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G9 Ex Types of Data and Ways To Display Discrete Data

This document discusses classifying and displaying data. It begins by explaining that there are two main types of data: qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative data can be further classified as discrete or continuous. Discrete data can be counted or take on specific values, while continuous data can be measured and take on any value within a range. The document then discusses how to organize discrete data using frequency tables and bar charts. It provides examples of creating frequency tables and bar charts from raw data. Finally, it discusses grouping discrete data into class intervals for large data sets and creating grouped frequency tables and bar charts.

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49 views

G9 Ex Types of Data and Ways To Display Discrete Data

This document discusses classifying and displaying data. It begins by explaining that there are two main types of data: qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative data can be further classified as discrete or continuous. Discrete data can be counted or take on specific values, while continuous data can be measured and take on any value within a range. The document then discusses how to organize discrete data using frequency tables and bar charts. It provides examples of creating frequency tables and bar charts from raw data. Finally, it discusses grouping discrete data into class intervals for large data sets and creating grouped frequency tables and bar charts.

Uploaded by

キャベツ太郎さん
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Statistics

UNIT  8
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
TO BE ABLE TO
Classification CLASSIFY DATA AS
DISCRETE OR
and display of CONTINUOUS
data TO BE ABLE TO
ORGANIZE AND DISPLAY
DISCRETE DATA
Classifying data

 There are two main types of data: qualitative (numerical) and


quantitative (categorical).
 Qualitative data are data that are not given numerically (e.g.
favorite color)
 Quantitative data are numerical (e.g. number of siblings)

Statistics - Types of Data - YouTube


Quantitative data

 Quantitative data can be further classified as discrete or


continuous.
 Discrete data are either data that can be counted or data that
can only take specific values.
 Continuous data can be measured. They can take any value
within a range.
Discrete or continuous?

 The number of sweets in a packet


 The height of students in grade 10
 the number of red cars in a parking lot
 The weights of kittens
 the number of leaves on each branch of a tree
 The shoe sizes of athletes competing in the Olympics games
Population and sample

 When conducting a statistical investigation, the whole of a


group from which we may collect data is known as the
population.
 A sample is a small group chosen from the population.
 A representative sample is a small proportion of the population
that is supposed to be representative of the whole population
being studied.
 A random sample is one where each element has the same
chance of being included.
 A biased sample is one that is not random.
Random or biased?

 When researching spending habits, only interview women


coming out of Harrods (a very expensive store)
 When researching spending habits, interview every third
person you meet
Simple discrete data

 When there is a large amount of data, it is easier to interpret if


the data are organized in a frequency table or displayed as a
graph
 The best diagrams for displaying discrete data are pie charts
and bar charts
Frequency table

The numbers of sweets in 24 packets are shown below.


22 23 22 22 23 21 22 22 20 22 24 21
22 21 22 23 22 22 24 20 22 23 22 22

Organize this information in a frequency table.


Frequency table

22 23 22 22 23 21 22 22 20 22 24 21
22 21 22 23 22 22 24 20 22 23 22 22

Number of Tally Frequency


sweets
20
21
22
23
24
Total
Frequency table

Draw a bar chart to summarize this data

Number of Tally Frequency


sweets
20
21
22
23
24
Total
Bar chart rules!

A bar chart must have labels on each axis saying what it is


showing – the y-axis (the vertical one) is “frequency” or “number
of…”.

There must be gaps between the bars.

The numbers/gaps must be the same size each time.


How bar charts should look:

Labels
Number of sweets in 24 packs
14

12

10
Frequency

0
20 21 22 23 24
Number of sweets

Equally spaced Gaps between bars


Grouped discrete data

 In situations where there are lots of


different numerical values recorded, it
may not be practical to use an ordinary
frequency table, or to display the data
using a bar chart. Instead, we group the
data into class intervals.
Grouped frequency table

Example:
 This data records the numbers of oranges collected from 40
trees.
45 67 25 54 80 21 23 8 100 101
123 137 107 56 56 36 7 34 45 82
51 35 139 8 122 107 13 49 62 93
131 26 87 17 134 38 96 52 8 123
 Make a grouped frequency table with class intervals 0-19, 20-
39, 40-59, etc.
Grouped frequency table

45 67 25 54 80 21 23 8 100 101 123 137 107 56 56 36 7


34 45 82 51 35 139 8 122 107 13 49 62 93 131 26 87 17
134 38 96 52 8 123

Number Tally Frequency


of oranges We can now use this table to draw a
0-19 6 bar chart for the data. However, we
20-39 8 must remember that the individual
40-59 8 values are no longer seen.
60-79 2
80-99 5
100-119 4
120-139 7
Total 40
Grouped discrete data

numbers of oranges collected from 40 trees


9
8
7
6
Frequency

5
4
3
2
1
0
0-19 20-39 40-59 60-79 80-99 100-119 120-139
Number of oranges
Practice & HW

 P176 Exercise 9A
Describing the distribution of data

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