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Presentation of Direct and Indirect Speech

The document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech reports someone's exact words within quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea of what someone said without quotation marks. Indirect speech involves changing verbs and pronouns based on the tense of the reporting verb. Conjunctions like "that", "if/whether", question words, "to", and "not to" are used to connect clauses in indirect speech depending on the type of clause. Examples are provided to illustrate how to change direct speech to indirect speech and vice versa.

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372 views20 pages

Presentation of Direct and Indirect Speech

The document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech reports someone's exact words within quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea of what someone said without quotation marks. Indirect speech involves changing verbs and pronouns based on the tense of the reporting verb. Conjunctions like "that", "if/whether", question words, "to", and "not to" are used to connect clauses in indirect speech depending on the type of clause. Examples are provided to illustrate how to change direct speech to indirect speech and vice versa.

Uploaded by

Leviesya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIRECT

AND
INDIRECT SPEECH
Saying exactly what someone has
said is called
Direct Speech

We write direct speech within


quotation marks (“...”)
While a person reports what someone
says to someone else is called
Indirect Speech.

We do not write indirect speech within


quotation marks.
Kalimat langsung selalu terdiri dari dua
bagian, yakni:

REPORTING VERB REPORTED WORDS

• Tono says, “I’m very good at English.”


• Rini has said, “I like music very much.”
Kalimat langsung dapat diubah menjadi
kalimat tak langsung dengan ketentuan
sebagai berikut.
1. Bilamana ‘reporting verb’ dalam bentuk SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE, FUTURE TENSE, or
PERFECT TENSE, maka dalam bentuk laporan
“reported word”-nya tidak mengalami bentuk
tenses.
example:
 Ina says, “I like music very much.”
 Ina says that she likes music very much.
 Adi will say, “No body is late.”
 Adi will say that no body is late.
2. Bilamana ‘reporting verb’ dalam bentuk SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, or PAST PERFECT TENSE, maka
dalam bentuk laporan “reprted word”-nya akan
mengalami perubahan dalam tenses, keterangan
waktu dan keterangan tempat.
Perubahan tenses:
1) S. Present Tense S. Past Tense
2) Present Cont. Tense Past Cont. Tense
3) Future Tense Past Future Tense
4) Simple Past Tense Past Perfect Tense
5) Present Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense
Perubahan keterangan waktu & tempat:
1) now then
2) yesterday the day before
3) last night the night before
4) last week the week before
5) two days ago two days before

6) tomorrow the following day


7) next week the following week
8) this that
9) here there
10) these those
Example:
 Tuti said, “I have no money.” (S. Present
Tense)
 Tuti said that she had no money

 Edi said, “I’ll see her tomorrow.” (Future


Tense)
 Edi said that he would see her the following
day.
The use of the conjunction in
indirect speech
1. Sub clause positif, kata hubung “that”
example:
 Rini said, “I love you.”
 Rini said that she loved me.
2. Sub clause berupa pertanyaan yang
jawabannya ‘yes/no’, kata hubung
“if/whether”
example:
 Adi asked me, “Are you sick?”
 Adi asked me whether/if I was sick.
3. Sub clause berupa pertanyaan yang
jawabannya pernyataan, kata hubung
“question word”.
example:
 Tina asked me, “Who are you?”
 Tina asked me who I was
4. Sub clause berupa kalimat perintah,
kata hubung “to”.
example:
 Ira ordered me, “Close the door!”
 Ira ordered me to close the door.
5. Sub clause berupa kalimat larangan,
kata hubung “not to”.
example:
 Ita said to me, “Don’t use my
car!”
 Ita told me not to use her car
• Change the following sentences into indirect
or reported speech!
1. Tono asked me, “where is your
father now?”

2. My father warned me, “please,


don’t be in hurry!”

1. Tono asked me where my father


was then

2. My father warned me not to be


in hurry
• Change into direct speech!

1. Edy asked me if I had completed my work

2. They told me not to park my car there

1. Edy asked me, “ have you completed your


task?”

2. They told me, “Don’t park your car here!”


!”
Choose the correct words from brackets!
1. Rini told me that her father (was, is, has been,
had been) in London for two years
2. They informed me that Mr. Hardi (will go,
goes, would go) to his hometown

Answer
1. Rini told me that her father had been in
London for two years
2. They informed me that Mr. Hardi would go to
his hometown

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