BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF

COMPUTING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
DATACOMUNICATIONAND COMPUTERNETWORKING
GROUP PROJECT
 Contents page
1. Executive summary .............................................................................................. 2
2. Project goal .......................................................................................................... 2
3. Project scope ........................................................................................................ 2
4. Design requirements ............................................................................................ 3
4.1 Business goals ................................................................................................ 3
4.2 Technical goals ............................................................................................... 3
4.2.1 Scalability ................................................................................................ 3
4.2.2 Performance ............................................................................................ 3
4.2.3 Security .................................................................................................... 3
4.2.4 Manageability ......................................................................................... 4
4.2.5 Usability ................................................................................................... 4
4.2.6 Adaptability............................................................................................. 4
4.2.7 Affordability ............................................................................................ 4
5. Current state of the network................................................................................. 4
5.1 Logical design ................................................................................................ 4
5.2 Physical design ............................................................................................... 4
6. New logical and physical design ......................................................................... 5
6.1 Logical design ................................................................................................ 5
6.2 Physical design ............................................................................................... 8
7. Results of network design testing ...................................................................... 16
8. Implementation plan .......................................................................................... 18
8.1 Recommendations for deploying the network design .................................. 18
8.2 Project schedule............................................................................................ 18
8.3 Training ........................................................................................................ 19
8.4 Risk ............................................................................................................... 19
8.5 A fallback plan if the implementation fail ................................................... 19
8.6 A plan for evolving the design as new requirements arise .......................... 20
9. Project budget .................................................................................................... 20
 2. Project goal
 Not employed so as to minimize the risk of unauthorized Users.
 To further enhance the understanding of Network Design.

 To provide the best network design in terms of performance and efficiency to

students.
 To give network access for students.
 To make the network fast.
 Make the network easy to use.
 To make the design more scalable.
 To make it less cost

1. Project scope

The project will be include the design and installation of fully switched star
topology network .this includes the installation and setup of all the network
devices, cabling and interfaces which may include but may not limited to work
stations ,multi-function devices ,servers ,switches ,routers and all related
software .

4. Design requirements
4.1 Business goals

This proposed system help students in the lab to communicate other with in the
lab and to share devices,
4.2 Technical goals
4.2.1 Scalability
The network design is scalable so that more devices can be added without
having changing or affecting the installed network by calculating the subnet mask
to make it more scalable.
4.2.2 Performance
While designing this system we considered speed related issues like:
  Response time: - ideally should not exceed 6 sec for accessing the network.

 Throughput and Fairness: - multiple users can use the system at once and
to achieve this goal achieved by switches and router with star topology
used.

 Speed: - 100 MB/S.

4.2.3 Security

The main objective of this network is to provide secure administrative computing

service .it is designed to functionally and physically isolated from access by people
not employed so as to minimize the risk of unauthorized
Users.
4.2.4. Manageability
To maintain evidence and prevent electronic data loss for some unknown
reasons, we recommend the system which uses back up of the essential
operations every at the end of the week. Along with the data recovery using back
up technique; the system allows the system administrator for this process.

We will make all installation process installation of OS (window server 2003),

installation of the system and networking. The system maintenance handles by
our system.

4.2.5 Usability
The network will enable users to retrieve process and store data regarding the
operation of the day care, its client, accounting, billing, tracking, and check in and
check out of children being cared for at he facility.
4.2.6 Adaptability
The system design as to easily adapt by employers and students by the help of
instructors. To be surer we provide training.
4.2.7 Affordability; It gives fast and reliable internet access for users.

5. Current state of the network

5.1 Logical design
Currently the network system uses star topology, the typical star physical
topology consists of a coaxial cabling common to all computer systems connected
to the LAN.
The star topology is very simple and expensive to implement due to its low cost
REQUIREMENTS for cable installation (there's only one main trunk). But some
serious deficiencies make star topology LANs attractive to deploy:
  The cable itself is a single point of failure. One break, cut, or poor
connection negatively impacts the entire LAN.
 Because all workstations or devices share a common cable, troubleshooting
can be difficult when problems occur. You must temporarily break the
terminations in the network to isolate a device. After you think you've
resolved the network problem, you must disrupt LAN service again to
reattach the device to the network. This makes for a cumbersome and
disruptive process.
Internet connected only for one administrative office workstation.
5.2 Physical design
 Cable: - coaxial cable
 Connectors: - Taps can be physical cores cut into the coax (sometimes
called a "vampire tap") or BNC-style "T-connectors" that join several
individual pieces of coax together to form the common bus.
Workstations: - total 16 computers.4 in the administrative office and 12 in
the lab.
 6. New logical and physical design
6.1 Logical design
The new design uses star topology. The shortcomings of a star topology network
are obvious: The network component (hub or switch) is a single point of failure,
and a great deal of wiring is involved to implement the star.
However, there are tremendous benefits to a star topology:
 Management of the network is centralized around the hub and switch
components. Most of these components have features that allow an
administrator to spot congestion and network errors at the port level,
which makes troubleshooting problems quick and simple.
 Wiring installation is less obtrusive and therefore does not disrupt LAN
service with the addition or deletion of nodes.
 A cable cut or bad connector does not take down the entire LAN segment.
No terminators are required as in the bus topology model.
The concept behind the star topology is simple. Every node on the LAN has a
dedicated cable that is pulled back to a centralized point, typically a wiring closet.
All cables are terminated in a network component within the closet, such as a hub
or, more typically today, a switch, which handles the repeating or switching of
traffic out to the other nodes on the network
 NETWORK TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY: Many home networks use the star topology. A star
network features a central connection point called a "switch node" that
may be a network switch and router. A star network generally requires
more cable, but a failure in any star network cable will only take down one
computer's network access and not the entire LAN. (If the switch fails,
however, the entire network also fails) .
• A break in one cable does not affect all other stations as it does in
bus technologies.
• Problems are easier to locate because symptoms often point to one
station.
• The second-easiest topology to design and install.
• Does not require manual termination.

6.2 Physical design

Actual technologies and devices
• Devices: For network infrastructure we constricting there are many devices
needed for many purposes.
• Servers: The device that is used as a central HUB or node in a LAN is a network
server, typically a micro-computer that acts as the central routing and control
node of the network. A network server is the central storage repository for files,
application software programs used by other device on the network, and
electronic mail and necessary services. It also control access to the various, files,
manages file transfer, and ensures data integrity.

Fig 1.server
RJ-45 connector:
RJ45 is a standard type of connector for network cables. RJ45 connectors are
most commonly seen with Ethernet cables and networks.

RJ45 connectors feature eight pins to which the wire strands of a cable interface
electrically. Standard RJ-45 pinots define the arrangement of the individual wires
needed when attaching connectors to a cable.

Fig RJ-45 connector

Switch:
A network switch (sometimes known as a switching hub) is a computer
networking device that is used to connect many devices together on a
computer network. A switch is considered more advanced than a hub
because a switch will only send a message to the device that needs or
requests it, rather than broadcasting the same message out of each of its
ports.
A switch is a multi-port network bridge that processes and forwards data at the
data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Some switches have additional features,
including the ability to route packets.

Fig 3. for switch

Computers:
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a
set of arithmetic or logical operations. Since a sequence of operations can be
readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem.
Cables: Networking cables are used to connect one network device to other
network devices or to connect two or more computers and devices to share
printer, scanner etc. Different types of network cables like Coaxial cable, Optical
fiber cable, Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the network's topology,
protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g. via
Ethernet) or nearly unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of the
Internet).

Fig 4. computer
Printer:
Those computers can share this printer for printing purpose.

Fig 5. Printer

Cables:

Networking cables are used to connect one network device to other network
devices or to connect two or more computers and devices to share printer,
scanner etc. Different types of network cables like Coaxial cable,
Optical fiber cable, Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the network's
topology, protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g.
via Ethernet) or nearly unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of the
Internet).

Fig 6 .cable

Router:
There is one router which used to connect all computers to internet.
Crimper.
We use crimper to cut cables when we connect the devices we use.
Fig cripter

Requirement
Software
 Cisco packet tracer software provided by client.
 Microsoft server 2008 on the server (network operating system)
Modem (provided by ISP)
Equipment room
The room shall be locked room ,properly vented and air conditioned where the
servers ,switches ,and un-interruptible power supply will be housed along with
any other electronics interface such as Telephone ,cable TV, internet access point
of entry ,etc.

Router:-1841 cisco router to connect two network the lab and the administrative
offices to share internet service.
Switch: - 2 24 port cisco switch to allow for growth and provide adequate level
of security and speed.
Server: - serving up data to work station and controlling the workstations.
Un-interruptible power supply:- allowing for a controlled shut-down in the event
of a power failure.
Addressing
Router
Port Ip address
Fastethernet 0/0 192.168.1.254/24
Fastethernet0/1 192.168.2.254/24

Server
Ip address Subnet mask Default gateway
Server 192.168. 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254/24

Computer lab
The lab 1, lab 2, lab 3 will consists of 16 workstations and lab 4 for students to use
for learning activities while at the center. Also in administrator room four
computer and one printer. Each work stations can share the printer and use FTP
(file transfer protocol).
Addressing lab 1
Station name Ip address Subneting mask Default gateway
Pc1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc2 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc3 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc4 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc5 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc6 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc7 192.168.1.7 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc8 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc9 192.168.1.9 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc10 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc11 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc12 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc13 192.168.1.13 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc14 192.168.1.14 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc15 192.168.1.15 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc16 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc17 192.168.1.17 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc18 192.168.1.18 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Addressing lab 2
Station name Ip address Subneting mask Default gateway
Pc1 192.168.1.17 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc2 192.168.1.18 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc3 192.168.1.19 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc4 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc5 192.168.1.21 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc6 192.168.1.22 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc7 192.168.1.23 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc8 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc9 192.168.1.25 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc10 192.168.1.26 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc11 192.168.1.27 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc12 192.168.1.28 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc13 192.168.1.29 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc14 192.168.1.30 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc15 192.168.1.31 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc16 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Addressing lab 3
Station name Ip address Subneting mask Default gateway
Pc1 192.168.1.33 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc2 192.168.1.34 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc3 192.168.1.35 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc4 192.168.1.36 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc5 192.168.1.37 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc6 192.168.1.38 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc7 192.168.1.39 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc8 192.168.1.40 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc9 192.168.1.41 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc10 192.168.1.42 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc11 192.168.1.43 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc12 192.168.1.44 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc13 192.168.1.45 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc14 192.168.1.46 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc15 192.168.1.47 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc16 192.168.1.48 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Addressing lab 4
Station name Ip address Subneting mask Default gateway
Pc1 192.168.1.49 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc2 192.168.1.50 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc3 192.168.1.51 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc4 192.168.1.52 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc5 192.168.1.53 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc6 192.168.1.54 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc7 192.168.1.55 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc8 192.168.1.56 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc9 192.168.1.57 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc10 192.168.1.58 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc11 192.168.1.59 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc12 192.168.1.60 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc13 192.168.1.61 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc14 192.168.1.62 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc15 192.168.1.63 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc16 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254

Pc17 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
Pc18 192.168.1.66 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.1.254
 Administrative offices
This offices are in different network .Four workstations for administrative
works with one network printer.
Addressing
Station name Ip address Subnet mask Default gateway
Pc21 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254
Pc22 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254
Pc23 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254
Pc24 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254
Printer1 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.0/24 192.168.2.254

7. Results of network design testing

The network testing is on simulation software cisco packet tracer. Here

Testing pc1 configuration and testing NIC properly installed and working.
Testing pc1 communicate with the switch.
Testing pc 60 communicate with router .
Testing pc5 communicate with switch
Testing pc4 communicate each router
Testing pc20 communicate with the printer (192.168.1.21)
8. Implementation plan
8.1. Recommendations for deploying the network design
The installation should be made when the daycare facility is out of service or at
night time, since the installation should make carefully.
8.2. Project schedule

Task Day

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
CABLE INSTALLATION

INSTALLATION
SOFTWARE AND
WORKSTATIONS
CONFIGURATION
PREPARING EQUIPMENT
ROOM

CONFIGURATIONS OF
SWITCH, ROUTER AND
SERVER
 TESTING

TRAINING

8.3. Training
Our system provides training for employers, about the all networking system, how
to use it and simple errors they can face.
8.4. Risk
We expect a delay of the schedule on configuration of workstation it may cause
by Operating system .it need repairing or full installation for this we will arrange
extra human resource only for this purpose .
 8.5. A fallback plan if the implementation fail
There is no fallback Plan, the plan is fully tested and implanted in other in all lab
classes.
8.6. A plan for evolving the design as new requirements arise
The system plan as to add new devices without changing the topology, with little
work just by configuring the device.
On switch0 the Ip address arranged to add about 234 new devices.
On switch1 the Ip address arranged to add about 248 new devices.
 9. Project budget

ACTIVITY COST
ONE SE RVE R 50,000 Bir r
ONE ROUTE R 45,000 Bir r

CABLE 7500 Bir r

INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION 8000 Bir r
SOF TWARE AND
WORKSTATION S
CONF IGURATION
P RE P ARING 5000 Bir r
E QUIP ME NT ROOM
TE STIN G 1000 Bir r
SIX SWITCH 80,000 Bir r
TRAINING 2000 Bir r
ONE PRINTER 15,000 Bir
Total 213,500 Birr