter to ONT, service

interruption will occur and no backup happens.

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Page12
 Type B - OLT interface backup

Main
features
OLT provides two GPON interfaces.
This type protects the primary fiber. When the primary fiber fails, the

services on the fiber are transferred to the secondary fiber.

The protected objects are restricted to the fiber from the OLT to the

ONT and boards of the OLT. For the faults that occur on other parts, no
protection is provided. With potential security problems, it cannot satisfy
the customer requirements.
Fault locating fails.

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Page13
 Type C - all backup

Main
features
This type is a type of whole-network protection. Two routes are

provided between OLT and ONT, ensuring recovery of various faults.

It is complex to realize this solution and it is not cost-effective.

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Page14
 Type D - whole link protection

Main
features
It supports the usage of mixed ONTs in the network. ONTs either with

a single PON port or with two PON ports can be used. Users can select
ONTs based on the actual needs.
It is complex to realize this solution and it is not cost-effective.

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Page15
Method of an ODN Design-Dual-homing Protection
Mode for the OLT
Optical splitter
ONT #1 launching
 The EMS configures

Working interface
OLT A the GPON working
interface and standby
ONT #2 interface.
No launching EMS  The working interface
OLT B
…

works but the standby

Standby interface interface does not
work.
ONT #N

ONT #1 Optical splitter

Alarm to EMS
 If the working interface is
OLT A powered off, an alarm is
Working interface generated.
ONT #2 launching  Then, the standby
EMS interface works as the
OLT B
…

working interface under

Standby interface Open the standby the control of the EMS.
interface
ONT #N

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 16
 Method of an ODN Design-Solution Selection

Protection Scheme Advantage Disadvantage

Optical cables are protected at

Type A No protection against other faults
the feeder cable section.

1. Optical cables are protected at

Type B
the feeder cable section. No protection against other faults
(recommended)
2. The OLT board is protected.

Type C The entire network is protected. High investment and hard to implement

Type D The entire network is protected. High investment and hard to implement

Loop protection formed by

Dual homing (P2P) Very high investment and hard to implement
different COs.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 17
 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page18
 Splitting Strategy Considerations
 In deciding the number of stages of optical splitting
to be used, ODN Designer should take into account
these factors :
 customer density,
 distribution of customers
 utilization of the splitter’s output ports.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page19
 Centralized Optical Splitting

ONU

Optical
OLT
splitter

ONU

1- Stage O ptical Splitting

 In general one-stage optical splitting can be used for

all FTTx architectures. For FTTH, it is suitable for
commercial building, medium rise building and villas.

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Page20
 Centralized Optical Splitting in
FTTH
 Centralized optical splitting FTTH for Medium Rise Buildings (< 10 storey)
is also suitable for FTTH for
medium rise MDU. With
households not more than
50 per customer building,
ODN designer can deploy a
1:32 optical splitter to
serve the whole customer
Splitter in the Telephone
building. Room of the building

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Page21
 Location of Centralized Optical
Splitter
ODF Primary Secondary
FDT FDT FAT

OLT
Feeder Cable Primary Secondary
Distribut ion Distri bution
Cable Cable
ONU

 Indoor Environment
ONU

 In centralized telecom
room of small community ONU

area. Optical splitter in

custom er bui ldi ng

 In Telecom/ ELV room of1- Stage O ptical Splitting

customer building.
 On wall-mounted fibre Terminal Box (TB) in the
riser duct of the customer building.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page22
 Location of Centralized Optical
Splitter
ODF Primary Secondary Closure
FDT FDT

OLT
Secondary
Primary
Distribution
Feeder Cable Distribution
Cable
Cable
ONU

 Outdoor Environment
ONU

 At the Primary Fibre

Distribution Terminal ONU

(FDT) Optical splitter housed in outdoor

environment ( In FDT/Splice Closure)

 At the Secondary Fibre

1- Stage O ptical Splitting
 Distribution
At the Fibre Terminal
Splice closure in the manhole or on
telephone pole.

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Page23
 Cascaded Optical Splitting

ONU

Optical
spli tter

ONU
Optical
OLT splitter
ONU

1st Stage Optical

Optical Splitter spli tter
ONU

2nd Stage Optical

Splitter

2-Stages Optical Splitting

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Page24
 Location of Cascaded Optical
Splitter
ONU

ONU

OLT

ONU

ODF
ONU
1 st stage splitter at the Exchange

2nd Stage Optical

Splitter at FAT

 Splitter at Exchange and

2-Stages OpticalFAT
Splitting

 This design is suitable for area where most of the customers

are living in houses ( Single Dwelling Unit, SDU) and that
Multiple Dwelling Units (MDU) are few.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page25
 Location of Cascaded Optical
Splitter
 Two-Stages Splitting at Customer Building
ONU
 This design is suitable for
area where the customers ONU

ONU
are densely populated and
live in high rise buildings ONU

(MDU). This design is

widely adopted in Korea ONU

and Hong Kong. ONU

OLT

ODF
1st stage optical 2nd stage optical
splitter at the FAT splitter at TB

2- Stage O ptical Splitting

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Page26
 Location of Cascaded Optical
Splitter
 Two Stages Optical Splitting at FDT & FAT
 This design is particularly
suitable for scattered SDUs in ONU

the rural areas. It is also

Drop cable ONU
suitable for rural community
where the Network Operator
wants to upgrade the ONU
ODF FDT
performance of her broadband ONU

network.OLT
1st stage optical 2nd stage optical
splitter at the FDT splitter at FAT

2- Stage O ptical Splitting

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page27
Method of an ODN Design-Splitting Solution
Confirmation
Splitting Mode Concept Advantage Disadvantage

Splitters are placed in a centralized Centralized management,

Centralized Hard to expand
manner. Generally, in centralized less splices, less link loss,
splitting the capacity
splitting, 1-level splitting is adopted. low maintenance cost

Splitters are widely distributed, and 1. Hard for

splitting close to the user end is 1. Easy for future expansion management
Distributed
installed in closure. Distributed 2. Relatively small 2. High
splitting
splitting may not necessarily be 2- investment maintenance
level splitting. cost

★ Huawei recommends centralized splitting; however, for customers with limited investment, distributed splitting is recommended.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 28
 Configuration Criteria of Optical
Splitting
 The overall ratio of the optical splitting shall be
based on the bandwidth requirement of the
customers and also its total link loss.
 ITU-T G.984-1—Gigabit-capable Passive Optical
Networks (GPON) recommended that for GPON, the
total splitting of an ODN is 1:64.
 It also recommended that for GPON, the physical
reach- the maximum physical distance between the
ONU and the OLT, should not be more than 20km.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page29
 Splitter solutions
Splitting GPON
Type Typical application
Ratio bandwidth
1: 8 156M/312M For Mobile Backhaul
Centralized 1:16 78M/156M For Enterprise/Office, VIP
splitting 1:32 39M/78M For Resident, VIP, Enterprise
1:64 19M/39M For Resident
1:2 + 1:8 78M/156M For Enterprise/Office, VIP
1:2+1:16 39M/78M For Resident, VIP, Enterprise
Cascading 1:4+1:8 39M/78M For Resident, VIP, Enterprise
Splitting 1:4+1:16 19M/39M For Resident
1:8+1:8 19M/39M For Resident
1:2+1:32 19M/39M For Resident
Typical GPON: Upstream 1.25Gbps/Downstream 2.5Gbps

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

03/30/20
 Splitter solution

Scenario 1 : High-Medium Rise Building

characteristic :
1 ） More than 64 units
2 ） With Telecom Equipment Room (TER) at G/F
and cable riser

Solution 1
One-stage centralized splitting
Splitter in ODF at TER
Drop wire connected from the splitter port and link
to the ATB in the customer premises

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Page31
 Splitter solution

Scenario 1 : High-Medium Rise Building

Characteristic :
1)More than 64 units
2)With Telecom Equipment Room (TER) at G/F
3)With cable riser

Solution 2
One-stage centralized splitting
Splitter in ODF at TER
Provide vertical blockwiring with fibre division box
at appropriate floor
Drop wire connected from the fibre division box
and link to the ATB in the customer premises

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page32
 Splitter solution

Scenario 1 : High-Medium Rise Building

Characteristic :
1)More than 64 units
2)With Telecom Equipment Room at G/F
3)With cable riser

Solution 3
Scattered splitting
Wall mounted splitter units located at
appropriate floors
Drop wire connected from the splitter ports and
link to the ATB in the customer premises

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Page33
 Splitter solution

Scenario 2 : Low rise building

Characteristic :
1)Less than 64 units
2)Without Telecom Equipment
Room and cable riser

Solution
Centralized splitting at FDT
Provide fibre division box at
appropriate floor
Fibre cable connected from FDT
to each fibre division box
Drop wire connected from the
division box and link to the ATB in
the customer premises

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Page34
 Splitter solution
Scenario 3 : Villa Type Houses Solution 1

Characteristic One-stage centralized splitting at FDT

1)Single Dwelling Unit FAT installed on aerial pole
2)Without Telecom Equipment Room and cable riser Use aerial drop wire from FAT connect to SDU
3)Customers are scattered and no U/G duct route

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Page35
 Splitter solution
Scenario 3 : Villa Type Houses Solution 2

Characteristic 2-stage splitting

1)Single Dwelling Unit 1st stage in FDT and 2nd stage in FAT
2)Without Telecom Equipment Room and cable riser FAT installed on aerial pole
3)Customers are scattered and no U/G duct route Use aerial drop wire from FAT connect to SDU

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Page36
 Splitter solution
Scenario 4 : Large nos. of Villa Type Houses + small nos. of low-rise
building
Solution 1: Install FDT with splitters
For SDU, one-stage splitting at FDT
For low-rise building, 1 st stage splitting at FDT and 2 nd stage splitting at FAT inside the building

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Page37
 Splitter solution
Scenario 4 : Large nos. of Villa Type Houses + small nos. of low-rise
building
Solution 2: Install FDT with splitters
For SDU, one-stage splitting at FDT
For low-rise building, one-stage splitting at FAT inside the building

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page38
 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page39
 Where to Locate OLT? S3: Outdoor Cabinet
Adv.
Save optical cables
•
S2: CO site Disadv.
Adv. •Difficult for management and
•Medium distance coverage maintenance
S1: Aggregation site •Easy for management maintenance •Shorter distance coverage

Adv. •Balance between capacity and •Power supply required

•Longer distance coverage resources occupation (Plant ,cable

•Easy for operation and and duct)
maintenance
Disadv.
• Need more optical cables

Aggregation layer CO Outdoor Cabinet

 Different OLT location has different advantages and disadvantages, location selection depends on the
reasonable cost of network construction and network development requirements of the operator .
 Utilize the long distance coverage feature of PON (20Km) as much as possible.

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

03/30/20
 Where to Locate the Splitter?
S1: Splitter in CO site
Adv.
Easy for management maintenance
•
S2: Splitter in Res. CO
Disadv.
•Lots of fiber are needed
site
•Lack of network flexibility
Adv.
•Higher deployment cost
•Centralized, easy/flexible to
mount
•Network is Simplified

•Cost saving in density scenario.

Res,CO

S4: Splitter in basement

C Adv.
O • Save optical cables
Disadv.
•Network is Complicated
S3: Splitter in Outdoor Cabinet •Non-efficient utilization of PON ports
Adv.
•Suitable for high density building
•Good at Network flexibility
•Low cost in residential distribution network
•Higher utilization rate

Disadv.
• Need more drop cables Outdoor Cabinet

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

03/30/20
Where to Locate ODF, FDT,FAT and Closure
Abide by the following principles when installing devices such as ODF, FDH, and closure:
 Ensure that the selected installation position is available. (Permission from local government and resident owners
must be obtained, and the ambient environment must not affect the normal running of devices installed.)
 Use as few optical fibers as possible to minimize the overall cost (including the construction cost and maintenance
cost).
 Ensure that the coverage radius and the maximum differential distance (20 km) meet the requirements.

ODF FDT FAT

Closure

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Page 42
Method of an ODN Design-Equipment
Selection
ODF Integrated Splice &
series ODF ODF cable entry unit Cabling unit Base Termination Unit

FDT Integrated splicing

Huawei's series FDT FDT FDT Splice Unit and termination
unit
ODN pro
Optical
ducts splitter Indoor Wall-mounted Indoor Rack-mounted Outdoor Splitter Modular Splitter
series
FAT
series Indoor FAT Outdoor FAT

TB/ATB
series TB ATB

Connector
series Pigtail Adapter Patch cord Mechanical splicer FA connector

Cable/Closure Flexible optical

series Optical cable cable Closure

Principles of selecting a device: reserve certain margin for future capacity expansion

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 43
 Contents
1. Deployment Scenarios Design

2. ODN Topology Design

3. ODN Protection Design

4. ODN Splitting Strategy

5. ODN Equipment site location

6. ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page44
 Optical Power Budget
Table G.984.2 – Classes for optical path loss
Class A Class B Class B ＋ Class C

Minimum loss 5 dB 10 dB 13 dB 15 dB

Maximum loss 20 dB 25 dB 28 dB 30 dB

Items Unit Single fibre

OLT OLT
Mean launched power MIN dBm +1.5
Note:
Mean launched power MAX dBm 5
 End to End fiber link Minimum sensitivity dBm -28
loss budget calculation Minimum overload dBm -8
 Class B+ is used for
Huawei OLT and ONT ONU ONU
product, standard spec Mean launched power MIN dBm 0.5
as shown in table
Mean launched power MAX dBm 5
 Normally 3 db is spare
for maintenance Minimum sensitivity dBm -27
margin Minimum overload dBm -8

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Page45
 Optical Power Budget
Fiber Splitter
Attenuatio Attenuatio
n n

Optical
Power
Budget

Splice Connector
Attenuatio Attenuatio
n n

Total loss of an ODN =

fiber attenuation × (length of cable) + splitter attenuation + splice attenuation
× (number of splices) + connector attenuation × (number of connectors) +
safety margin

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Page46
 Optical Power Budget

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Page47
 Optical Power Calculation Case
Study
Attenuation Calculation Mode
OLT ODF closure closure Closure & 1:8 splitter closure closure FAT & 1:8 splitter TB ATB ONT

0.2 0.2+0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1+10.2+0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1+0.2+10.2+0.2+0.1 0.1+0.2+0.1 0.1+0.2 0.2

Optical power attenuation in ODN link

Legend
Optical power attenuation
No Item Description remark
(dB) adapter
1310 nm optical cable
0.35 5 connecter
Fiber optical cable (db/km)
1 splicing
(G.652) 1490 nm optical cable
0.25 　 Fiber core
(db/km)
Fusion splicing point 0.1 12
Adapter connector 0.2 7
2 Connecting point
FA connector 0.5 0
Mechanical splicing point 0.3 0
3 1:64 splitter 19.7 0
4 1:32 splitter 17 0
5 1:16 splitter 13.5 0
Splitter unit
6 1:8 splitter 10.2 2
7 1:4 splitter 7.2 0
8 1:2 splitter 3.5 0
9 Redundancy redundancy loss 3 　
E2E Link attenuation ＝ 5×0.35 ＋ 12×0.1 ＋ 7×0.2 ＋ 10.2×2 =24.75dB

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Page48
 PON Coverage Calculation Case
Study

No redundancy loss is included

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Page49
 Summary
 ODN Topology Design
 ODN Protection Design
 ODN Splitting Strategy
 ODN Link Loss Budget

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page50
 Glossary
 FTTx : Fibre to the X  ODN : Optical Fibre
 FTTH : Fibre to the Home Distribution Network
 FTTO : Fibre to the Office  ONU : Optical Network
 FTTB : Fibre to the Building Unit
 FTTC : Fibre to the Curb  ODF : Optical
 MDU : Multi Dwelling Unit Distribution Frame

 SDU : Single Dwelling Unit  MSAN : Multi Service

 OLT : Optical Line Terminal Access Network
 ITU_T : International
Telecom Union-Telecom
Sector
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Page51
Thank you
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