Art Integrated Activity

Mathematics

name-snehal singh roll no-38

registration no-6210/2008Presenter Name
class-12 b
Matrices And Its Application
Introduction

A matrix is an ordered rectangular array of

numbers and functions. A matrix having “m”
rows and “n” columns is called a matrix of
order (m*).The numbers in a matrix can
represent data, and they can also represent
mathematical equations.

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Matrices with a single row are
called row vectors, and those with
a single column are called column
vectors. A matrix with the same
number of rows and columns is
called a square matrix.[5] A matrix
with an infinite number of rows or
columns (or both) is called an
infinite matrix. In some contexts,
such as computer algebra
programs, it is useful to consider a
matrix with no rows or no
columns, called an empty matrix.
Matrix are written in box brackets
or parentheses.
Applications Of Matrices
 Applications of Matrices

Matrices have many applications in diverse fields of science, commerce and

social science. 
Matrices are used in:
(i) Computer Graphics 
(ii) Optics 
(iii) Cryptography 
(iv) Economics
(v) Chemistry 
(vi) Geology 
(vii) Robotics and animation 
(viii) Wireless communication and signal processing 
(ix) Finance ices
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 Use of Matrices In Computer Graphics
Earlier architecture, cartoons, automation were done by hand drawings
but nowadays they are done by using computer graphics. Square
matrices very easily represent linear transformation of objects. They are
used to project three dimensional images into two dimensional planes in
the field of graphics. In Graphics, digital image is treated as a matrix to
start with. The rows and columns of the matrix correspond to rows and
columns of pixels and the numerical entries correspond to the pixels’
color values. Using matrices to manipulate a point is a common
mathematical approach in video game graphics Matrices are also used
to express graphs. Every graph can be represented as a matrix, each
column and each row of a matrix is a node and the value of their
intersection is the strength of the connection between them. Matrix
operations such as translation, rotation and sealing are used in graphics.
For transformation of a point we use the equation.
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 optics
An ABCD matrix [1] is a 2-by-2 matrix associated with an
optical element which can be used for describing the element's
effect on a laser beam. It can be used both in ray optics, where
geometrical rays are propagated, and for propagating Gaussian
beams. The paraxial approximation is always required for ABCD
matrix calculations, i.e., the involved beam angles or divergence
angles must stay small for the calculations to be accurate.

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 If you don’t see the Notes
During your presentation, pane or it is completely
To start a presentation, go The Notes pane is a box
the speaker notes are visible minimized, click Notes on
to the Slide Show tab, and
select From Beginning. cryptography
on your monitor, but aren't
visible to the audience. 
that appears below each
slide. Tap it to add notes. 
the task bar across the
bottom of the PowerPoint
window. 

Cryptography is the technique to encrypt data so that only the relevant person can
get the data and relate information. In earlier days, video signals were not used to
encrypt. Anyone with satellite dish was able to watch videos which results in the
loss for satellite owners, so they started encrypting the video signals so that only
those who have video ciphers can unencrypt the signals. This encryption is done by
using an invertible key that is not invertible then the encrypted signals cannot be
unencrypted and they cannot get back to their original form.

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 Economics and chemistry
Economics Chemistry
One of the most obvious uses of matrices is to organize
In economics very large the data of several simultaneous equations in a compact
matrices are used for the form so it can be manipulated and easily solved. This is
most commonly used in Analytical Chemistry. A set of
optimization of problems, for linear simultaneous equations consisting of numerical
values for the coefficients A and the values b can be
example in making the best use solved for the unknown variables x when it is written in
matrix form A x = b. As we need as many simultaneous
of assets, whether labor or equations as there are unknown variables we will have a
capital, in the manufacturing of square matrix for A. If we multiply by the inverse of A on
both sides it gives A-1 Ax = A-1 b, or Ix = A-1 b where I is
a product and managing very the identity matrix and so x = A-1 b. So the problem is
reduced to finding the inverse matrix.
large supply chains.

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 Geology, Robotics And Animations and
wireless communication
Geology Robotics And Wireless
Animations communication and
signal processing
Matrices are used for taking seismic It can help make animations more Matrices are used to model the
survey. precise and perfect. wireless signals and to optimize
them. For detection, extractions and
They are used for plotting graphs,
processing of the information
statistics and also to do scientific In robotics and automation, matrices embedded in signals matrices are
studies and research in almost are the basic components for robot used. Matrices play a key role in
different fields. actions. The inputs for controlling signal estimation and detection
robots are obtained based on the problems. They are used in sensor
calculations from matrices and these array signal processing and design of
are very accurate movements. adaptive filters. Matrices help in
processing and representing digital
images. 11
Finance ices
In mathematics, a matrix is a rectangular array of numbers,
symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns. Matrix
algebra generalizes classical analytical notions such as
derivatives and exponentials to higher dimensions. Matrix
algebra collects the various partial derivatives of a single
function with respect to many variables, and of a multivariate
function with respect to a single variable, into vectors and
matrices that can be treated as single entities. This greatly
simplifies operations, such as finding the maximum or
minimum of a multivariate function and solving systems of
differential equations. Calculations in portfolio theory,
financial economics, and financial econometrics rely on the use
of matrix algebra because of the need to manipulate large data
inputs.
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Thank you

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