INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
CLASS XII
Subject code(802)
CONTENTS
CREATE DATABASE STUDENT
SYNTAX MYSQL OUTPUT
mysql> create database student;
CREATE DATABASE
STUDENT
mysql> create database student;
mysql> drop database student;
CREATE TABLE TEACHER
SYNTAX MYSQL CODE
mysql> CREATE TABLE Teacher
CREATE TABLE<table name>
(
( Teacher_ID INTEGER,
<column 1><data type> [constraint] , First_Name VARCHAR(20),
<column 2><data type>[constraint], Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
<column 3><data type>[constraint] Gender CHAR(1),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2),
);
Date_of_Birth DATE,
Dept_No INTEGER
where []=optional );
CREATE TABLE
TEACHER
mysql> CREATE TABLE Teacher
(
Teacher_ID INTEGER,
First_Name VARCHAR(20),
Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
Gender CHAR(1),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2),
Date_of_Birth DATE,
Dept_No INTEGER
);
SHOW DATABASES;
SHOW TABLES;
DESCRIBE COMMAND
1. use database
2. show tables
3. describe table
NAMING OF CONSTRAINT
NOT NULL
mysql> CREATE TABLE TEACHER
(
Teacher_ID INTEGER,
First_Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
Gender CHAR(1),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2),
Date_of_Birth DATE,
Dept_No INTEGER
);
ALTER TABLE COMMAND
DROP
ADD NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE Teacher DROP First_Name;
ALTER TABLE Teacher ADD First_Name
VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL;
NAMING OF CONSTRAINT
SET DEFAULT VALUE
mysql> CREATE TABLE TEACHER
(
Teacher_ID INTEGER,
First_Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
Gender CHAR(1),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 40000,
Date_of_Birth DATE,
Dept_No INTEGER
);
ALTER TABLE COMMAND
DROP
ADD DEFAULT
ALTER TABLE Teacher DROP Salary;
ALTER TABLE Teacher ADD Salary
DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 40000;
ALTER TABLE COMMAND
DROP
ALTER SET DEFAULT
ALTER TABLE Teacher ALTER Salary DROP DEFAULT;
ALTER TABLE Teacher ALTER Salary SET DEFAULT 30000;
ALTER TABLE COMMAND
ADD
ALTER SET DEFAULT
ALTER TABLE TEACHER ADD SALARY DECIMAL(10,2);
ALTER TABLE TEACHER ALTER SALARY SET DEFAULT 30000;
PRIMARY KEY PICTURE
FOREIGN KEY PICTURE
REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT
PRIMARY KEY & FOREIGN KEY
mysql> CREATE TABLE Department
(
Dept_ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
Dept_Name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL
);
mysql> CREATE TABLE Teacher
(
Teacher_ID INTEGER,
First_Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
Gender CHAR(1),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 40000,
Date_of_Birth DATE,
Dept_No INTEGER,
CONSTRAINT TEACHER_PK PRIMARY KEY (Teacher_ID),
CONSTRAINT TEACHER_FK FOREIGN KEY (Dept_No) REFERENCES
Department (Dept_ID)
);
INSERT INTO table_name (column1,
column2, column3, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(1,"Chemistry");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(2,"Computer Science");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(3,"English");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(4,"Hindi");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(5,"Physics");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(6,"Commerce");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(7,"Biology");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(8,"Mathematics");
INSERT INTO Department (Dept_ID, Dept_Name) VALUES
(9,"Economics");
INSERT COMMAND
INSERT INTO table_name (column1,
column2, column3, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
INSERT INTO Teacher (Teacher_ID,
First_Name, Last_Name, Gender, Salary,
Date_of_Birth, Dept_No)
VALUES(101,"Shanaya", "Batra", 'F',
50000, '1984-08-11', 1);
select * from teacher;
INSERT COMMAND
INSERT INTO Teacher (Teacher_ID, First_Name,
Last_Name, Gender, Salary,Date_of_Birth, Dept_No)
VALUES
(101,"Shanaya", "Batra", 'F', 50000, '1984-08-11', 1);
INSERT INTO Teacher (Teacher_ID, First_Name,
Last_Name, Gender, Salary,Date_of_Birth, Dept_No)
VALUES
(102,"Alice","Walton",'F',48000,'1983-02-12',3),
(103, "Surbhi", "Bansal",'F',34000, '1985-06-11',4),
(104, "Megha", "Khanna",'F',38000, '1979-04-06',4);
SELECT COMMAND
SELECT <attribute list>
FROM <table list>
WHERE <condition>
SELECT * FROM TEACHER
WHERE Teacher_ID=101;
UPDATE COMMAND
mysql> UPDATE Teacher
SET Salary=55000
WHERE Teacher_ID=101;
DELETE COMMAND
mysql> DELETE FROM Teacher
WHERE Teacher_ID=101;
QUERY
NAMES OF ALL TEACHERS
EARNING MORE THAN 50000.
TO DISPLAY TEACHER_ID, FIRST_NAME,
LAST_NAME AND DEPT_NO OF
TEACHERS WHO BELONGS
TO DEPARTMENT NUMBER 4 OR 7.
QUERY
Dept_No (Teacher table)
and
Dept_ID (Department table)
can be used to JOIN the two tables.
mysql> SELECT First_Name, Last_Name,
Dept_ID, Dept_Name
FROM Teacher, Department
WHERE Dept_ID=Dept_No AND
Dept_Name=’Chemistry’;
QUERY
To retrieve names of all
the teachers who belong to
Hindi department.
Aliases are used to resolve ambiguity
of the relations. They are created
by using the keyword 'AS'.
QUERY
SORT
ASCENDING
DESCENDING
QUERY
SORT
ASCENDING
DESCENDING
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
TO APPLY CERTAIN MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS
ON GROUP OF VALUES IN A DATABASE.
COUNT- It counts the numbers of tuples in the result of the query.
SUM – It finds the sum of all the values for a selected attribute which has numeric
data type.
MAX –It finds the maximum value out of all the values for a selected attribute which
has numeric data type.
MIN - It finds the minimum value out of all the values for a selected attribute which
has numeric data type.
AVG – It finds the average value of all the values for a selected attribute which has
numeric data type.
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
GROUP BY
CLAUSE