STONE MASONRY
What is stone masonry?
Stone masonry is made of stone units bonded
together with mortor.
1. Coursed Rubble Masonry
2. Uncoursed Rubble Msonry
In that type of masonry, the stones used are of different
sizes and shape.
They are not dressed.
They are used as they are available from the quarry.
The larger stones are laid first and spaces between them
are then filled up by means of spalls.
This type of masonry is used for,
1. Compound Wall
2. Godowns
3. Garages
4. labournquarters
3.Random Rubble Masonry
In that type of masonry stones
of irregular shapes and sizes
are used.
This masonry is slightly better
then uncoursed rubble
masonry.
If the face stones are chisel-
dressed and the thickness of
motar joints does not exceed
6 mm , it is called as random
rubble masony 1 short.
If the face stones are dressed
Residential building
by use of hammer and
thickness of motar joints
does not exceed 12 mm, it’s
called as random rubble
masonry 2 short.
This type of masonry is used
for,
1.residentialbuildings
2. Godowns
3. compound Wall etc….
Example of random rubble masonry
4. Dry rubble masonry
This type of masonry
is used in the
construction of retaining
Wall, Pitching earhen
dams and slopes in the
form of random rubble
masonry without mortar.
The hollow spaces
formed around stones
should be tightly packed
with smaller stones pieces
In this type, the construction is made to course, similar to the
random rubble masonry, but without mortar.
This may be used for non-load bearing walls, such as compound
wall, etc.
Throgh stone are provided in each course at an interval of 2 m.
5.Polygonal rubble masonry
In that type of masonry, the stones are roughly dressed
to an irregular polygonal shape.
The stones should be so arranged as to avoid long
vertical joints in face work.
The face joints are seen running in an irregular fashion in all
directions.
More skill is required in the construction of this type of
masonry.
6.Flint rubble masonry
This type of masonary is used in the area where
the flint is available in plenty.
The flint stones varying in thickness from 8cm to
15 cm and length from 15 cm to 30 cm are
arranged in the facing in the form of coursed or
uncoursed masonry.
The joints are slightly raked back with a pointed
stick to improve the appearance.
ASHLAR MASONRY
1. ASHLAR FINE MASONRY
In this type of masonry the beds, faces, and sides of
stones are finely-chisel dressed.
The stones are arranged in proper bond and the
thickness of the mortar joint does not exceed 3 mm
The height of the courses is never less then 30 cm
and generally all the courses are kept of the same
height.
This type of construction gives perfectly smooth
appearance, but it is costly in construction.
2.Ashlar rough tooled masonry
In this type of ashlar masonry, the beds and sides
are finely chisel-dressed. But the face is made
rough by means of tools.
A strip, about 25mm wide made by chisel is
provided around the perimeter of every stone
exposed for view.
The thickness of mortar joints does not exceed 6
mm, It is also called as bastard ashlar.
3.Ashlar rock or quarry faced masonry
In this type of ashlar masonry, a strip about
25mm wide and made by means of chisel is
provided around the perimeter of every stone as
in case of rough-tooled ashlor masondry. But the
remaining portion of the face is left in the same
form as received from quarry.
Only projections on the face, know as bushing
exceeding 80 mm are removed by hammer.
This type of construction gives massive
appearance.
4.Ashlar chamfered masonry
In this type of ashlar masonry, the strip of about
25 mm wide and made by means of a chisel, is
provided around the perimeter of each stone
exposed for view as in case of ashlar quarry faced
But it is chamfered or bevelled at an angle of 45
degrees by means of chisel for a depth of about
25mm.
5.Ashlar back in course masonry
