2020年4月21日 星期二
Microwave
Antenna
Alignment
www.huawei.com
Wang Fuzhong
Transmission Engineering
Dept.TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
HUAWEI
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Tools and Resources for antenna Alignment
Riggers for antenna alignment: 4person, 2 for each site
Multimeter: 2pcs, one for each site
Laptop: 1, for Radio configuration and RSL check
Engineering Order Wire handset
Spanner (Wrench)
Binoscopic
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Antenna Radial Profile
>15dB
Simplified to
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Antenna Radial Pattern Envelope (RPE)
Top or side View of the antenna (RPE)
Main Beam
1st Side Lobe
The theoretic difference of the
gains between main beam
with 1st side lobe: 15 to 20dB.
During panning, If the difference between RSL with objective is less than 15dB, it
means the main beam already touched. Just do the fine-tuning.
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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)
1st Side Lobe
Main beam
Boresight View
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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)
Main beam
Main beam Side
View
HPBW
Boresight View 1st Side Lobe
Main beam Top
View
FNBW: First Null BeamWidth
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Antenna Alignment
Pan the antenna by Multi-meter & LCT
+3.45V
Multi-Meter
RSSI or AGC
ODU Voltage
IF CABLE
RSSI/VAGC
1st Side Lobe Azimuth
Main beam
IDU
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Antenna panning (Horizontal)
Top
View
Main beam Main beam
1st Side Lobe
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Antenna Panning (Vertical)
Main beam Main beam Side
View
1st Side Lobe
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Antenna Alignment (Horizontal)
Misaligned Proper Aligned
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Antenna Alignment
Boresight View of Azimuth Tracking
Signal Levels for Each Track
Paths for Different Elevations
Line A-A represents the azimuth tracking path of a properly aligned antenna.
The main beam is at point 2, and the first side lobe at points 1 and 3.
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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)
Up and Down Misaligned
Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane
Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane
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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)
Aligned properly
Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane
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Special alignment to mitigate specular reflection
multipath fading for extremely long haul
Proper Aligned
Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane
A little up-tilt (0.35 to 0.5 degree, depending on the FNBW) of the
antennas so as to mitigate major ground specular refelection which
result in multi-path fading at long haul link which over water-body
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Steps for MW Installation
Check RFT (Ready for Telecom)
Safety check
Antenna and Outdoor works first under good weather condition
IF cabling or Elliptical waveguide laying
Indoor works (even in bad weather or night time)
Labelling all the cables and links
Grounding
Premises Cleaning after the works
Power Tapping
etc.
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Steps for antennas panning
Pointing both side antennas to each other by azimuth
Power on both sides’ radio
Panning by multi-meters as well as Laptop with LCT
Keep one antenna, i.e. Antenna #01 immobility (fixed temporary)
Panning antenna #02 (coordinate antenna) at azimuth first(Horizental),
achieve RSL(or RSSI) peak, then by up/down (or Vertically), achieve
the peak RSL (or RSSI) also, fix it temporary
Panning antenna #01 with the same way as above, then fix it
Panning both sides antennas alternately till to achieve expected RSL
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Thank You
www.huawei.com
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