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Introduction To Structual Theory

This document provides an introduction to structural theory and engineering. It defines what constitutes a structure and discusses structural design, analysis, and the main objectives of satisfying utility, safety, economy, and aesthetics. Additionally, it outlines different types of structures like rigid frames and trusses, as well as common structural members like beams, columns, struts, and their roles. Finally, it briefly discusses other structural elements like grids, cables, arches, plates, and slabs.

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Victor Lim
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60 views

Introduction To Structual Theory

This document provides an introduction to structural theory and engineering. It defines what constitutes a structure and discusses structural design, analysis, and the main objectives of satisfying utility, safety, economy, and aesthetics. Additionally, it outlines different types of structures like rigid frames and trusses, as well as common structural members like beams, columns, struts, and their roles. Finally, it briefly discusses other structural elements like grids, cables, arches, plates, and slabs.

Uploaded by

Victor Lim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Structural

Theory
CE 311 Structural Theory
STRUCTURE
ANY OBJECT BUILT WITH DIFFERENT MEMBERS WHICH IS CONNECTED TO EACH
OTHER AT JOINTS OR A COMBINATION OF MEMBERS CONNECTED TOGETHER IN
SUCH A WAY TO SERVE A USEFUL PURPOSE IS CALLED A STRUCTURE.

WHAT IS STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Structural design is the methodical investigation of the stability, strength, and


rigidity of structures. The basic objective in structural analysis and design is to
produce a structure capable of resisting all applied loads without failure during
its intended life.
WHAT IS STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING?

Structural engineering is a branch of civil engineering that involves the application of


the laws of physics, mathematics and empirical knowledge to safely design the
‘bones’ and load bearing elements of man made structures. Modern day structural
engineering provides a large and detailed body of knowledge that can accurately
predict the performance of different shapes and materials used in structures to resist
loads and stresses on structures. The principles of structural engineering were used
thousands of years ago when building structures like the pyramids in Egypt or the
Acropolis in Greece.
Analysis and Design of Structures

The word structure has various meanings.


By an engineering structure we mean roughly something constructed
or built. The principal structures of concern to civil engineers are
bridges, buildings, walls, dams, towers, shells, and cable structures.
Such structures are composed of one or more solid elements
arranged so that the whole structures as well as their components are
capable of holding themselves without appreciable geometric change
during loading and unloading.
The design of a structure involves many considerations, among which
four major objectives that must be satisfied:
1. The structure must meet the performance requirement ( UTILITY).
2. The structure must carry loads safely ( SAFETY ).
3. The structure should be economical in material, construction and cost
( ECONOMY)
4. The structure should have a good appearance (AESTHETICS)
Types of Structure
Rigid Frame
Its is that type of structure in which the members are joined together
by rigid joints e.g. welded joints.

Truss (Pin connected joints)


A type of structure formed by members in triangular form, the
resulting figure is called a truss. In truss joints are pin connected
and loads are applied at joints. No shear force & bending moment
are produced. Only axial compression and axial tension is to be
determined while analyzing a truss.
Structural Members
Those members that are interconnected in such a way so as to constitute a structure
are called structural members.

Beam - Beam is a flexure member of the structure. It is subjected to transverse loading such as
vertical loads, and gravity loads. These loads create shear and bending within the beam.

Columns - A long vertical member mostly subjected to compressive loads is called column
Strut - A compressive member of a structure is called strut.
Beam-Column - A structural member subjected to compression as well as flexure is called
beam column
Grid
A network of beam intersecting each other at right angles and subjected to vertical loads is called
grid.

Cables and Arches


Cables are usually suspended at their ends and are allowed to sag. The forces are then pure
tension and are directed along the axis of the cable. Arches are similar to cables except hath they
are inverted. They carry compressive loads that are directed along the axis of the arch.

Plates and Slabs


Plates are three dimensional flat structural components usually made of metal that are often
found in floors and roofs of structures. Slabs are similar to plates except that they are usually
made of concrete.
BASIC STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Thank you

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