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Unit 5 Motivation

The document outlines theories of motivation presented by Prof. Lata Singh. It discusses early theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Contemporary theories covered are goal setting theory, self-efficacy theory, reinforcement theory, equity theory, and expectancy theory. McClelland's achievement theory and Vroom's expectancy model are also summarized. Theories are explained through definitions and examples.

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SRK HONEY
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86 views19 pages

Unit 5 Motivation

The document outlines theories of motivation presented by Prof. Lata Singh. It discusses early theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Contemporary theories covered are goal setting theory, self-efficacy theory, reinforcement theory, equity theory, and expectancy theory. McClelland's achievement theory and Vroom's expectancy model are also summarized. Theories are explained through definitions and examples.

Uploaded by

SRK HONEY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MOTIVATION

•D R . L A T A S I N G H
•A S S O C I A T E P R O F E S S O R
•A R E A C H A I R P E R S O N H R

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Topics to be Covered
2
Basic concepts and Nature of Motivation
Motivation process

Theories of Motivation: Early theories of Motivation


Maslow’s Need Hierarchy,
Two –Factor Theory
McClelland’s Theory of Needs.

Contemporary theories of Motivation


Goal – Setting Theory
Self –Efficacy Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Equity Theory
Expectancy theory
Case Study: Workplace Bullies
Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20
Case let about Motivation
3

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Introduction: Motivation Differes
4
Between Individuals

Within Individuals at
different times

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


What is motivation?
5
Motivation is defined as
the processes that
account for an
individual’s intensity,
direction and persistence
of effort towards
attaining a goal.

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Process….
6

Needs

Drive

Goals

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


How it works?
7

Need Performance cycle

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Various theories of Motivation
8
Theories
.
Early
Contemporary
Scientific Human
management relation
Content Process

Maslow Herzberg Alderfer Achievement

Goal Setting Vroom Equity Porter&


Lawler's

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Maslow’s need Hierarchy
9

.

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Dual Factor TheoryHerzberg
By Herzberg
10

. Motivators that affect Hygiene factors that


job satisfaction affect job dissatisfaction

 Achievement  Organization rules and


 Advancement policies
 Autonomy  Relationship with co-
 Challenge workers
 Feedback  Relationship with
 Responsibility supervisors
 Salary
 Security
 Working conditions

Fredrick Herzberg: What do people want from their jobs?

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


David McClelland’s Achievement Model
11
The achievement motive
(nAch): People with high need for
achievement are self-motivated.
The power motive (nPower):
Power is the ability to influence
others to behave as we want.
The affiliation motive (nAff):
People with high need for
affiliation find satisfaction in the
quality of their social and
interpersonal relationships.

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Process Theories……………….
12

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Self efficacy Theory
13

Boss sets some higher goal


Albert Bandura

Enactive mastery
Vicarious Modeling
Verbal Persuasion
Arousal

Intelligence & Personality were ignored by Bandura

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Reinforcement Theory
14

Positive reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Vroom’s expectancy model
15
 .
Individual Efforts Expectancy (Effort performance

Probability): Expectancy represents an


Individual Performance individual’s belief that a particular level of
performance will be followed by a particular
Organizational Reward
degree of effort.

Personal Goals Instrumentality (Performance Reward


Probability): Instrumentality represents a


person’s belief that a particular outcome is
Motivation = Expectancy X contingent on accomplishing a specific level
Instrumentality X Valence
of performance.

M= E.X I.X V.
Valence (Reward Performance): Valence

refers to the positive or negative value that


people place on outcomes.

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Goal Setting Theory
16
A theory that says that specific Goal
and difficult goals, with feedback
Desire to meet the goal +
lead to higher performance.
Challenging goals get attention Self Efficacy Belief
Difficult goals energies Goal Commitment
For difficult goals people persist
Task Performance
in trying to achieve them
Then they form Strategies… Meeting the Goal
Feedback helps
Assumption: People can achieve
the goal, + want to achieve the
goal
MBO

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Equity theory by Adam Smith
17
 Perceived inequity creates tensions
Organizational Justice
in an individual
Distributive
 Amount of tension is proportional Procedural
to the magnitude of inequity
Interactional
 The tensions created in the
individual motivates him to reduce
the efforts
Overpaid Inequity
 The degree of motivation is
proportional to the perceived
Underpaid Inequity
inequity Equity
 Equity = Self Outcome/ Self Input
= Other’s outcome/ other’s input

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Now next is Few case situations……………….
18

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20


Thanks
19

Prof. Lata Singh 4/28/20

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