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ML Intro Types of Learning

Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence that allows systems to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. There are two main types of machine learning: supervised learning, where labeled training data is used to infer a function that maps inputs to outputs, and unsupervised learning, where unlabeled data is explored to discover hidden patterns. The goal is to allow computers to learn automatically from data without human intervention.

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47 views13 pages

ML Intro Types of Learning

Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence that allows systems to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. There are two main types of machine learning: supervised learning, where labeled training data is used to infer a function that maps inputs to outputs, and unsupervised learning, where unlabeled data is explored to discover hidden patterns. The goal is to allow computers to learn automatically from data without human intervention.

Uploaded by

Abhishek karwal
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MACHINE LEARNING

PCS 206

1
Overview

Machine Learning
Supervised Learning
Unsupervised Learning

2
Goal of Artificial Intelligence

 Development of computers/machine that can be taught rather than


programmed

 Simulation of intelligence
• Machine should be adaptable to new situations
• Capable of learning from experience

3
Machine Learning: Introduction
• Subfield of artificial intelligence (AI)
• Provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience
without being explicitly programmed. 
• Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can
access data and use it learn for themselves.

4
Learning
is an important
aspect of
intelligence

5
Machine Learning begins with DATA
• The process of learning begins with observations or data
• Examples: direct experience, or instruction, in order to look for patterns in data
and make better decisions in the future based on the examples that we provide. 
• The primary aim is to allow the computers learn automatically without
human intervention or assistance and adjust actions accordingly.

6
Machine Learning Algorithms
• Machine Learning methods are broadly classified into following
categories:

Supervised Learning Unsupervised learning

Algorithm generates a function that


No labelled examples are available
maps input to desired function

Labelled data Eg. Clustering, association rule mining

Eg. Classification and regression

7
Supervised Learning: Training
• Data mining task of inferring a function from labeled training data.
• The training data consist of a set of training examples.
• In supervised learning, each example is a pair consisting of an input object
(typically a vector) and the desired output value.

8
Supervised Learning…Contd.
• A supervised learning algorithm analyzes the training data
• Produces an inferred function
• This function is used for mapping new examples.

9
Supervised Learning…Testing
• An optimal scenario will allow for the algorithm to correctly determine the class
labels for unseen instances.
• This requires the learning algorithm to generalize from the training data to unseen
situations in a “reasonable” way.
• Eg. classification and regression algorithms

10
Supervised Classification

11
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Unsupervised Learning
• The information used to train is neither classified nor labeled.
• U.L studies how systems can infer a function to describe a hidden structure from
unlabeled data.
• The system doesn’t figure out the right output, but it explores the data and can
differentiate the given input data.
• All clustering algorithms fall under supervised learning.

13

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