GLOBAL WARMING

INTRODUCTION

Global Warming is the rapid increase Earth’s surface

temperature due to the greenhouse gases released by
people burning fossil fuels.
The global average temperature rose 0.6 to 0.9 degree
celsius between 2005 to 2019.
HOW IS TODAY’S
WARMING
DIFFERENT FROM
THE PAST:

Without help from humanity, earth has

experienced climate change in the past.
Today’s climate change is different from
past climate change in several important
ways:

• Variation in sun’s energy and

earth’s orbit.

• Decreasing in forests.

• Increasing in air pollution.

WHAT IS GREEN HOUSE
EFFECT:

When some of the sun radiations come to earth, some of

them reflected while some of them re-radiated with the
green house gases that increases the earth’s temperature.
THE ENHANCED GREEN HOUSE EFFECT:

Scientists concerned that over the past 200 years, humans have been artificially increasing
the concentration of green house gases in the atmosphere at everlasting rate, mostly by
burning fossil fuels and also from cutting down the carbon absorbing forests.
Carbon-di-oxide has nearly increased at the rate of 38 percent.
GREEN HOUSE EFFECT AND GLOBAL WARMING:

• In the past century, due to human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and many more
other air pollution causing gasses are increasing that increases the temperature of the
earth. In the past, no industries causing the air pollution present, no fossil feuls are
burning, there are increase in number of forests, no air polluting cars are present. That’s
why in the past temperature, not very hot in summer and very cold in winter.
IS CURRENT WARMING NATURAL?

In earth’s history before the industrial revolution, the climate of the earth change due to
natural not related to human activity. Most of the time, the earth climate change because of
sun light variations. Volcanic eruptions in the deep past have generated particles that
reflected sunlight, brightening the planet and cooling the climate.
For example, two major volcanic eruptions, El chichon in 1982 and Pinatub in 1991,
pumped sulphur dioxide gas high into atmosphere. The gas was converted into tiny
particles that lingered for more than a year, reflecting sunlight and shading earth’s surface.
 CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

These two are distinct process

Climate change Global warming

Increasing changes in the  Rise in global
measures of climate over temperatures due mainly
a long period of time to the increasing
including  temperature, and concentrations of
wind patterns. greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere.
 CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING

NATURAL CAUSES MAN-MADE CAUSES

 NATURAL CAUSES OF
GLOBAL WARMING

Earth has gone through warmed cool phases in the past, long before humans were
around.
 Sun's intensity
 Volcanic eruptions
 Changes in naturally occurring greenhouse gas concentration
 Natural forest fire
 Melting permafrost

 
 SUN INTENSITY

The Sun can influence the Earth’s climate, but it isn’t

responsible for the warming trend we’ve seen over the past few
decades. The Sun is a giver of life; it helps keep the planet
warm enough for us to survive.

The exact relation between solar radiation and global warming,

and the relative importance of solar radiation versus green
house gasses in causing global warming,
VOLCANIC ERRUPTIONS

Volcanoes can impact climate change. During major

explosive eruptions huge amounts of volcanic gas, aerosol
droplets, and ash are injected into the stratosphere. ...
But volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide can cause global cooling,
while volcanic carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, has the
potential to promote global warming.
 GREEN HOUSE GASES

• Scientists attribute the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century to the
expansion of the "greenhouse effect"warming that results when the atmosphere traps
heat radiating from Earth toward space.

• Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from escaping.

• By increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we’re

amplifying the planet’s natural greenhouse effect and turning up the dial on global
warming
 NATURAL FOREST FIRE

Natural forest fires, especially large scale ones over long

periods, can have an impact on the global temperature. When
the vegetation burns, there is release of stored carbon and an
increase in green house gasses like carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. These greenhouse gasses then traps solar energy,
inevitably leading to the warming of the atmosphere. The soot
and harmful gases produced also cause air pollution.
MELTING PERMAFROST

Large scale permafrost melting in the North and South

Poles can contribute substantially to global warming. In
these areas, large amounts of carbon are frozen and stored
in the form of permafrost.

Natural carbon storage areas may result in the large scale

melting of permafrost, in turn leading to the large scale
release of the green house gas into the atmosphere. As the
carbon in permafrost have been out of the atmosphere for
thousands of years, the sudden release of these
sequestered carbon into the atmosphere will definitely
result in imbalances in the carbon cycle and other natural
processes.
 MAN MADE CAUSES

• Burning fossil fuels

• Deforestation
• Agriculture and farming
• Green house gases
• Garbage
 BURNING FOSSIL FUELS

BURNING FOSSIL FUELS as a major source of

global warming .
• Burn fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas to create electricity
• For making power to our vehicles
• Release CO2 pollution into the atmosphere.
Level of CO2 pollution per person is nearly double the average of other developed nations
 DEFORESTATION & TREE-CLEARING

Plants and trees play an important role in regulating the climate HOW ?
Absorb carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen back into it.
• Clearing vast areas for farming
• Use woods for Infrastructure development
• Release the CO2 during deforestation process
Up to 1/5th of polluted gases comes from forest degradation
AGRICULTURE & FARMING

Animals, particular livestock like sheep and cattle produce

methane, a greenhouse gas.

• Livestock are grazed at a large scale

•Methane gas emit from dejection of animals is a big contributor
to global warming
•Developing and using different and latest stock feed is the only
solution 

Farming contributes 40% of Methane and 20% of CO2 to

wolrldwide emission.
 GREENHOUSE GASES

Some gases in the Earth's atmosphere act a bit like the glass in
a greenhouse, 
• The sun's heat and stopping it from leaking back into space.
• Many of these gases occur naturally
• But human activity is also  increasing the concentrations of
some of them in the atmosphere, in particular:
• carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Methane
• Nitrous oxide
• Fluorinated gases
 
 
 GARBAGE

• Trash breaks down in landfills

• Methane and Nitrous oxide gases are released
• Approximately 18% of Methane gas in the atmosphere comes from waste disposal and
treatment
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
 THE MELTING OF THE ICE CAPS IN THE POLAR
REGION

• Rising Sea Levels

• Increases in floods.
• Increased ocean temperatures are melting glaciers and ice caps all over the world. Melted ice
increases the volume of water in our oceans.
• Threatening low-lying islands and coastal cities
• Damage living places
 DROUGHT

• Changes to rainfall patterns, increasingly severe drought

• Crop loses
• Affect livestock
• Reducing food availability and making it more expensive
to buy
• Cause heat waves
• Drying of irrigation canals
 COASTAL EROSION

• Danger of life in case of landslide

• Structural damage of building and infrastructure
• Damage of lifeline structure such as :
• Water
• Sewage and Gas pipes

• Enhanced waterlogging
MORE KILLER STROMS (HURRICANE )

• Hurricanes are subject to a number of climate change-

related influences and has high impact on global
warming .
• Warmer waters and more hurricanes
• It produced catastrophic damage record
 INCREASED PROBABILITY HEAT WAVES

What is heatwaves ?
A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively
hot weather, which may be accompanied by high
humidity.
Effects :
Heat stroke (faintness as well as dry and warm skin)

Heat cramps
 PREVENTIONS OF GLOBAL WARMING

 Power your home with renewable energy resources

 Solar energy
 Wind power
 Weatherize your homes
 Invest in energy-efficient appliances and vehicles
 Reduce water waste
 Drive a fuel efficient vehicles
 Shrink your carbon profile
 Reduce garbage
 1 )Power your home with renewable energy

SOLAR ENERGY
• Abundant: Solar energy is the most abundant
resource on earth and has strong potential to help
us meet our growing energy demands.

• Zero emissions: Producing solar power

does not release harmful emissions into the
atmosphere.

• Low maintenance: When installed

properly, solar panels require very little
maintenance.
 
 WIND ENERGY

Low levelized cost: 

• Wind energy has a very low level cost  of
energy .
The cost of wind energy has come down 85%
over in the last 20 years. 
 
• Wind energy does not produce harmful
atmospheric emissions.
 
• Wind farms also have a small land footprint,
allowing for the land beneath them to be
used for other purposes like farming and
cattle ranching.
 
2. WEATHERIZE YOUR HOMES

• “Building heating and cooling are among the

biggest uses of energy,”

• Heating and air-conditioning account for

almost half of home energy use.

• Make your space more energy efficient by

sealing drafts and ensuring it’s adequately
energy insulated
 3. INVEST IN ENERGY-EFFICIENT APPLIANCES AND VEHICLES

• Since first implemented nationally in 1987,

• Efficiency standards for dozens of appliances and products have
kept 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of the air.
• The annual carbon pollution coughed up by nearly 440 million
cars.
• “Energy efficiency is the lowest-cost way to reduce emissions,” 
4. DRIVE A FUEL-EFFICIENT VEHICLES

• Gas-smart cars, such as hybrids and fully

electric vehicles, save fuel and money.
• And once all cars and light trucks meet 2025’s
clean car standards,
• which means averaging 54.5 miles per gallon,
they’ll be saving.
 5 . SHRINK YOUR CARBON PROFILE.

• Offset the carbon you produce

by purchasing carbon offsets

• Represent clean power that

you can add to the nation’s
energy grid in place of power
from fossil fuels. 
CONCLUSION……