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Unit II Pathophysiology of CVS: by Hidayat Khan KMU

The document discusses arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). It defines arteriosclerosis as a disease characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity in arterial walls, reducing blood supply. Major risk factors for arteriosclerosis and CHD include hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes, age, heredity, and gender. Symptoms of CHD can include chest pain, shortness of breath, and pain or pressure in the arms, neck or jaws. CHD is caused by reduced blood supply due to narrowing of coronary arteries, which can eventually lead to a heart attack from a blood clot blocking an artery.

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57 views17 pages

Unit II Pathophysiology of CVS: by Hidayat Khan KMU

The document discusses arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). It defines arteriosclerosis as a disease characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity in arterial walls, reducing blood supply. Major risk factors for arteriosclerosis and CHD include hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes, age, heredity, and gender. Symptoms of CHD can include chest pain, shortness of breath, and pain or pressure in the arms, neck or jaws. CHD is caused by reduced blood supply due to narrowing of coronary arteries, which can eventually lead to a heart attack from a blood clot blocking an artery.

Uploaded by

SHAFIQ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit II

Pathophysiology of CVS
By
Hidayat Khan
KMU
Arteriosclerosis and
Coronary Heart Disease
(CHD)
Arteriosclerosis
Disease of the arteries characterized by
thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of
arterial walls
Resulting in decreased blood supply particularly
to the cerebrum and lower extremities
Often develops with:
• aging
• hypertension
• diabetes
Progression of Arteriosclerosis
Risk factors
High blood pressure (hypertension)
High blood cholesterol
Smoking
Obesity
Physical inactivity
Diabetes
Stress (?) Controllable
Risk Factors (cont’d)
Gender
Heredity
Age

Uncontrollable
Major Risk Factors:
The Big Three
Hypertension
High cholesterol
All three increase risk
Cigarette smoking factor eight times

AND…. we should add LACK OF EXERCISE


Symptoms of CHD
Chest pain (angina)
Shortness of breath
Heaviness, tightness, pain, burning, pressure or
squeezing
behind the breastbone or in the arms, neck, or jaws
Pain may vary
Perhaps no pain
Cause & Consequencess of CHD
Lack of oxygen due to ischemia (lack of blood supply)
Narrowing of coronary arteries
Heart responds with angina
Finally, heart attack (myocardial infarction
local ischemia usually due to thrombus (clot) or embolus
(clot that has moved from another site and lodged in a
smaller vessel)
Possible permanent damage

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