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Polya's Steps To Problem Solving...

Here are the steps to reach the temple without owing anything starting with P4: 1. You have P4 to start. The toll is P1. Pay the P1 toll and you now have P3. 2. Reach the next checkpoint. The toll is P2. Since you only have P3, you cannot pay and must work. The job pays P2. Now you have P3 again. 3. Pay the P2 toll and continue to the next checkpoint. The toll is P1. Pay the P1 toll and you now have P2. 4. Reach the temple checkpoint. The toll is P2. Since you only have P2, you cannot pay and must

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2K views

Polya's Steps To Problem Solving...

Here are the steps to reach the temple without owing anything starting with P4: 1. You have P4 to start. The toll is P1. Pay the P1 toll and you now have P3. 2. Reach the next checkpoint. The toll is P2. Since you only have P3, you cannot pay and must work. The job pays P2. Now you have P3 again. 3. Pay the P2 toll and continue to the next checkpoint. The toll is P1. Pay the P1 toll and you now have P2. 4. Reach the temple checkpoint. The toll is P2. Since you only have P2, you cannot pay and must

Uploaded by

Almira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBLEM SOLVING...... . . .

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Polya’s Steps
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to Problem
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Solving....
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George Polya
Published the book “ How to Solve it: A New Aspect of Mathematics”.

Encouraged to promote a more liberal approach of solving problems


giving more emphasis on students’ independence and less on routine
computation processes.
Advocated inductive processes
George Polya
Published the book “ How to Solve it: A New Aspect of Mathematics”.

Encouraged to promote a more liberal approach of solving problems giving

MORE EMPHASIS on
STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENCE and
LESS ON ROUTINE computation processes.

Advocated inductive processes...


Polya’s Steps to Problem Solving
Four Phases
1.Understand the problem
2.Devise a plan
3.Carry out the plan
4.Look back
1. Understand the problem

Guide questions:
a. What is unknown?
b. What are the data?
c. Is it possible to satisfy the condition?
d. Is the condition sufficient to determine the unknown?
e. Draw a figure, intoduce suitable notation.
f. Separate the various parts if the condition, can you write
them down?
2. Device a plan
Guide questions:
a. Have you seen it before or have you seen the same problem in a slightly
different form?
b. Do you know a related problem? Do you know a theorem that could be useful?
c. If a related problem is available, could you use it? Could you see its results?
Coud you use this method?
•Guess and check • Look for a pattern
• Make an orderly list • Draw a picture
• Eliminate possibilities • Solve a simpler problem
• Use a model • Make a diagram
• Consider special cases • Work backwards
• Use direct reasoning • Use a formula
• Solve an equation • Be ingenious
3. Carry out the plans
Perform each step with care and precision. Keep a record of every
result that you obtain. If you get affirmative results, just keep going,
there is a next stage of the process.

If things do not turn out to be as what you expected, then keep your
alternatives open as you may need to revisit your plan.
4. Look back
Review your solution.

Go back to the original problem and check if the obtained solution is


sufficient and consistent with what is asked.
Problem
During a family gathering last Christmas, Angel was able to collect 12
monetary bill consisting of P20-bill and P50-bill from her titos and titas.
In all, she had P390 from them. How many of each bill did Angel
received?
1. Understand the problem
During a family gathering last Christmas, Mario was able to collect 12
monetary bill consisting of P20-bill and P50-bill from her titos and titas.
In all, she had P390 from them. How many of each bill did angel receive?

12 monetary bill
P20-bill and P50-bill from titos and titas
Total: P390
The number of P20-bill did angel receive.
The number of P50-bill did angel receive.
2. Device a plan
• Guess and check • Look for a pattern
• Make an orderly list • Draw a picture
• Eliminate possibilities • Solve a simpler problem
• Use a model
• Consider special cases • Work backwards
• Use direct reasoning • Use a formula
• Solve an equation • Be ingenious
3. Carry out the plans
Number of 20 pesos bill Number of 50 peso bill Total Amount

11 1

10 2

8 3

7 4

6 5
4. Look back
20 pesos bill 50 peso bill Total
11 1 270
10 2 300
9 3 330
8 4 360
7 5 390
6 6 420
5 7 450
4 8 480
3 9 510
2 10 540
1 11 570
Ed is planning to put up a rectangular garden
with a fixed area of 120 square meters. If the
dimensions of the garden have to be whole
numbers, determine the dimensions that will
require the least amount of fencing materials
to enclose garden.
1. Understand the problem
Ed is planning to put up a rectangular garden with a fixed area of 120
square meters. If the dimensions of the garden have to be whole
numbers, determine the dimensions that will require the least amount
of fencing materials to enclose garden.

Rectangular Garden with area of 120 square meters


Dimensions must be whole numbers
Least amount of fencing materials to enclose the garden
2. Device a plan
• Guess and check • Look for a pattern
• Make an orderly list • Draw a picture
• Eliminate possibilities • Solve a simpler problem
• Use symmetry • Use a model
• Consider special cases • Work backwards
• Use direct reasoning • Use a formula
• Solve an equation • Be ingenious
3. Carry out the plans
Length Width Area Permeter
120 1 120 242
60 2 120 124
40 3 120 86
30 4 120 68
24 5 120 58
20 6 120 52
15 8 120 46
12 10 120 44
10 12 120 44
Back Part… 1whole
1. One number is 3 less than another number.
If the sum of the two numbers is 177, find each number.
2. A zookeeper is moving penguins and polar bears into their new
exhibit. He counts 20 heads and 58 feet. How many penguins and
polar bears are in the exhibit?
3.How many handshakes can be done if there are 12 people?
(Each person can only shake other person only once)
4.The sum of 3 consecutive integers is 258. Find the integers.
5.If you add or multiply any natural number, what would be the
result?(N(natural),Z(integer),R(real),Q(rational),W(whole),Q’(irrational),C(complex))
6.How many matches can be done in a round robin if there are 6
basketball teams and they need to play each opponent once?
Back Part:
1. One number is 3 less than another number.
If the sum of the two numbers is 177, find
each number.
2. A zookeeper is moving penguins and polar
bears into their new exhibit. He counts 20
heads and 58 feet. How many penguins and
polar bears are in the exhibit?
3. A bus and a car leave the same place and
traveled in opposite directions. If the bus is
traveling at 50 kph and the car is traveling at 55
kph, in how many hours will they be 210 km
apart?
Reach the TEMPLE
without owing You start with P4
anything tax

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