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Wind Rose

1. A wind rose is a graphic tool used by meteorologists to show typical wind speed and direction distributions at a location. 2. Due to wind flow around buildings, an area of reduced wind speed (wind shadow) is created on the leeward side of buildings. The width of the wind shadow depends on the building orientation relative to the wind direction. 3. Several factors influence indoor air flow in buildings, including orientation, external features, cross ventilation through opposite openings, position and size of openings, and controls on openings. Proper building design can promote natural ventilation using wind and stack effects.

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Vinoth Kumar
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74 views17 pages

Wind Rose

1. A wind rose is a graphic tool used by meteorologists to show typical wind speed and direction distributions at a location. 2. Due to wind flow around buildings, an area of reduced wind speed (wind shadow) is created on the leeward side of buildings. The width of the wind shadow depends on the building orientation relative to the wind direction. 3. Several factors influence indoor air flow in buildings, including orientation, external features, cross ventilation through opposite openings, position and size of openings, and controls on openings. Proper building design can promote natural ventilation using wind and stack effects.

Uploaded by

Vinoth Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

WIND ROSE
WIND ROSE

•A wind rose is a graphic tool used by 


meteorologists to give a view of how wind
 speed and direction are typically distributed
at a particular location. 

•For the compass subdivision called "wind


rose", see Compass rose. For the Ukrainian
 airline called "Wind rose",
2. WIND SHADOW
WIND SHADOW

•Due to the wind flow from one side of


building negative zone will created in the
other side of building is known as wind
shadow

•The figure-1 shows the outline of airflow at


Fig-1
90* and the fig-2 at 45* to a building square
in plan

•In the fig-2 a greater velocity is created Fig-2


along the windward faces , therefore the
wind shadow will be much broader
Effect of direction on the width of wind
•The negative air pressure ( the suction shadow
effect) will be increased and an increased
air flow will result
3. Air movement around and through buildings
Air movement through buildings
•Air flow patterns is completely predicted on The following factors can be isolated which
the basis of empirical rules derived from affect the indoor air flow
measurements in actual building in wind
tunnel studies
•Orientation
•Wind tunnel is a research tool developed to
assist with studying the effects of air moving •External features
over or around solid objects
•Cross ventilation

•Position of openings

•Size of openings

•Controls of openings
Wind tunnel
orientation
•The greatest pressure on the windward side
of a building is generated when the
elevation is at right angles to the wind
direction, so greatest indoor air velocity will
be achieved in this case

•However ,been found by givoni that a wind


incidence at 45 degree would increase the
average indoor air velocity and would
provide a better distribution of indoor air
movement
External features

•External features of the building itself can strongly influence the pressure build-up

•The wind velocity gradient is made steeper by an un even surface ,such as scattered
Building, walls, fences, tress or scrub
Cross-ventilation
•Ventilation achieved by placing openings in opposite walls of a room and intended to
provide air change and sensible air movement

•Absence of an outlet opening or with full partition there can be no effective air
movement through a building .with windward opening and no outlet or leeward
opening and no opening pressure is build-up indoors (buffet)

•Several right –angle bends such as internal walls or furniture within a room can
effectively stop low velocity air flow

•Where internal partitions are unavoidable, some airflow can be ensured, if partition
screens are used clear of the floor and the ceiling

Lack of cross-ventilation
Effect of opening positions
Position of openings
•If the opening at the inlet side is above the occupancy level (2mts) regardless of the
outlet opening position, the airflow will take place near the ceiling and not in the living
zone

•Ina two storey building the air flow on the ground floor may be satisfactory but on the
upper floor, it may be directed against the ceiling

Air flow in two floor building


Pressure built up inlet
Size of openings
•With largest air velocity will be obtained through a small inlet opening with a larger
outlet

•When the inlet opening is large, the air velocity through it will be less, but the total
rate of airflow will be higher . When the wind direction is not constant or when air flow
through the whole space is required, a larger inlet opening will be preferable

•The best arrangement is full wall openings on both sides, with adjustable sashes or
closing devices, which can assist in channeling the flow in the required direction,
following the change of wind
Controls of openings
•Sashes, canopies, louvers and other elements controlling the openings that influence

•Fly screens or mosquito nets reduce the velocity of air flow

Effect of sashes

Effect of canopies

Effect of louvers
Air movement around buildings
•Air movement must be one of the most
important consideration in designing of
layout

•After a careful analysis of site climatic


condition a design hypothesis may be
produced on the basis of general information
derived from the experimental findings

Air flow around buildings

Air stream separation


Reverse flow behind a tall block
At the face of buildings
Air flow in layouts
4. STACK EFFECT
STACK EFFECT
•It can occur through an open window; the warmer and light air will flow out at the
top and the cooler, denser out door air will flow in the bottom

•Stack effect or chimney effect, as often called as is the pressure differential cause by
the air inside the building being at a temperature different from the air outside the
building which when there area opening in the top and bottom will promote natural
air flow through building. Upwards (normal stack effect0,when the building air is
warmer than the outside air, and downwards,(reverse stack effect)
WIND EFFECT

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