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Introduction To Textiles and Clothing

The document discusses the textile and clothing engineering industry in Pakistan. It covers the following key points: 1. Textile engineering utilizes scientific principles and techniques from various fields like physics, chemistry and engineering to develop fibrous structures and fiber-to-fabric systems. 2. Pakistan's textile industry is a major part of its economy, contributing over 60% of total exports. It is one of the largest cotton producers and consumers globally. 3. The textile sector employs 45% of Pakistan's labor force and accounts for 11% of GDP. It includes various processes like spinning, weaving, printing and garment manufacturing that convert raw materials into finished textile products.

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650 views23 pages

Introduction To Textiles and Clothing

The document discusses the textile and clothing engineering industry in Pakistan. It covers the following key points: 1. Textile engineering utilizes scientific principles and techniques from various fields like physics, chemistry and engineering to develop fibrous structures and fiber-to-fabric systems. 2. Pakistan's textile industry is a major part of its economy, contributing over 60% of total exports. It is one of the largest cotton producers and consumers globally. 3. The textile sector employs 45% of Pakistan's labor force and accounts for 11% of GDP. It includes various processes like spinning, weaving, printing and garment manufacturing that convert raw materials into finished textile products.

Uploaded by

aqsa imran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Textiles

and Clothing
Engineering

Engineering is the use of scientific principles to design and


build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges,
tunnels, roads, vehicles, buildings and apparel. 
Textile Engineering

Textile Engineering is an interdisciplinary field in which


scientific principles, mathematical tools and techniques of
engineering, physics, chemistry, and other physical sciences
are utilized in a variety of creative textile applications
including,
 The development of pure fibrous structure
 To produce value–added fibrous products.
 The design of fiber-to-fabric systems
 The innovation of fibrous elements that can be combined
with other non-fibrous materials
Fundaments of Textiles

A textile is flexible material consisting of network of natural or


artificial fiber often referred to as thread or yarn.
fibers is defined as unit of matter characterized by
flexibility, fineness, and a high ratio of length to thickness.

Fabric refers to any material made through weaving,


knitting, crocheting, braiding or bonding .

Apparel is anything that one puts on ones body. Clothing,


shoes, hats, globes, & scarves are example of apparel items
Textile Industry

• The textile industry is often considered the


backbone of the Islamic Republic of
Pakistan’s economy.
• Pakistan’s textile Industry is the fourth Largest
Cotton Producer.
• 6th largest importer of raw cotton
• The Third largest Consumer
Importance of textile sector

• In asia pakistan is the 8 largest exporter of


textile products
• Cotton is the basic Cash crop of Pakistan.
• Cotton based textiles contribute over 60% to
the total exports, accounts for 46% of the
total manufacturing
• Textile products are one of the essential and
basic human requirement next to food.
• Pakistan is the 3rd largest exporter of raw
cotton
Importance of textile industry in economic
sector

• Pakistan’s economy relies heavily on its


cotton and textile sectors.
• The cotton-processing and textile
industries make up almost half of the
country’s
manufacturing base, while cotton is
Pakistan’s principal industrial crop, supplying
critical income to rural households.
Altogether, the cotton-textile sectors
account for 11 percent of GDP and 60
Textile sector’s contribution to
the economy of Pakistan
• According to the economic survey of
Pakistan 2008-09 the Pakistan textile
industry contributes more than 60% to the
country total exports, which amounts to
around 5.2 billion US dollars.
• According to the 2012 Economic Survey of
Pakistan, issued by the finance ministry, the
textile industry itself constituted about 4%
of the total size of the economy.
Human Resource

• The textile sector employs 45% of overall


labor force, with 38% of the manufacturing
Workers employed under textile sector.
• Pakistan has the advantage of cheaper labor
as compared to its competitors, but
unfortunately the labor productivity is very
low.
• There are hardly any training programs to
develop the skills of labor hence, the
craftsmen entirely depend upon thier
inherited skills with no advancement and
movement towards technical knowledge.
Value chain of textile industry

RAW APPAREL DISTRIB.


MATERIAL PLANTS CENTRES

TEXTILE PLANTS RETAIL STORES


SPINING
WEAVIN
G DYING

PRINTIN
G
ACCESSORIES
CUSTOMERS
SECTORS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
• Spinning
• Weaving
• Processing
• Printing
• Garment manufacturing
• Filamen yarn
manufacturing
Textile Raw Material
Fibers
SPINNING
• Spinning is the process of converting
fibers into yarn.
• The fibers maybe natural fibers such as
cotton or man made fibers such as
polyester.
• Sometimes , the terms spinning is also
used for production of manmade yarn
(that is not made for fibers).
• What so ever is the case the final product
of spinning is yarn.
SPINNING CONSIST OF

• Blowing and
mixing
• Carding
• Combining
• Drawing
• Simplex
• Ring Spinning
• Cone Winding
WEAVING
• weaving sector is one of the most
important textile sub sector.
• The exports of woolen fabrics and
other related woolen made-ups from a
major portion of textile exports from
Pakistan.
• Weaving is a process which turns yarns
into cloth.
• The machine used for weaving is the
loom
Weaving comprises on :

• Wrappin
g

• Sizing

• Weaving
WEAVING & MADE-UP SECTOR

• There are three different sub-sectors in weaving


i.e, Integrated, independent Weaving Units, and
Power Loom Units.

• This sector is producing comparatively low value


added Grey Cloth of mostly inferior quality.

• However, the performance of cloth sector


remained far better than last year and charted a
growth of 12.6 % during July – March 2007-
08 .
WEAVING
KNITTING
Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to
create a textile or fabric; it is used in many types of
garments.
Knitted fabric:
Knitted fabric are made by intermeshing of loops of yarn and
can be composed of any kind of fiber, yarn and industrial end-
uses.
TEXTILE WET PROCESSING

Wet processing of textiles consumes huge


quantity of water and the quality of the
process largely depends on the water
quality.
GARMENT
MANUFACTURING
Garment manufacturing is an assembly
orientated activity with a great range of raw
materials,product types, production volume,
supply chains and associated technologies.
GARMENT MANUFACTURING SEQUENCE

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