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IGCSE ICT - DataTypes

Data can exist in many forms, including text, numbers, and dates. There are two main types of data: digital data, which is stored and manipulated on computers, and analogue data, which is gathered without computers in a physical form. The main types of data found in computer systems are Boolean (yes/no), text, numeric (numbers), date/time, currency, and percentages. Numeric data can be integers (whole numbers) or real numbers (with decimals), and currency and percentage values are special types of real numbers formatted with symbols.

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404 views12 pages

IGCSE ICT - DataTypes

Data can exist in many forms, including text, numbers, and dates. There are two main types of data: digital data, which is stored and manipulated on computers, and analogue data, which is gathered without computers in a physical form. The main types of data found in computer systems are Boolean (yes/no), text, numeric (numbers), date/time, currency, and percentages. Numeric data can be integers (whole numbers) or real numbers (with decimals), and currency and percentage values are special types of real numbers formatted with symbols.

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Data Types

Objectives
In this section you will:
❖ Define what is data?

❖ Describe types of data types are and how to correctly identify them

❖ Be able to select the correct data type for different sets of data

Key Words: Digital, Analogue, Text, Numbers, Numeric


Data - Introduction
Definition: “Information” that is either digital or analogue and can be manipulated
to produce a result.
Data can exist in many different forms. For example:
❖ Text (Letters/Words)
❖ Numbers
❖ Dates
There are two main types of data:
❑ Digital – Data that is stored and manipulated on a computer.
❑ Analogue – Data which is gathered without a computer. Analogue data  that is
represented in a physical way & stored in physical media.

NOTE:
Digital data is often stored in a database. Databases allow for easy access and
searching of the data.
Types of Data
The main types of data found in a computer system are:
⮚ Boolean (Yes/No)
⮚ Text/Alphanumeric
⮚ Numeric (Numbers)
⮚ Date/Time
⮚ Currency (Money)
⮚ Percentages
Boolean Data

Boolean data types only have two values.

Booleans are used where there are only two possible responses to a
question. Boolean responses can be one of the following:

o Yes or No
o True or False
o 1 or 0
Alphanumeric/Text Data
Text Data:
Text data refers to the data that is made up of letters only.
For example; a password of ‘SOLARIS’ would be regarded as text.

Alphanumeric Data:
Alphanumeric data refers to the data that is made up of a combination of
letters AND numbers.
For example; a password of ‘SOLARIS99’ would be regarded as
alphanumeric.

NOTE: Other symbols such as @, $, # and spaces etc, are also regarded as
alphanumeric
Alphanumeric/Text Data
Numeric Data

Numeric data can be in two forms:


Integer - (Whole numbers only)
Real - (Numbers with decimals)
Integers:
Integers are whole numbers without
decimals.
Integers can be positive and negative
numbers.
Numeric Data

• Real Numbers are numbers that contain decimals.


• Real Numbers can be made up of positive and negative values.
Numeric Data

Currency Numbers:
Currency are Real Numbers (decimals) that are formatted to include money symbols (£,
$ etc).
Currency values are usually shown with 2 decimal places.
Currency values can be positive and negative.
Numeric Data

Percentage Numbers:
Percentages are Fractional Real Numbers (decimals) that
are calculated to show values out of 100:
0.8 would become 80%
0.01 would become 1%
1.5 would become 150%
Percentage values are usually shown with the percentage
symbol (%).
Percentage values can be positive and negative.
Date/Time Data

Date and Time data can be formatted in many forms:

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