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Battery Ignition System

The ignition system generates a high voltage from the vehicle's 12V battery to produce sparks in the spark plugs. It consists of a battery, ignition coil, contact breaker, distributor and spark plugs. When the contact breaker closes, current builds a magnetic field in the ignition coil. When the contacts open, the collapsing field induces a high voltage in the secondary coil, which the distributor routes to the spark plugs to ignite the fuel.

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Navani Krishna
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2K views16 pages

Battery Ignition System

The ignition system generates a high voltage from the vehicle's 12V battery to produce sparks in the spark plugs. It consists of a battery, ignition coil, contact breaker, distributor and spark plugs. When the contact breaker closes, current builds a magnetic field in the ignition coil. When the contacts open, the collapsing field induces a high voltage in the secondary coil, which the distributor routes to the spark plugs to ignite the fuel.

Uploaded by

Navani Krishna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

Ignition System

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Ignition System

Purpose of Ignition System

 The purpose of the ignition system is to generate a very high


voltage from the 12 volt battery.

 To send high voltage to each sparkplug in turn, igniting the fuel-air


mixture in the engine's combustion chambers .

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Ignition System - Types

Types of Ignition System

 Battery Coil Ignition System


 Magneto Ignition System
 Electronic Ignition system

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Ignition System

Battery Coil Ignition System


 Parts
 Construction
 Working principle
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Applications

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Battery Ignition System
 Battery Ignition System is used in automobiles to produce spark in the
spark plug for the combustion of fuel in the I.C. engine.

 Battery - Main source for the spark generation.

 Mostly used in light commercial vehicles.

 There are different ignition system such as a magneto ignition


system, distributorless ignition system and electronic ignition system.

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Battery Ignition System

Main parts of battery ignition


system are
 Battery
 Ignition switch
 Ballast resistor
 Ignition coil
 Contact breaker
 Capacitor
 Distributor
 Spark plug
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Battery Ignition System

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Battery Ignition System

Battery
 To provide energy for ignition.
 It is work as storage of energy and charged by
dynamo, which is driven by engine.

Ignition switch
 
 It is used to turn on and off the ignition system.
 Battery is connected to the primary winding of
ignition coil by ignition switch and ballast resistor.
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Battery Ignition System

Ballast resistor
 

 It is connected in series with primary winding to regulate current in primary


winding.
 Used to prevent injury due to overheating of ignition coil.
 Controls the current passes through primary winding.
 Made by iron. Iron has property of increase electrical resistance rapidly by
increase in temperature at certain limit.
 This additional resistance resists flowing current which control the temperature of
ignition coil.
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Battery Ignition System
Ignition coil
 The purpose of ignition coil to step up the battery voltage (6 or 12 V) to a high
voltage, which is sufficient to produce spark at spark plug.
 It consist a magnetic core or soft wire or sheet, and two electrical winding called
primary winding and secondary winding.
 The primary winding has generally 200-300 turn (20 gauge wire)
 The secondary has almost 21000 turns of copper wire (40 gauge wire).
Contact breaker
 Mechanical device making and braking the primary circuit to ignition coil.
 When the points are closed - current flow in ignition coil and
 When it open - flow of current stopped. 10
Battery Ignition System
Capacitor
 It is a simple electrical capacitor in which two metal plate are separated by an
insulating material with a distance. (Stored electrons and released high voltage)
 Distributor

 Distributor is used to regulate spark in each spark plug at correct sequence.


 There are two types of distributor:
 Carbon brush type - carried by the rotor arm sliding over the metallic segment
embedded into the distributor cap.
 Gap type - electrode of rotor arm pass close to but does not make contact with the
distributor cap.

11
Battery Ignition System

Spark Plug
 

 A spark plug generally has two electrodes which are separated with each other.
 A high potential discharge flow through it which generate spark and ignite the
combustion mixture in cylinder.
 The electrode usually made by high nickel alloy so it can withstand with high
temperature and corrosion resistance.

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Battery Ignition System

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Battery Ignition System

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Battery Ignition System
 When the contact breaker points  When the contact breaker points are
closed: opened:
 The circuit is closed when the ignition  The magnetic field sets up in the
switch is put ON. primary winding is suddenly
collapsed.
 The current builds up a magnetic field  A high voltage (15,000 V) is
in the primary winding of the ignition generated in the secondary winding
coil. of the ignition coil.
 When the primary current is at the  This high voltage is directed to the
highest peak, the contact breaker rotor of the distributor.
points will be opened by the cam.  The rotor directs this voltage to the
individual spark plugs according to
the firing order. 15
Battery Ignition System
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
 It provides better sparks even at low  Heavier than magneto ignition system.
speeds of the engine.
 If the battery is weak the engine can
 The initial cost is low as compared
not be started.
with magneto ignition system.
 The breaker points are continuously
 The maintenance cost is negligible
subjected to wear.
except the battery.
 The sparking voltage drops as the
 The spark intensity is not affected by
speed increases (So it is not fully
timing control mechanism.
reliable of high speed engine.).

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