2-6
2-6 Geometric
GeometricProof
Proof
Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz
Holt
Holt Geometry
McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Warm Up
Determine whether each statement is true or
false. If false, give a counterexample.
1. It two angles are complementary, then they are
not congruent.false; 45° and 45°
2. If two angles are congruent to the same angle,
then they are congruent to each other. true
3. Supplementary angles are congruent.
false; 60° and 120°
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Objectives
Write two-column proofs.
Prove geometric theorems by using
deductive reasoning.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Vocabulary
theorem
two-column proof
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
When writing a proof, it is important to justify each
logical step with a reason. You can use symbols and
abbreviations, but they must be clear enough so that
anyone who reads your proof will understand them.
• Definitions
Hypothesis
• Postulates Conclusion
• Properties
• Theorems
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Example 1: Writing Justifications
Write a justification for
each step, given that A
and B are supplementary
and mA = 45°.
1. A and B are supplementary. Given information
mA = 45°
2. mA + mB = 180° Def. of supp s
3. 45° + mB = 180° Subst. Prop of =
Steps 1, 2
4. mB = 135° Subtr. Prop of =
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Helpful Hint
When a justification is based on more than the
previous step, you can note this after the reason,
as in Example 1 Step 3.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Check It Out! Example 1
Write a justification
for each step, given
that B is the midpoint
of AC and AB EF.
1. B is the midpoint of AC. Given information
2. AB BC Def. of mdpt.
3. AB EF Given information
4. BC EF Trans. Prop. of
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
A theorem is any statement that you can
prove. Once you have proven a theorem, you
can use it as a reason in later proofs.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
A geometric proof begins with Given and Prove
statements, which restate the hypothesis and
conclusion of the conjecture. In a two-column
proof, you list the steps of the proof in the left
column. You write the matching reason for each
step in the right column.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Example 2: Completing a Two-Column Proof
Fill in the blanks to complete the two-column
proof.
Given: XY
Prove: XY XY
Statements Reasons
1. XY 1. Given
2. XY = XY 2. Reflex.
. Prop. of =
3. XY
. XY 3. Def. of segs.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Check It Out! Example 2
Fill in the blanks to complete a two-column proof of one
case of the Congruent Supplements Theorem.
Given: 1 and 2 are supplementary, and
2 and 3 are supplementary.
Prove: 1 3
Proof:
a. 1 and 2 are supp., and
2 and 3 are supp.
b. m1 + m2 = m2 + m3
c. Subtr. Prop. of =
d. 1 3
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Before you start writing a proof, you should plan
out your logic. Sometimes you will be given a plan
for a more challenging proof. This plan will detail
the major steps of the proof for you.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Helpful Hint
If a diagram for a proof is not provided, draw
your own and mark the given information on it.
But do not mark the information in the Prove
statement on it.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Example 3: Writing a Two-Column Proof from a Plan
Use the given plan to write a two-column proof.
Given: 1 and 2 are supplementary, and
1 3
Prove: 3 and 2 are supplementary.
Plan: Use the definitions of supplementary and congruent angles
and substitution to show that m3 + m2 = 180°. By the
definition of supplementary angles, 3 and 2 are supplementary.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Example 3 Continued
Statements Reasons
1. 1 and 2 are supplementary. 1. Given
1 3
2. m1 + m2 = 180° 2. Def.
. of supp. s
3. m1
. = m3 3. Def. of s
4. m3 + m2 = 180° 4. Subst.
5. 3 and 2 are supplementary 5. Def. of supp. s
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Check It Out! Example 3
Use the given plan to write a two-column proof if one
case of Congruent Complements Theorem.
Given: 1 and 2 are complementary, and
2 and 3 are complementary.
Prove: 1 3
Plan: The measures of complementary angles add to 90° by
definition. Use substitution to show that the sums of both pairs
are equal. Use the Subtraction Property and the definition of
congruent angles to conclude that 1 3.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
Statements Reasons
1. 1 and 2 are complementary. 1. Given
2 and 3 are complementary.
2. m1 + m2 = 90° 2. Def.
. of comp. s
m2 + m3 = 90°
3. m1
. + m2 = m2 + m3 3. Subst.
4. m2 = m2 4. Reflex. Prop. of =
5. m1 = m3 5. Subtr. Prop. of =
6. 1 3 6. Def. of s
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Lesson Quiz: Part I
Write a justification for each step, given
that mABC = 90° and m1 = 4m2.
1. mABC = 90° and m1 = 4m2 Given
2. m1 + m2 = mABC Add. Post.
3. 4m2 + m2 = 90°
Subst.
4. 5m2 = 90°
Simplify
5. m2 = 18°
Div. Prop. of =.
Holt McDougal Geometry
2-6 Geometric Proof
Lesson Quiz: Part II
2. Use the given plan to write a two-column
proof.
Given: 1, 2 , 3, 4
Prove: m1 + m2 = m1 + m4
Plan: Use the linear Pair Theorem to show that the
angle pairs are supplementary. Then use the
definition of supplementary and substitution.
1. 1 and 2 are supp. 1. Linear Pair Thm.
1 and 4 are supp.
2. m1 + m2 = 180°, 2. Def. of supp. s
m1 + m4 = 180°
3. m1 + m2 = m1 + m4 3. Subst.
Holt McDougal Geometry
