Work Health and Safety
Lecture Four
A recap on the week 3 lecture
1. How do you identify the WHS training
needs of your employees?
2. What kind of things would you include on a
training plan?
training required, number requiring training,
training provider and date training scheduled
3. Where can training be sourced from?
Agenda
Reminders
Activity
Classifying Hazards
Trivia Round
CTI’s Hazard List
Assessment Time
Reminders
Next week is a tuition free week, as such we do
NOT have class!
Please relax and enjoy your time off but make
sure you stay up-to-date on your assessments as
well! Week 6, 7, 8 and 9 will be VERY busy!
Activity
You are the WHS Officer at MCB. There has been a
report that carpet in the main area of the bank
(used by both customers and employees) is damaged
and there have been 2 incidents where someone has
tripped over the carpet and fallen.
1. What are the potential problems with this hazard if it remains
unfixed?
2. What action would you take to resolve this issue?
3. Outline the communication methods you would use to resolve this
issue
4. How would you address the 2 accidents that have already occurred?
TOPICS
1. Provide information to the work team about WHS policies
and procedures
2. Implement and monitor participation arrangements for
managing WHS
3. Implement and monitor organisational procedures for
providing WHS training
4. Implement and monitor organisational procedures and legal
requirements for identifying hazards and assessing and
controlling risks
5. Implement and monitor organisational procedures for
maintaining WHS records for the team
Classifying Hazards
Hazards can be classified into 5 categories
1. Chemical Hazards
2. Physical Hazards
3. Biological Hazards
4. Mechanical or Electrical Hazards
5. Psychological Hazards
-There are different classifications of hazards; these include:
•Chemical hazards
-gases
-fumes What video
-liquids did we watch
-medication in class that
was related to
a chemical
hazard?
They can generate vapors, fumes, dusts, mists and can lead to cause fire or
explosion. Ingestion, direct contact, inhalation, absorption or injection can
result in skin/throat irritations and long-term ill-health.
•Physical hazards
-Noise
What Kind of noises are there in an Office?
Exposure to loud or constant
noise can become a problem if it distracts
people, annoys them, interferes with
communication or causes stress
What is noise generated by?
-Noise is generated by -powered
and electrical tools, hammers, engines,
grinders, construction sites,
quarry explosion, live entertainment ,
traffic, telephone, paging systems and
doors
Heating and Cooling/Spread of Sickness
-ventilation- air conditioning
(hot/cold)
•Physical hazards
• confined workspaces
• risk of electrocution, explosion,
fire, engulfment and suffocation
by cables, gasses, steam, water,
electrical cabling and sand
entering the space
• dangerously low oxygen levels
in the space
• moving machinery in the space
(e.g. rotating parts or a
conveyor belt)
•Physical hazards
-Manual Handling-
involves: repetitive work, lifting,
stretching, bending, twisting
or moving heavy loads
workplace injuries due to manual
Handling include: muscle strains, back,
neck, shoulder, arm and wrist pain.
inthe office environment, filing cabinets,
storage systems, shelving and computer
workstations present manual-handling
hazards.
Activity
Manual Handling Activity
Ask Dr Jo
What is the
correct way to lift
Video
a heavy item?
•Physical hazards
-Lighting -Furniture
insufficient light, too bright
which is not ergonomically designed
lights, flickering lights, computer screen or adjustable to suit individual body
shapes and sizes can lead to poor
glare and annoying reflections from
posture, strains, aches and
sunlight or shadows can affect employee tiredness
comfort
•Biological hazards
-bacteria, viruses, mould, mildew, insects, spillages of blood or body fluids
and waste
• Mechanical and/or electrical
-Common causes of injury include being
struck by materials or being
caught between moving parts
-Photocopiers and printers emit small
amounts of ozone gas that can
cause irritation if housed in poorly
ventilated environments
or if they don’t have activated
carbon filters that decompose
the ozone
-Electrical hazards include:
electrical wiring,
electrical machinery,
Tripping over Electrical Chords
equipment or appliances
* Psychological Hazards
-Many employees suffer from work stressors.
The various causes include:
*repetitive work causing physical strain/boredom
*lack of challenge and motivation
*relationships within teams; e.g.
bullying, harassment,
Video
Thisvideo is about a hazard that we all
experience in the workplace…. What is it???
Video
Many organizations around the world are starting to
create office spaces that provide safe, happy and
healthy workplaces for their employees.
Google is a fantastic example of this!
Lets have a look at what happens at the Google
Office. As you watch the video write down what
google is doing to promote a HEALTHY and HAPPY
workforce!
Activity
Let’s have a Trivia Show Down!
Eliminating Hazard
Once you have identified the Hazard, you need to
ELIMINATE it!
How do we do that?
Hierarchy of Controls
The Hierarchy of Controls ranks control measures from the most
effective to the least effective
1. Eliminate Hazard
2. Substitute Hazard
3. Isolate Hazard
4. Use Engineering Methods
5. Administrative Controls
6. Introduce PPE
Hierarchy of Controls
1. Eliminate the hazard
-This is the best way to control a hazard. This aims to eliminate the risk at
its source and should always be the first choice.
-This usually means removing
Hazardous substances or
abandoning hazardous work
practices
-For example: stop using toxic
WHAT CAN YOU DO?
Substances that are not essential
to the work, repairing or replacing
equipment so the hazard no
longer exists
FIND THE HAZARDS
Hierarchy of Controls
2. Substitute or modify the hazard
-Replace the hazard with something less dangerous
For example: using a cleaning agent that does not produce harsh fumes,
reduce the size of objects that need to be lifted
Hierarchy of Controls
3. Isolate the hazard
-by physically removing it from the workplace or by securing the area
Involved
For example: moving the photocopier machine in a separate room,
storing sharp objects in a lockable cabinet
Hierarchy of Controls
4. Use engineering methods
-Involves changing equipment or tools
For example: providing a trolley to move heavy loads, installing ventilation
to remove chemical fumes
Hierarchy of Controls
5. Use Administrative controls
-These are management strategies to ensure the health and safety of
employees.
For example: designing staff rosters so that staff have reasonable breaks
between shifts to minimize hazards, providing training on correct work
procedures, ensuring equipment is regularly maintained
Hierarchy of Controls
6. Introduce Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
-The equipment and clothing must fit well and be comfortable
-Users must be trained in why the
equipment and clothing is necessary,
and when and how it must be worn
For example: hearing and eye
protection - goggles, speakers,
masks, gloves and protective
clothing – coats, vests, boots
Take prompt action on hazards
Once a hazard has been identified it is important that it is
controlled as soon as possible
If you are unable to resolve the issue internally a request
can be made for the relevant state authority such as
WorkCover NSW to become involved
Hazard Report Form
1. Turn to page 60 in your WHS guides.
2. Complete the Hazard Report form using your creativity
Activity: CTI’s Hazard Identification
Process
Lets create a document with all the hazards at CTI
1. Each group is to look at one particular area of risk
Chemical Hazards
Physical Hazards
Biological Hazards
Mechanical or Electrical Hazards
Psychological Hazards
2. Each group must then use the hierarchy of controls to
control the risk
Eliminate, Substitute, Isolate, Admin Controls, Engineering
methods, PPE
Assessment Time
Please use the rest of today’s class to work on your
Assessments.
Torecap on todays class read chapter 4 of your
WHS book
Remember:
Submission of Assessment A – Week 5
Submission of Assessment B – Week 7
