NETWORKING

SOLUTIONS

Guided by:
Mrs. T.V.Doshi (Internal)
Mr. Nihar Kapadia(External)
(Chief Consultant,P.K.E.L)

Prepared By:
Ankita Sinha(07-ecg-02)
Hadi Rashid(07-ecg-22)
GROUP NO:1
 INTRODUCTION
 NETWORK:
A Network is a group of computers and devices interconnected by
communication channels that facilitate communication among users and
allow the users to share resources.
 NETWORKING SOLUTION deals with the establishment of Local Area
Network(LAN), wireless network, Wide Area Network(WAN).
 To achieve this a defined approach is followed which is known as
“PPDIOO cycle” different terms stand for:
1)P: Prepare phase
2)P: Plan phase
3)D: Design phase
4)I: Implement phase
5)O: Operate phase
6)O: Optimize phase
“PPDIOO” CYCLE:
PREPARE

PLAN
OPTIMIZE

OPERATE DESIGN

IMPLEMENT
PREPARE PHASE:
 This phase involves the establishment of organizational
requirements, developing a network strategy and proposing
a high level conceptual architecture ,identifying
technologies that can support the proposed architecture in
the most efficient way .
 The company provides us with two things during this phase:
 Site plan…
 Requirements…
PLAN PHASE:
 Plan phase involves identifying network requirements covering
questions like where the network is installed, who will require
which network services etc. It also involves analysis of any
existing network at the installation site and to determine
whether it will support the proposed system or not. The project
plan should align with the scope, cost and resource parameters
established in original business requirements.

 Keeping the above points in mind a business proposal is made

which consists of the plan of the complete network and this
proposed plan is to be granted by the consumer and then we
finally get requirements of the network to be established.
 DESIGN PHASE:
 The initial requirements determined in Plan phase drive the network
design specialists’ activities. These specialists design the network
according to the requirements as well as the data gathered during
network analysis and through discussion with managers and network
users. The final network design meets the current business and
technical requirements and incorporates specifications to support
availability, reliability, scalability, security and performance. The
design phase forms the basis for the implementation phase.

 The designing part covers:

1)Cabling
2)Switching and routing
 CABLING:
 The selection of the cable to be used is based on the Bandwidth
consumption while using different applications at individual
Data/Voice points.
 UTP cables are used for indoor applications.
 In the current application for setting up floor wise LAN n/w CAT6A
cables are used throughout.
 CAT5 cables are rarely used for industrial applications nowadays.
 Fiber optic cables are also an option but not a feasible one. They
are more suitable for backbone connectivity or outdoor
applications.
CABLING SAMPLE:
CABLE LAYOUT:
 Cable layout/ground floor
 Cable layout/first floor
 Cable layout/second floor
 Cable layout/third floor
BACKBONE OF THE NETWORK
 Strong Backbone is very important for proper functioning of a
body or a system.
 In Networking the term BACKBONE refers to the connection
between Server Room and Network Room.
 Because Fibre Optic Cables are more resistant to EMI & electric
shocks as well as capable of providing high level of security they
are preferable over UTP Cables for Backbone connectivity.

Multimode FOC are used.  
BACKBONE CONNECTIVITY
 Backbone connectivity/optical fiber
 SWITCHES AND ROUTERS
 A switch or router is a computer networking device that connects
network segments.
 The term commonly refers to a network bridge (combination of switches
and routers) that processes and routes data at the data link layer(layer 2)
and network layer(layer 3 and above)of the OSI model.

 Interconnection of different networks at layer 2 is done by switches and

the same function at layer 3 is performed by routers in our proposed LAN
network.
 The switches which are use in our proposed LAN network are L2(layer
2)switch.
 The two L2 switches used are:
1)Cisco-6500 catalyst switch
2)Cisco-2960 catalyst switch
 CISCO 6500 CATALYST SWITCH:
 The Catalyst 6500 Series delivers highly available secure converged
network services for Enterprise and Service Provider networks.
Designed to address the increased requirements for gigabit scalability,
high-availability, rich services, and multilayer switching in
backbone, distribution, and wiring closet topologies as well as
datacenter environments, the Catalyst 6500 Series delivers exceptional
scalability and price/performance, supporting a wide range of
interface densities, performance, and integration of powerful services
modules.
 For the above mentioned features of 6500 switch it is used in the
backbone of the network and firefall is attached to it for network
security.
CISCO 2960 CATALYST SWITCH:
 The Cisco Catalyst 2960 series switches provide Fast Ethernet
and Gigabit Ethernet connectivity in a standalone, fixed-
configuration form factor that can deliver enhanced LAN services
to the branch office network environments.
 For the following features of the 2960 switch it is used in our
proposed LAN network for the network management at different
floors ie in the “network room” of different floors.
 FEATURES:
1)Layer 2 Fast Ethernet switching
2)QoS traffic classification & shaping for data & application
prioritization
3)Single IP address and SYSLOG & SNMP management for a stack
of up to 16 switches
6500 catalyst switch 2960 catalyst switch
RACK UNIT DETAILS:
 At all the network rooms all the switches and their
respective patch cords are placed in a unit and the
completed LAN setup is managed with its help. This
setup is known as “rack unit”.

 Rack unit/network room

MATERIAL ESTIMATION:
 After the type of cables, Routers, switches, patch cord etc has
been decided a complete estimation of the total material used in
the implementation of the proposed design is prepared.
 Usually done for costing purpose.
 The actual amount of material used may vary minutely.
 Include every Major and Minor components like total no of
switches and routers used, total length of cable, total number of
junction Boxes used ETC..
IMPLEMENT PHASE:

 The implementation and verification begins after the

design has been approved.
 The network and any other additional components are
designed according to the system specifications, with the
goals of integrating devices without disrupting the existing
network or creating points of vulnerability.
OPERATE PHASE:
 Operation is the final test of design’s appropriateness. The
operate phase involves maintaining network health
through day to day operations, which might include
maintaining high availability and reducing expenses. The
fault detection, correction and performance monitoring
that occurred in daily operations forms the basis of
network lifecycle’s optimize phase.
OPTIMIZE PHASE:
 The optimize phase is based on proactive network management,
he goal of which is to identify and resolve issues before real
problems arise and the organization gets affected. Reactive fault
detection and correction(troubleshooting) are necessary when
proactive management cannot predict and mitigate the failures.
 The optimize phase might lead to network redesign if there are
too many faults, if performance does not meet network
expectations, or if new network applications are identified to
support organizational or technical requirements.
FUTURE ASPECTS:
 Extension of users and servers:

 Each solution is proposed by keeping a fact in mind that the every

costumer wants to take benefit from Investment for longest possible
period.
 Any company expects that in near future the employees(users) &
the servers will increase and so the present solution should be able
to accommodate these changes.
 Thus any design should be made while keeping in mind the future
aspects.
THANK YOU