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Gladys G. Candelaria Keycheck 2

The document discusses the importance of proper land preparation and leveling for rice cultivation. It states that a well-leveled field with no more than 5cm variation in water depth is important for good water and crop management. It then lists the benefits of a well-leveled field as less weeds, better snail control, uniform growth and 5% higher yields. Finally, it provides recommendations for achieving a well-leveled field, including cleaning ditches and dikes, plowing 3-4 weeks before planting, harrowing twice, and using a leveling plank.

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92 views20 pages

Gladys G. Candelaria Keycheck 2

The document discusses the importance of proper land preparation and leveling for rice cultivation. It states that a well-leveled field with no more than 5cm variation in water depth is important for good water and crop management. It then lists the benefits of a well-leveled field as less weeds, better snail control, uniform growth and 5% higher yields. Finally, it provides recommendations for achieving a well-leveled field, including cleaning ditches and dikes, plowing 3-4 weeks before planting, harrowing twice, and using a leveling plank.

Uploaded by

Froy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Land Preparation

KEY CHECK 2
Well-leveled field
What do you observe in the two pictures?

A B

Which seems well-leveled, What are the benefits of a


2 A or B? Why? well-leveled field?
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Importance of Key Check 2

• less weed incidence


• better snail
management
• efficient nutrient
utilization
A well-leveled field • uniform crop growth &
is a pre-requisite to maturity;
• timely harvesting
GOOD WATER &
CROP MANAGEMENT.
• efficient use of water &
application of
controlled irrigation
practices
• efficient use of farm
3 machinery
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
If field is not well-leveled...
5% Y
i
redu eld
ction

• more water is needed to drench the soil, reducing water


use and time efficiency.
• there is increased weed incidence, difficulty in managing
snails, proper nutrient utilization, uneven crop growth
and maturity that results to inefficient use of water,
reduced grain quality, and yield reduction.
4 ___________
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Assessment of Key Check 2

No high and low soil spots after


final leveling:

• No portion has more than 5 cm of


water depth.
• No mound of soil can be seen above
the [5cm] water surface after final
land leveling.

5
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2
1. Clean & repair dikes & ditches.
• Clean dikes help
prevent/control pests.
• Compacted dikes prevent
seepage.
• Dikes maintained at 15cm
high by 20cm wide prevent
rat burrowing.
• Ditches ensure even water
distribution & drainage.

6
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key
Check 2
2. Plow or rotavate field 21-30 days before
planting.
• allots time for the
germination of weed seeds
& drop seeds
• incorporates plant residues
(e.g. weeds, rice straw, &
stubbles) to allow time for
decomposition
• controls pests and water
flow

If organic materials are not fully decomposed,


soil becomes acidic & some nutrients become
less available.
7
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2
3. Harrow field twice at 1 week interval.
• breaks the soil clods
• incorporates stubbles
• allows weed seeds to
germinate
• helps reduce initial
pest population
• maintains hard pan
The first harrowing is along plowing
pattern; the second, crosswise (also
the initial leveling).
8
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2
4. Level the field with a wooden plank or tiller-attached
leveler.
• allows uniform
water distribution
• facilitates easier
irrigation and
drainage

Field must be filled with


5cm water depth for ease
of leveling.
9
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2

5. For direct wet-seeded rice, construct small


canals surrounding the field near the levee & at
the middle of the field.

• provides path for excess


water
• facilitates collection of
snails
• facilitates field operations
(i.e. replanting, weeding)

10
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2
In summary:

(3rd
1st 2nd Harrowing)
Plowing Harrowing Harrowing Final leveling
Rest period Planting

day 0 day 7 day 14 day 21

11
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Input Output Outcome
Well-leveled
• dikes & field
• decomposed • high yield
ditches
plant residues • high grain
cleaned & • reduced pests quality
repaired • uniform crop • minimal
• prepared the growth and
maturity damage to
field 21-30
• efficient water environmen
days before
and nutrient t
planting uptake
• better crop
management

12
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Review!

14
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
What is the assessment for Key Check 2?
No high & low soil
spots after final
leveling:
• No portion has more than 5 cm of
water depth (≈ thumb length).
• No mound of soil can be seen above
the [5cm] water surface after final
land leveling.
15
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
What are the recommendations to achieve Key Check
2?

repair dikes & ditches.


Clean & _______
1. _______
21-30 days before
2. Plow/rotavate field ___________
planting.
2x at 1 week interval.
3. Harrow field at least ______

Level the field with a wooden plank or


4. _________
power tiller-attached leveler.

16
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Why is it important to clean and repair
dikes and ditches before planting?
• less weed incidence
• better snail management
• efficient nutrient utilization
• uniform crop growth & maturity;
timely harvesting
• efficient use of water & application of
controlled irrigation practices
17
• efficient use of farm machinery
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Why do we need to prepare the field 21-30
days before planting?
Generally, 30 days gives enough time for
weeds and drop seeds to germinate and get
destroyed through tillage (plowing,
harrowing). It is important to control the drop
seeds to lessen the source of off-types.

Also, to allow proper decomposition of plant


residues that will later add to soil nutrients..

18
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
Give examples of negative effects of a poorly-
leveled field?
• Higher weed incidence
• Poor snail management
• Less efficient nutrient utilization
• Uneven crop growth & maturity;
• Less efficient use of water &
application of controlled irrigation
practices
• Less efficient use of farm machinery
19
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
If the field is not well-leveled, what is the expected
yield reduction in percent?

Answer:

5% Yield
reduction

20
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
THANK YOU

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