Scribd
Upload
116 views16 pages

Tuberculosis: Presented by

This seminar discusses tuberculosis, including its causes, pathogenesis, and treatment from both a conventional and homeopathic perspective. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which commonly affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Social factors like poverty, overcrowding, and lack of education contribute to its transmission. Diagnosis involves tests like the Mantoux test and sputum examination. Homeopathic remedies discussed that may help treat tuberculosis symptoms include Tuberculinum, Spongia tosta, Rumex crispus, and Chelidonium majus.

Uploaded by

Suhas Ingale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
116 views16 pages

Tuberculosis: Presented by

This seminar discusses tuberculosis, including its causes, pathogenesis, and treatment from both a conventional and homeopathic perspective. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which commonly affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Social factors like poverty, overcrowding, and lack of education contribute to its transmission. Diagnosis involves tests like the Mantoux test and sputum examination. Homeopathic remedies discussed that may help treat tuberculosis symptoms include Tuberculinum, Spongia tosta, Rumex crispus, and Chelidonium majus.

Uploaded by

Suhas Ingale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Seminar On

TUBERCULOSIS
Presented By –
Ms. Sonali Tambe

Guided By
Dr. Nilesh Dapse

Ahmednagar Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital


Ahmednagar
INTRODUCTION
 Communicable , chronic, granulomatous . It is a specific ↑
infectious diseases caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
Primarily affecting Pulmonary region . Also affecting
glands , bones , skin, intestine & other tissue of body
 Diseases can affects animals like cattle this is known as
“ bovine tuberculosis”
MICROBIOLOGY
 Mycobacterium means “ fungus like bacteria”
 these are slender, rod shaped . Sometimes showing
branching filamentous forms resembling fungal mycelium
 These are aerobic, non motile , non capsulated , non
sporing
 Acid fast bacilli
.
SOCIAL FACTOR
 Poor quality of life
 Poor housing & overcrowding
 Population explosion
 Under nutrition
 Lack of education
 Large Families
 Lack of awareness
PATHOGENESIS
 Source of infection – Open case of pulmonary T.B.
 Mode of infection - Direct inhalation of aerosolized bacilli
contained in droplet nuclei of expectorated sputum
 Majority of inhaled bacilli are arrested by the natural
defenses of the upper respiratory tract. Bacilli teaching the
lungs are ingested by the alveolar macrophages
 Several factors
 The number & the virulence of the infecting bacilli
 Host factors including genetic susceptibility , age ,
immunocompetence , stress, nutrition & co- existing illness –
influence the outcome of the infection
LYMPHADENITIS
 Most common site for extrapulmonary site
 cervical & mediastinal gland affect frequently
 Nodes are usually painless & initially mobile but becomes
matted together with time
 when caseation & liquefaction occurs , the swelling
becomes fluctuant & may discharge through the skin with the
formation of collar –stud abscess & sinus formation
Gastro- intestinal tuberculosis
 T.B. can affect any part of bowel with wide range of signs
&symptoms
 Tuberculous peritonitis is characterized by abdominal
distention , pain & constitutional symptoms
 Ascitic fluid is exudative & cellular with a predominance of
lymphcytes
 Laparoscopy reveals multiple while tubercles over the
peritoneal & omental surface
Pericardial Tuberculosis
 Diseases occurs in main two forms
 Pericardial effusion
 Constructive pericarditis
 Fever & night sweat appears insidiously with breathlessness
 Pulsus paradoxus , a very raised JVP, ascitis,
hepatosplenomegaly , absence of peripheral oedema
 Pericardial effusion associated with increased pericardial
dullness & globular enlarged heart on chest radiographs
 Constriction is associated with atrial fibrillation , an early 3 rd
heart sound & pericardial calcification
 Pericardial effusion is blood stained
Bones & Joints Tuberculosis
 Tuberculosis of spine usually present with chronic back
pain & typically involves , the lower thoracic & lumbar
spine
 Infection starts as ascitis & spreads along the spinal
ligaments to involve adjacent anterior vertebral bodies ,
causing angulations of vertebra & with subsequent
kyphosis
 Paravertebral & psoas abscess formation is common
DIAGNOSIS
 Tuberculin Test
 Tuberculin test discovered by von pirquet in 1907
 There main tests –
 The mantoux intradermal test
 The heaf &
 The tine multiple punctux test
 
 Montoux Test –
 Carried out by injecting intradermaly on the flexor surface
of the forearm 1TU or PPD in 0.1 ml. the result of test is read
after 72 hours ( 3rd day) PPD → Purified protein derivative

Reaction Size Result


Of > 10 mm Positive
indurations > 6 mm Negative
6-9 mm Doubtful
 2) Sputum Examination -
 Sputum Culture - For those pt. showing chest symptom.
Whose sputum smell is negative by direct microscopy
 
 3) Chest Radiography -
 - Helpful pulmonary tuberculosis chest showing calcified
tubercles
HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Tuberculim
 Hard dry cough during sleep
 Expectoration are thick , yellow or yellowish greenish
 Hard, short and dry cough, annoying cough, annoys, people living with them
 Easy & profuse bronchorrhoea
 chronic illness, having a tubercular constitution
 Restlessness physical as well as mental cannot tolerate still or any fixed position > walking
fast
 Easily distracted - can concentrate better when on the move or when outdoors
 Alteration of mood – frequent emotional upheavals following mood are seen
 Heightened inspiration
 Sensitivity to music
 Increased spirituality
 Creativity
 < evening < raising arms
 Spongia Toasta
 There is great dryness of mucus membrane of air
passages such as throat, larynx , trachea, Bronchi
etc
 Cough is dry , barking , gasping, ringing ,
wheezing , whistling
 < dry cold
 < wind
 < sweets
 < smoking
 > Eating or drinking warm things
 Rumex Crispus
 Dry, Incessant, fatiquing cough, hoarse, barking
cough with ticking sensation
 Dry teasing cough preventing sleep
 Touching the throat pit causes dry teasing cough
 Cough with pain behind the sternum
 In the first stage there is thin, watery, frothy
expectoration, later it becomes yellowish, thick ,
tenacious
 < Open air
 > Warmth
 Chelidonium Majus
 There is spasmodic cough, small lumps of mucous
fly from mouth when coughing.
 Dyspnonea, very quick and sharp inspiration
 Pain in the right side of chest and shoulder
 Constriction of chest
 < from motion and touch
 > Pressure

You might also like