Scribd
Upload
112 views29 pages

Pearson R.PPTX Version 1

The document discusses how to calculate and interpret the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), which measures the strength and direction of association between two continuous variables. It provides the formula to compute r and explains that r values range from -1 to 1, with higher absolute values indicating stronger correlations and the sign indicating the direction of the relationship. Examples are given to demonstrate how to calculate r and determine if a significant relationship exists between two sets of score data.

Uploaded by

Jetmay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
112 views29 pages

Pearson R.PPTX Version 1

The document discusses how to calculate and interpret the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), which measures the strength and direction of association between two continuous variables. It provides the formula to compute r and explains that r values range from -1 to 1, with higher absolute values indicating stronger correlations and the sign indicating the direction of the relationship. Examples are given to demonstrate how to calculate r and determine if a significant relationship exists between two sets of score data.

Uploaded by

Jetmay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

PEARSON r

PEARSON PRODUCT MOMENT COEFFICIENT OF CORRELATION


(Pearson r)
Instructions for use

◉The Pearson Product Moment


Coefficient of Correlation r is
an index of relationship
between two variables.
◉The independent variable can
be represented by x while
dependent variable
represented by y.
Computed value
◉The value of r is +1,zero to -1.
◉ If the value of r is +1 or -1, there
is a perfect correlation between x
and y (-1≤ r ≤ 1 ).
◉ It can be said that x influences y
or y depends on x. However if r
equals zero then x and y are
independent of each other.
When to use Pearson r.
◉This is used to determine if
significant relationship exist
between independent and
dependent variable.
◉When the data for both variables
re expressed in terms of
quantitative variables it is
appropriate to use.
◉It is designed for use in interval or
Consider the x and y coordinates in the
graph below.
Interpretation:

◉If the trend of the line graph is


going upward, the value of r is
positive.
◉This indicates that as the value of
x increases the value of y also
increases the x and y being
positively correlated. The
relationship is directly
proportional.
Consider the x and y coordinates in the
graph below.
Interpretation:

◉If the trend of the line graph is


going downward, the value of r is
negative.
◉ It indicates that as the value of x
increases the corresponding value
of y decreases, and x and y being
negatively correlated.
◉The relationship is inversely
proportional.
Consider the x and y coordinates in the
graph below.
Interpretation:

◉If the trend of the line graph


cannot be established either
upward or downward, then r
= 0, indicating that there is
no correlation between x
and y variables.
Formula:
 
The results of r must be interpreted as follows only
after the value of r has been found significant.

r Verbal Interpretation
0.00 No Correlation
Slight Correlation
Low Correlation
Moderate Correlation
High Correlation
Very high Correlation
Perfect Correlation
Interpretation
◉Slight Correlation – The changes
in one variable cannot be
expected to signify change in the
other . (Almost negligible
relationship)
◉Low Correlation – The change in
one variable may not be expected
from a change in the other.
(Definite but small relationship)
Interpretation
◉ Moderate Correlation – The change
in one variable is expected from a
change in the other. (Substantial
relationship)
◉ High Correlation – The change in one
variable is expected with reliability
from change in the other. (Marked
relationship)
◉ Very High Correlation – The change
in one variable is expected to happen
Example:

The adviser of Grade 10 students


wants to determine whether the
students’ achievement test scores
in Mathematics and Physics are
related. She took the test result of
ten randomly selected students in
their exam and presented the
scores in a table. Test at 0.05 level
of significance if relationship exist.
Table 1
The Achievement Test Scores of
Ten Students in Mathematics
Student
and Physics
Mathematics Physics
1 46 48
2 45 46
3 43 42
4 33 40
5 31 36
6 31 35
7 29 37
8 26 38
9 30 44
10 31 42
STEPWISE METHOD

◉Problem: How
significant is the
relationship between the
students’ achievement
test scores in
Mathematics and Physics?
Null Hypothesis:
There is no significant
relationship between the
students’ achievement test
scores in Mathematics and
Physics.
Alternative Hypothesis:

There is significant
relationship between the
students’ achievement test
scores in Mathematics and
Physics.
◉Degrees of Freedom:
◉df = n -2
◉df = 10-2
◉df = 8
◉Critical Value : α =.05
◉= 0.6319
Mathematics Physics
Respondents (x) (y) x2 y2 xy
1 46 46 2116 2116 2116
2 45 46 2025 2116 2070
3 43 42 1849 1764 1806
4 33 40 1089 1600 1320
5 31 36 961 1296 1116
6 31 35 961 1225 1085
7 29 37 841 1369 1073
8 26 38 676 1444 988
9 30 44 900 1936 1320
10 31 42 961 1764 1302
  345 406 12379 16630 14196
Test Statistic

 
Tabular Presentation
Relationship Between the Students’ Test Scores
in Mathematics and Physics

Variable Degrees of Computed Critical Decision Interpretation


Freedom r Value Value
Mathematics  
Score 8   0.7156 0.6319 Positive High
  Correlation 
Physics
Score
Interpretation
Based on the computed r-value of 0.7156
which is higher than the critical value of
0.6319 with the degrees of freedom of 8
using .05 level of significance therefore the
null hypothesis is rejected. This shows that
there is a positive high correlation on the
students’ achievement in Mathematics and
Physics. This implies that students’
performance in Mathematics is directly
proportional to their performance in
Physics. Students who are good in Math
Example 2
Exercise:

Test the hypothesis using


stepwise method. Answer
should be written in yellow
paper. (Individual)
Twenty students are given
test in Mathematical Ability
and Abstract Reasoning . The
resulting scores are as
follows:
Respondent Mathematical Ability Abstract Reasoning
1 5 7
2 12 14
3 9 11
4 11 9
5 10 10
6 8 6
7 4 3
8 6 9
9 3 4
10 8 9
11 10 11
12 7 12
13 14 13
14 17 13
15 11 14
16 14 12
17 6 10
18 10 5
19 9 7
20 8 9
     
Compute the correlation
coefficient between these
scores and test if
significant relationship
exist between these scores
at .05 level of significance.

You might also like