MAPPING OF 4G NETWORK WITH

IMS &
CONNECTIVITY OF NETWORK Rajasi Ratnakar Sachin Yadav Shiny Bhattacharjee

ELEMENTS OF 4G WITH THOSE OF 21020542115 21020542124 21020542135

Presented by: Group 20

IMS

Shivangi Sharma Tanmay Siddharth Sandeep Saini Tuhin Deb

21020542137 21020542156 21020542169 21020542159
INTRODUCTION TO 4G
• 4G is the fourth generation of mobile cellular
network technology, succeeding the 2G and 3G • Another benefit of 4G networks is their
networks that came before it. 4G data networks much lower latency. When real-time
have revolutionized the mobile industry and interaction is required, such as in video
paved the way for today's mobile devices to be conferencing or online gaming, low
widely used. latency is critical.
• 4G network architecture offers significant • A 4G network solution makes sense for
speed improvements over legacy 3G networks. businesses of all sizes. Its flexibility,
4G is also sometimes referred to as 4G LTE. speed, and dependability are difficult
• The distinction between 4G and 4G LTE is to match by any other type of
purely based on marketing and the evolution of technology.
the 4G framework. LTE (Long Term
Evolution) was initially designed to help
carriers transition from 3G to 4G.
(Shivangi Sharma – 21020542137)
INTRODUCTION TO IMS
• The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), also known as the IP Multimedia
Core Network Subsystem, is a standardized architectural framework for
delivering IP multimedia services.
• IP Multimedia Subsystem, or IMS for short, is really a
telecommunications standard that governs multimedia services that
connect to various networks.

• The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a reference architecture defined

by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for delivering Internet
Protocol-based communication services (IP).
• IMS is praised for its openness and well-defined hierarchical structure, in
addition to providing a framework for transitioning from classic circuit
switch (CS) to packet switch (PS) telephony.
• Offers seamless, uninterrupted roaming, as well as optimized media
routing and call handoff, to ensure quick call connection times and low (Shivangi Sharma – 21020542137)
MAPPING OF 4G NETWORK WITH IMS
• The IMS is primarily used during transferring
voice and video-based multimedia services
over IP networks like VoLTE, VoWiFi, RCS,
and so on.
• IMS enables a packet-based network to
provide multiple services on single
Control/Service Layers via different access
network.
• IMS nodes necessitate longer deployment
cycles and thus are rigid and inflexible when it
comes to delivering various multimedia
services. It also communicates within IMS IMS DIAGRAM IN A TELECOM NETWORK
nodes and EPC utilising protocols such as SIP
and Diameter. (Tanmay Siddharth- 21020542156)
CONNECTIVITY OF NETWORK ELEMENTS WITH
THOSE OF IMS
• We generally think of 4G as being mostly about having to download, streaming, and internet browsing, and that's true, this is what
it's been used for so far, and yet it could be used to deliver next-generation voice services via IMS.
• We will therefore dismantle the end-to-end VoLTE network from the client machine to the IMS Core.
• SIP Enabled User Equipment: - This Handset or
Smartphone needs to be VoLTE
• Compliant where SIM should support ISIM & SIP User
Agent for making VoLTE Calls based on SIP Technology
• VoLTE Call requires adaptability from both Handset &
Underlying LTE network. The 4G or LTE Network also
needs to adapt with minor tweaks to support VoLTE
• IMS Network is sitting on top of underlying LTE Network.
IMS Core will communicate with conventional LTE
network nodes like PGW, PCRF, and HSS.
• In last on Right hand corner, we are having PSTN Network STEPS IN VOLTE CALL HANDOVER
consisting of MSS, MSC & MGW.

(Shiny Bhattacharjee – 21020542135)

• Now lets discuss about different network elements of IMS.

IMS Core is made up of two types of network elements: SIP Infrastructure and Media
Gateways.
• SIP Server's Function-
• Users will create an account with the SIP Server, which is part of the Control Plane and
Signalling.
• This SIP Server will configure the Media Part or Payload of a Voice Call with the Media
Gateway that is connected to the PSTN.
• The SIP Server is the central hub for session setup, teardown, control, and CDR SIP SERVER
generation. (Shiny Bhattacharjee – 21020542135)

The Media Gateway is in charge of conducting actual voice traffic and directing it to
other networks.
• These Media Gateways handle voice traffic interoperability between IMS and PSTN
networks.
• Any call coming from traditional 2G or 3G or Fix line network is uses Media Gateway
as Entry point to the IMS Network.

MEDIA
GATEWAY
(Sandeep Saini-21020542169)
• Now lets discuss about different network elements of IMS.

SIP Proxy

The SIP Proxy has several important functions such as:

a) Validates the correctness of SIP messages
b) Ensures the security
c) Authenticates and asserts the UE's identity
d) It finds out Home SIP Server & Routes Traffic to same SIP PROXY

Interrogator sits in Home Network.

• SIP Proxy forwards requests to Interrogator which in-turns finds out which SIP
Server to select.
• The main tasks of Interrogator is Select Correct SIP Server or Registrar which is
going to Server User.
• I-CSCF queries the HSS using the DIAMETER Cx interface to retrieve the user
location and then routes the SIP request to its assigned S-CSCF during
Registration and MT Call routing.
INTERROGATOR
(Sandeep Saini – 21020542169)
• Now lets discuss about different network elements of IMS.

HSS (home subscriber server)

HOME SUBSCRIBER
• The HSS is a database that contains all consumer and SERVER
customer support data.
• The control layer utilizes HSS to store subscription-related
data (user profiles).
• HSS is the main customer database which is used for both
LTE network and IMS registration and authentication.
Diameter protocol is used during HSS

(Rajasi Ratnakar – 21020542115)

• Now lets discuss about different network elements of IMS.

Breakout Gateway Control Function

BGCF
Breakout Gateway Control Function needs to decide where to route SIP
Message (i.e. to PSTN or to Other SIP Network), BGCF Simplifies this
Job by making these judgments about routing the call to destination
Network.
This is as good as a routing table in a network, and it is similar to MSC.
This is as good as a routing table in a network and it is similar to MSC.

1. BGCF is in charge of identifying the next hop for SIP message routing.
2. For PSTN terminations, the BGCF identifies the network in which CS
domain breakout is to occur and picks the appropriate MGCF.
3. For terminations in peer IMS networks, the BGCF picks the
appropriate IBCF to manage the connection to the peer IMS domain.

(Rajasi Ratnakar – 21020542115)

• The Big picture.
• This is End to End Pictorial View of Complete VoLTE + IMS Network where user device (UE) is connected to IMS via LTE
network.

USER DEVICE CONNECTED WITH IMS

(Sachin Yadav - 21020542124)
• The Full VoLTE IMS Picture
• The IMS architecture enables service providers to provide new and improved services while lowering operational costs
across cellular, wireline, and internet networks.
• The IMS architecture is divided into three distinct layers: -
1.Transportation and Termination
2.Services for Application
3.Control and Session

COMPLETE VOLTE + IMS DIAGRAM

 • All Media Entities

ATCF

ATCF is an abbreviation for Access Transfer Control Function, while ATGW is an

abbreviation for Access Transfer Gateway ACCESS
• As the name implies, these both Access nodes exist in the serving IMS network TRANSFER
CONTROL
(i.e. visited network in the case of roaming) and interact with the LTE network FUNCTION
for Media Control and Payload processing.
2. ATCF is in charge of access-side media control for LTE PGW voice calls.
3 .ATCF is also critical in allowing SRVCC Session Transfer procedures.
4. The ATGW is a media function utilised to anchor the media with the LTE PGW.

ICBF & TRGW

ICBF & TrGW

• We will expand Media Control and Media Gateway into real Node functions.
• These Nodes' 3GPP names are IBCF and TrGW. The IBCF is the control Plane Entity.
• While TrGW is the user Plane Entity PSTN Gateway that interfaces with PSTN
Networks. These Nodes' 3GPP names are MGCF and IMS-MGW.
• The control plane entity is MGCF, while the user plane entity is IMS-MGW.
• With these Nodes, we can now effortlessly transfer calls to any PSTN or IMS network.
(Tuhin Deb – 21020542159)
• All Media Entities

MRF is an abbreviation for Media resource function.

1. MRF serves as both a gateway and a control function.

2. It is concerned with call conferencing and RTP Mixing.
3. It is also utilised for Announcement and Media functions.
4. MRF provide media plane processing regardless of
application type, such as transcoding, multiparty
conferencing, network announcements/tones, and so on.

(Tuhin Deb – 21020542159)

MEDIA RESOURCE FUNCTION

Thank
you!