FILIPINO
CULTURAL VALUES
BY: THAMIE CRIS MORATO
DEFINITION
CULTURE
- customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group.
- the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes an institution or
organization.
VALUES
- From the Latin word VALERE, means strong and vigorous.
JOCANO(2000)
It is a concept which we use as points of reference or criteria for recognizing, expressing and evaluating
social realities in the environmental in terms of:
• desirability
• importance
• significance
• worth
• quality
• merit
• price
• usefulness
VALUE SYSTEM
ONE OF THE IMPORTANT ELEMENTS IN FILIPINO CULTURE.
Other elements includes the following:
• Basic personality
• Basic social unit
• Politics
• Economics
• Technology
• Ecology
FILIPINO VALUES CAN BE
TRANSLATED AS:
• BUTI – it is something desired of what is good.
• PAMANTAYAN – standards which is enable us to organize our ideas and interpret our
experiences within the context of commonly shared meaning of things, events, or actions.
• HALAGA – worth, importance, evaluation, or assessment.
• GANDA – encompassing everything that is to be pursued, what is beautiful must be
appreciated and recognized.
4 TEST OF VALUE BY ROBIN
WILLIAMS
1. EXTENSIVE OF THE VALUE
-in the total activity of the system. What proportion of the population manifests the
value? How many of the people in the community are are applying?
2. DURATION OF THE VALUE
-When was this value implemented? Was it persistently important over
the period of time?
3. INTENSITY WITH WHICH THE VALUE IS OUGHT OR MAINTAINED
-shown through efforts, choices, verbal affirmations and by reactions to threats to the
values.
4. PRESTIGE OF VALUE CARRIERS
- Who are the implementers of the value? Do they possess the integrity to be such models
of the value?
STAGES AND DEVELOPMENT OF
FILIPINO VALUE FORMATION
1. PRECONDITIONAL STAGE: CHILDHOOD
- is the phase wherein children comply with the values of those who
assert power on them (parents, teachers, nuns, and priests).
2. THE CONVENTIONAL STAGE: YOUTH
- during the conventional stage or youth, adolescence identify their peers, idos and teachers
due to interpersonal communication.
3. POSTCONVENTIONAL STAGE: ADULTHOOD
- the people internalize the values they have imbibed in the first two stages without fear.
PAMANTAYAN SYSTEM:
AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO FILIPINO VALUE SYSTEM
Landa F. Jocano
- pamantayan is the appropriate model for understanding the Filipino traditional value
sytem.
- the model rightfully answers the question : “Why do Filipinos behave the way they
do?” The answer is unanimous because they observe the same pamantayan for doing things.
HALAGA – represents the surface level of the pamantayan system and functions as
the cognitive-evaluate core of the system.
ASAL – is primarily a behavioral concept which refers to the intrinsic quality and
meaning of actions.
DIWA – is the spiritual core of our traditional values and the essence of our collective
sentiments or psyche as a people.
FAMILY CLOSENESS AN
SECURITY
Natural dependence and mutual sharing among family members – financially, spiritually, and
emotionally.
Filipinos have an extended family structure where married sons and daughters remain under
the roof of their parents for protection.
CLOSE-KNIT PHENOMENON is a binding element as the threads of society are rewoven
by giving attention on what the individual experiences in his/her capacity as a member of the
community.
The family is seen as a defense against a hostile world and a unit where one can turn to incase
any of the member of the family has a serious problem.
SOCIAL
SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE
- refers to the way of life of Filipinos to be recognized of acknowledged by their fellowmen
and social groups.
PAKIKISAMA
- is yielding to the will of the majority or to the leader which could result to both positive and
negative behavior. It refers to one’s effort to get along with everybody.
- ability to get along with each other in such a way as to avoid conflicts. Camaraderie among
Filipino which makes them flexible and easy to be with (Fr. Frank Lynch).
EUPHEMISM
- stating an unpleasant truth, opinion or request as pleasantly as possible. In order not to
offend others - direct, harsh, and brutal words must be avoided.
THE USE OF A GO-BETWEEN TO PRESERVE OR RESTORE SMOOTH
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS (SIR)
Go-between or middleman is a way of social acceptance to avoid being embarrassed in a face-
to-face confrontation that may bring an uncomfortable feeling of shame.
PERSONALISM is manifested in practices such as:
• Pakikiusap (request)
• Lagay o areglo (fixing)
• Palakasan (use of power and influence)
• Nepotism
• Favoritism
Friendship and Kinship – plays an important role in the reciprocal relationship
between practices.
Nepotism – is the employment of relatives to share an individual’s good fortune.
NONRATIONALISM – refers to the tendency to percieve thoughts, objects, events, and
person as sacred.
AMISM – is the belief that a spirit pervades in activities.
FATALISM – expresses the bahala na attitude which means leaving matters as they are because
nature will take its course.
It is believing that life depends on:
• Swerte or buenas (good luck)
• Tadhana (decried by fate)
• Malas (bad luck)
• Gulong ng palad (life’s ups and down)
• Tsamba (undeserved success brought about luck)
BAHALA NA
It is an expression which expresses that fatalistic outlook of the Filipino. It
happens when one simply resigns to the consequences of life’s difficulties.
In every positive way, “bahala na” is what makes people move, take risks, and
plan for the future (Panopio & Rolda, 2000).
BAYANIHAN: TEAM SPIRIT
- Denotes camaraderie among the people in the community and connotes helping one another
in time of need.
UTANG NA LOOB: INFINITE RESPONSIBILTY
- Portrays our true identity based on our concern and response to other.
PAGTANAW is the unending gratitude but it is not enough because the responsibility to
others does not need since pagpapakatao and pakikipagkapwa-tao has no limits.
HOSPITALITY: A WELCOME ATTITUDE
Bukas-Loob na Pagtanggap – Filipinos open their hearts to complete strangers and offer them
the best in their homes.
2 HOSPITABLE ATTITUDES
1. TAO PO? TUOY PO KAYO!
(is there anybody home? Welcome!)
- Process of welcoming one’s sense of being/ invites a down-to-earth encounter between
stranger and a host.
2. PWEDE BANG MAKISUKOB? OO BA! (may I take cover? Of course?)
-denotes sharing something.
• Pwede(May I…) is a courteous word in packaging of pleading and request.
• OO is the height of the encounter that shows as acceptance of a person no matter what they
look like.
• Pwede bang makisukob. May be interpreted in the Filipino ideal as pakikisama.
FILIPINO VALUE SYSTEM AND NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT:
A CULTURAL CHALLENGE
HILARIO DAVID
• Culture simply rendered people’s lives meaningful.
• It was a source of identity, of confidence and of self esteem.
• It allows people to understand the world and define their places within it.
• Culture permitted communities and generations to share a common memory.
FILIPINOS ARE:
• Proud of being puspusang loob.
• Mapamaraan (resourceful) and mapanuklas (ingenous).
• Filipinos know their competence.
• “kayang kaya mo ‘yan” is the encouraging phrase of the Filipinos to do their best through
tiyaga.
• Imbued with lakas ng loob (self confidence or self reliance)
In their desire for social acceptance, Filipinos are:
• Marunong makibagay
• Marunong makiisa
• Marunong makilahok
• Marunong makipagpalagayang loob
• Marunong makisalamuha
• Marunong makisangkot
• Marunong makitungo
• Marunong makisama
Thank you!
