By Narinder kUmar MCA

Content____________________

 PATA  Architectural Model

 SATA  SATA Products
 Objective  Applications
 SATA Devices  Benefits
SATA____________________

Serial ATA

SATA or Serial Advanced Technology Attachment

is a computer bus interface for connecting host
bus adapters to mass storage devices such as
hard disk drives and optical drives
Objective________________

 Power Saver
 Increase Speed
 Air Flow
 Portability
 Space Saver
 Easy to maintain
 Etc.
IDE____________________
IDE/PATA

Integrated Drive Electronics ( IDE/PATA)

 Two drive limit per channel (Master / Slave)

 Max. bus bandwidth of 133 Mbps
 Strict cable length limits
 Large connector wastes valuable drive real estate
 Wide ribbon cable blocks air flow inside computers
 High power requirements
SATA PATA/IDE
Parallel ATA Vs. Serial ATA

• Parallel ATA uses a

40 pin ribbon cable
• Serial ATA uses a
7 pin connector and cable
Parallel ATA Vs. Serial ATA
 SATA device connector
Device connector sizes and locations
Appearance of Serial ATA Connectors
Serial
Device plug
connector
2.5"
signal
power
Serial ATA Serial
signal Serial ATA 3.5”
connector power
(pin S1) connector powersignal Legacy Power
(pin P1) (vendor specific)
(5.25’ form factor also defined for
devices like tape drives and DVDs)

in comparison…

Parallel
3.5”
Host receptacle
connector
Parallel
r ATA signals 4-pin power
 SATA Architectural Model
Host /Device Control Software
Application
Buffer Memory
DMA management

Serial digital transport control Transport

Link
Serial digital link control

Physical
Serial physical interface

Host/Device Layers
 Physical Layer
 Transmission (Tx) and Reception (Rx) of a
1.5Gb/s serial stream
 Perform power on sequencing

 Perform speed negotiation

 Provide status to link layer

 Support power management requests

 Out-of-Band (OOB) signal generation and

detection
 Out of Band
 Part of normal power on sequence

 Allows host to issue a device hard reset

 Allows device to request a hard reset

 Brings device out of low power state

 Out of Band Signals
 COMRESET
 Always originated by the host
 Forces a hard reset in the device
 Used to start link initialization
 COMINIT
 Always originated by the device
 Requests a link reset
 Issued by device in response to COMRESET
 Out of Band Signals (cont.)
 COMWAKE
 Can be originated by either host or device
 Used as final phase of OOB initialization
 Used to bring out of low power & test states
 Exit Partial
 Exit Slumber

 Exit BIST
Out of Band Signaling Protocol

COM
RESE
T

MI NIT
CO
Host Device
COM
WAK
E

W AKE
COM
 SATA Architectural Model
Host Control Software Device Control Software
Application
Buffer Memory Buffer Memory

DMA management DMA management

Transport
Serial digital transport Serial digital transport
control control

Link
Serial digital link control Serial digital link control

Physical
Serial physical interface Serial physical interface

Host Layers Device Layers

 Link Layer
Host /Device Control Software
 Encoding Buffer Memory
 Converts data from DMA management
transport layer into
frames Serial digital transport control
 Provides frame flow
control
Serial digital link control

Serial physical interface

Host/Device Layers
 Current Running Disparity (CRD)

 As each character is encoded a count is maintained

of the number of 0’s and 1’s being transmitted
 More 1’s than 0’s give positive disparity
 More 0’s than 1’s gives negative disparity
 Same number gives neutral disparity

 Only valid values of CRD are -1 and 1

 Any other value indicates that a transmission error has
occurred
 CRD+ & CRD- Encoded Characters

This 10b Character transmitted This 10b Character transmitted

when CRD negative when CRD positive

1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
This character This character
6 ones 4 ones
4 zeros 6 zeros
Disparity +2 Disparity -2
 SATA Frame Structure
 All SATA frames consist of:
 A start of frame (SOF) delimiter
 A payload – transport layer information
 A Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
 An end of frame (EOF) delimiter

SOF Payload Data CRC EOF

 Transport Layer
 Responsible for the management of Frame
Information Structures (FIS)

 At the command of Application layer:

 Format the FIS
 Make frame transmission request to Link layer
 Pass FIS contents to Link layer
 Receive transmission status from Link layer and
reports to Application layer
 Command / Application Layer
Host /Device Control Software
 Defined using a series
Buffer Memory
of state diagrams
 Register H  D DMA management
 Register D  H
 DMA data in Serial digital transport control
 DMA data out

Serial digital link control

Serial physical interface

Host/Device Layers
 Port Multiplier (PM)

A platform for one active host connection to

communicate with multiple devices

SATA
HDD 0
SATA
Host Bus 1.5 or 3.0 Gabs SATA HDD 1
PM SATA
Adapter HDD 2
SATA
HDD 3

Port Multiplier Aware Port Multiplier Any SATA

Host Controller Device Device
Benefits___________________
 Reduces mechanical latency within the drive
 Reduces command status overhead in highly
queued workloads
 Low voltage requirement
 Higher Integration
 Speed
 Increase Capabilities
 Etc.
Aplications___________________
 Secondary storage
 Data changes periodically
 Tape replacement
 Disk-to-disk backup
 Video edit, create, delivery
 Video security and surveillance
 Temporary storage
 High-performance computing
SATA-Products______________
Security and surveillance

Video Editing
Bulk
Storage

SATA Products Disk to Disk Backup

Workstations

Video
on-demand
Gaming
Super
computing