SUSTAINABLE

TOURISM
PLANNING
Unit 3
CONTENTS
 Sustainable Tourism
Planning
 Steps of sustainable tourism
planning
 Land-use & Land use
patterns
 Environmental Impact
Assessment
 Environmental impact
system
 Environmental
management system
 Benefits (socio-cultural,
economical, environmental)
What is Sustainable tourism ?
◦ The concept of sustainable tourism involves the balanced economic, social and cultural
development of tourism without endangering the environment.
◦ Planning of sustainable tourism actually concerns preserving the environment, and it
encompasses a variety of research and analysis before making a decision on any determination
of the direction of development.
What is Sustainable tourism planning ?
◦ Sustainable tourism planning is a process of planning & development of
tourism to be achieved without degradation or depletion of natural
resources.
Steps in Sustainable tourism planning :
Process planning

Determination of objectives

Examination of elements

Analysis and synthesis

Formulation of plans and policies

Formulation of recommendations

Selection of suitable strategies

Implementation

Monitoring applications
Process planning
◦ The first step in the planning process, it is the careful preparation of a guidelines, through
which the entire planning process takes place.

◦ Guidelines formulation,
◦ Selection of team for conducting research,
◦ Formation of committees for controlling and organizing activities during the preparation
of the study.
Determination of Objectives
◦ Second step in sustainable tourism planning.

◦ This step concerns the determination of objectives for tourist development.

◦ Based on the goals to be achieved the suitable objectives shall be formulated.
Examination of Elements
◦ The third step in tourism planning.
◦ One of the most important moments in sustainable tourism planning and main concern of this
step is to categorize tourism attractions and tourist destinations.

◦ categorize the attractions based on its type

◦ rate the attractions depending on their availability
◦ creation of a brand of destination
Analysis and Synthesis
◦ 4th step in sustainable tourism
◦ Analysis is nothing but understanding the exact situation and criteria.
◦ The synthesis includes combination and integration of various components of a particular
analysis, for clear understanding of the situation.

◦ Asset evaluation
◦ Market analysis (qualitative and quatitative analysis of market)
◦ Impact analysis (economic, socio-cultural, environmental)
Formulation of plans and policies

◦ The formulation of plans and policies is the preparation of alternative scenarios for
development and the evaluation of their ability for achieving the objectives.

◦ The formulation of policies for tourist development

◦ Preparation of the structural plan
Selection of suitable strategies and plans
◦ Results from the data collection & analysis of the survey are collected and
the list of suitable strategies are fomulated for overall sustainable tourism
development.
Implementation of plans
◦ One of the important steps in sustainable tourist planning and development.
◦ Also known as stage of construction
◦ It is nothing but the method of implementing the developed plans throughout the
hierarchy.
Monitoring
◦ Final process
◦ Once the developmental plan are been implemented it must be closely monitered inorder to
detect any aviations & problems that may occur in the developmental process of sustainable
tourism.
Land-use & Land use patterns
◦ Land use is the term used to describe the human use of land. It represents the economic and
cultural activities (e.g., agricultural, residential, industrial, mining, and recreational uses) that
are practiced at a given place.

◦ Land use involves the management and modification of natural environment into built
environment such as settlements and semi-natural habitats such as arable fields,
pastures, and managed woods which can be termed as land use patterns.
Types of Land use patterns
◦ Residential (Residential land is used for housing )
◦ Transportation (Transport land is used for roads, railways, subways, or airports. Which also includes:
sidewalks, roads, highways, subways, streetcars, railroad tracks, freight yards, airports, ports )
◦ Institutional (Land that is occupied by schools, hospitals, government offices, and places of worship )
◦ Open Space (Land that is now vacant, or left in a natural state )
◦ Industrial (Land that is used for industry)
◦ Commercial ( Land that is set aside for commercial activities. This includes any land use that is used
for buying, selling, or trading goods and services )
◦ Agricultural (Agricultural land, which is used for growing crops and rearing animals )
EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)
◦ Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of evaluating the environmental impacts of a
proposed project or development, impacts comprises of socio-economic, cultural and human-health
impacts, both beneficial and adverse.

◦ Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to identify the environmental, social and
economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making.
◦ It aims to predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design,
◦ It also finds a way and means to reduce adverse impacts to the local environment.
The EIA Process
1. Screening (surveying)
2. Collection of baseline data
3. Impact prediction
4. Mitigation measures and EIA report
5. Public hearing
6. Monitoring and implementation of environmental management plan
7. Assessment of Alternatives
8. Risk assessment
Importance of EIA
• EIA links environment with development for environmentally safe and sustainable development.
• EIA provides a cost effective method to eliminate or minimize the adverse impact of developmental
projects.
• EIA enables the decision makers to analyse the effect of developmental activities on the environment
well before the developmental project is implemented.
• EIA encourages the adaptation of mitigation strategies in the developmental plan.
• EIA makes sure that the developmental plan is environmentally useful and in regeneration of the
ecosystem.
EIS (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SYSTEM)
◦ The environmental impact statement (EIS) is a government document that outlines the impact of a
proposed project on its surrounding environment. Environmental impact statements are meant to
inform the work and decisions of policymakers and community leaders.
◦ The official definition of an environmental impact statement according to the International
Association for Impact Assessment is “the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating
and mitigating the biophysical, social and other relevant effects of development proposals
prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made.”
EIS (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SYSTEM)
process
1. Scoping (Scoping is the process used to determine the appropriate contents of an Environmental Impact
Statement )
2. Analytical Scenarios (After the alternatives to the proposal are determined, we develop scenarios for the
proposal and each alternative. Those are the bases for the analyses of possible impacts.)
3. Impact Analysis (A separate analysis is prepared for the proposal and each alternative. The objective of
the analysis is to estimate the nature, severity, and duration of impacts that might occur and to compare
the impacts of the proposal and alternatives)
4. Draft EIS and Public Review
5. Final EIS (The principal concern in developing the final EIS is to address public comments on the draft
EIS in a responsive and responsible fashion. The final EIS includes a summary of all comments and our
responses.)
EMS (ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM)
◦ Environmental Management System is a set of internal rules which are defined by a collection of
policies, processes, procedures and records. This system defines how a company will identify, assess,
monitor and maintain the interactions with the environment in order to prevent negative
environmental impacts.
Ems process
PLANNING

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLEMENTATIO
POLICY N & OPERATION

MANAGEMENT
MONITORNG
REVIEW
Benefits of Sustainable Tourism
planning :
◦ Achieve efficiency and saving in business operation operating activities
◦ Maintain natural cycle and marine – costal eco systems and their influence in global climate change
◦ Preserve the destination attraction that prompted tourists to visit them in the first place
◦ Maintain destination quality and competitiveness
◦ Protect and improve prospective investment opportunities
◦ Protect and conserve biodiversity as legacy for future generation
Socio cultural Benefits:
◦ It respects the socio-cultural authenticity of the communities.
◦ It encourages small local activities
◦ It promotes both the culture and the products of the local area.
◦ It promotes the development of new businesses in the tourism sector.
◦ It economically revives rural areas in places where tourism takes place.
◦ Part of the benefits go towards building works of public interest.
◦ It improves the quality of life of the local population, both economically and socio-culturally.
◦ Sustainable tourism protects and preserves valued traditions
Environmental benefits :
◦ It reduces costs, energy consumption and co² emissions.
◦ It makes efficient use of our natural resources
◦ Sustainable tourism directly helps save endangered animals
◦ Sustainable tourism protects landscapes and environments